Booze

RobertDyck · 2016-03-24 03:30:06

I wrote a "mod" for a game popular with young people: Minecraft. The Booze mod included highly accurate procedures to make: wine, beer, stout, ale, brandy, whisky, scotch, rum, vodka, Chardonnay, Merlot, Roman wine, cider, applejack, mulled cider, hot buttered rum. The "wine" was made from Valiant grapes because that's what I have in my back yard. And the grapes grow in cold conditions. Chardonnay grapes in temperate high altitude, and Merlot grapes in temperature wet low altitude. Cider is fermented apples, and applejack is distilled cider. Rum is made from sugar. The game only has white sugar, so my mod only has one type of rum. But white rum is made from white sugar, while dark rum is made from brown sugar or one of the unrefined dark sugars. I was going to add Champagne to the game mod, but never got to it. Champagne is actually sparkling Chardonnay. The game mod was going to add a magnum bottle for Champagne, and flute glasses that you could pour into. A fan asked for that, he wanted to party "in game".

Tom Kalbfus · 2016-03-24 07:21:59

Terraformer wrote:

What.
That's like, I don't know, saying that booze could be deadly on Earth, because people might try breaking into a building site and operating the cranes when drunk.

Mars is a more deadly environment, because on Earth, you don't need airlocks and spacesuits to go outside. You could have a crane accident, but that's usually less deadly than total depressurization of your domicile while your spacesuits are stuck in a broken airlock who's outer door does not shut!

SpaceNut · 2020-02-09 15:30:18

Repost

Cheers

Calliban wrote:

Plot 0037.
I like the idea of a Mars distillery making Martian Whisky. This would be a way of converting any excess grain into a product that can be sent back to Earth. Mars has one advantage over most locations where whisky is made on Earth - a low temperature environment, with large temperature range. On Earth, temperature and pressure fluctuations drive whisky into and out of the pores of the oak barrel, ageing the whisky with tannins, which are slowly oxidised and transformed into complex flavours. On Earth, relatively warm temperatures result in alcohol evaporation from the barrels - the so called angel's share. This limits how long whisky can be aged, because between 1-5% of the alcohol evaporates each year. So after 21 years, you have lost a lot of original product. Mars whisky can be allowed to age more slowly and develop more complex flavours.
A 200litre bourbon barrel weighs 110lb (50kg); will contain about 4 times its own weight in whisky and can be reused multiple times for malt (though legally, only once for Bourbon).
https://www.lexingtoncontainercompany.c … rrels.html
Ethanol freezes at -114C, so cask strength whisky should remain liquid at Martian temperatures. The large day-night temperature fluctuations should be useful in helping it age. The vapour pressure of ethanol is less than Mars atmospheric pressure at -60C and about 1.3KPa at 1C. So a Martian warehouse can be pressurised to a few KPa of pure oxygen, which should be easy from a structural engineering viewpoint.
The value of malt whisky is a function of its age. A bottle of 21 year old scotch (0.7l) will typically sell for £100-300 ($130-400), depending upon what it is (say $500/litre or kg). So 21 year old Martian Whisky is something we might profitably export to Earth, so long as transport costs back to Earth aren't higher than a few hundred dollars per kg. The oak casks would need to be imported. But for each kg of oak, we can age at least 4kg of whisky. And even spent casks have their uses.
Growing the barely might be a sticking point. Agriculture will be expensive on Mars and there is no way it could profitably be imported from Earth. It takes about 1kg of grain to produce 1litre of cask strength whisky.
The exhausted grain can be fed to cattle. The waste water contains minerals that make it good for recycling to crops. The 'feints' are the lightest 10% fraction in the distilling process and include quite a lot of methanol. This could be used as fuel. The distilling process takes place at temperatures of 60-90C. So electricity, concentrated solar or waste heat can be used for distillation. The fermenting of the grains takes place at about 37C from memory. So waste heat from the distillery is valuable for heating.
One of the biggest Scotch distilleries is Macallan in Scotland, producing 11million litres of alcohol each year - about 20million litres of cask strength whisky. This would require about 20,000 tonnes of malt grain. In the southern UK, we have managed about 9tonnes per hectare yield (0.9kg/m2/year). So to grow 20,000 tonnes would require a grain area of 22km2 - probably somewhat more on Mars. If we can sell each litre at $100 profit, then 20million litres of Martian 21 year old would fetch $2billion.

SpaceNut · 2020-02-09 15:50:16

Depending on the crops grown we can make quite a variety of drinks as well as to provide the fixing to make it a flavored mixed drink as well.

Calliban · 2020-02-09 16:13:42

On Earth, the regions with the highest yields of wheat and barely, tend to be located in the northern hemisphere. There are three reasons:
1. Plenty of natural rainfall;
2. High land cost, leading to relatively intensive agriculture;
3. High insolation during summer months.

The final point may be a problem for Mars, with only half the sunlight intensity of Earth. Wheat and barely both benefit from long, hot summer days for the grains to reach maturity. Mars has a thinner atmosphere, with less cloud cover and the seasons are twice as long. Maybe, that will balance out the lower insolation effects. With longer seasons, we should hopefully get more than one crop per year. I think yields are difficult to determine. We will find out when we get there!

Presumably, barley could be grown under ETFE sheets, that are reinforced and regularly anchored to the ground with basalt fibres. Water would be heavily recycled, along with all mineral nutrients that don't make it into finished whisky. The spent mash could be recycled into animal feed. This could sustain animals during winter. During early spring and autumn, we could grow grass in fields not yet planted, to allow grazing.

Straw would be an important byproduct of Martian cereal agriculture. When compressed with glue, it would substitute for wood products. Alternatively, it could be bio refined into organic compounds.

Last edited by Calliban (2020-02-09 16:26:17)

louis · 2020-02-09 16:35:34

We could definitely use cheap reflectors to boost the incoming solar radiation around the wheat or barley "field". The weather is benign on Mars, so such reflectors don't need to be anchored to major structures. With the right location, they could probably be secured with aluminium frames and/or cables attached (with climbing gear-type connections) to rocky crater or bute walls.

Water can be recycled with simple dehumidifiers.

Calliban wrote:

On Earth, the regions with the highest yields of wheat and barely, tend to be located in the northern hemisphere. There are three reasons:
1. Plenty of natural rainfall;
2. High land cost, leading to relatively intensive agriculture;
3. High insolation during summer months.
The final point may be a problem for Mars, with only half the sunlight intensity of Earth. Wheat and barely both benefit from long, hot summer days for the grains to reach maturity. Mars has a thinner atmosphere, with less cloud cover and the seasons are twice as long. Maybe, that will balance out the lower insolation effects. With longer seasons, we should hopefully get more than one crop per year. I think yields are difficult to determine. We will find out when we get there!
Presumably, barley could be grown under ETFE sheets, that are reinforced and regularly anchored to the ground with basalt fibres. Water would be heavily recycled, along with all mineral nutrients that don't make it into finished whisky. The spent mash could be recycled into animal feed. This could sustain animals during winter. During early spring and autumn, we could grow grass in fields not yet planted, to allow grazing.
Straw would be an important byproduct of Martian cereal agriculture. When compressed with glue, it would substitute for wood products. Alternatively, it could be bio refined into organic compounds.

SpaceNut · 2020-02-09 16:59:51

The quick search of the forum for term barley shows a dozen or so topics.

I am sure if I did a search for other foods that are used I would get back just as many posts by individuals for the use of wheat as well.

Calliban · 2020-02-09 17:50:36

This thread is particularly useful.

http://newmars.com/forums/viewtopic.php … 99#p133399

Lake Matthew Team - Cole wrote:

Wheat
RobertDyck wrote:
Wheat yield in Canada is 3 tons per acre in Quebec...
Under optimal field conditions you can get over 6 tons per acre, but the greatest yield ever recorded was achieved in a NASA high-irradiance experiment. Bugbee and Salisbury 1988 got 20 tons per acre: enough wheat for 36,000 loaves.
That's 69 million calories from one harvest on one acre. I think that's the yield record for any crop species, and an attainable goal for a settlement attempting calorie self-sufficiency.
A notional greenhouse acre plot:
- 2000 wheat plants/m2
- summer sunlight + 6 MW power, 16 hr/sol, spectrum-optimized LEDs
- curtain-box (red mulch) surrounding plot, to maximize useful PPF and prevent eye damage
- PPF 200 mol/m2d (~4x typical terrestrial field)

We come back to the need for cheap power to augment Martian agriculture and extend the day length.

Terraformer wrote:

It's important to note that Wheat is a C3 crop, so yields are significantly limited by the availability of CO2. In a Martian greenhouse, that's not going to be the limiting factor.

As Terraformer pointed out, extra CO2 is easy to provide. And water vapour transpired by plants would tend to condense out onto the roof, where it would drip back down onto the plants. So it shouldn't be difficult to ensure that plants are well hydrated. Minerals from wastes could be continuously recycled by composting and anaerobic digestion.

Last edited by Calliban (2020-02-09 17:56:59)

Calliban · 2020-02-09 18:02:52

louis wrote:

We could definitely use cheap reflectors to boost the incoming solar radiation around the wheat or barley "field". The weather is benign on Mars, so such reflectors don't need to be anchored to major structures. With the right location, they could probably be secured with aluminium frames and/or cables attached (with climbing gear-type connections) to rocky crater or bute walls.
Water can be recycled with simple dehumidifiers.

If we arrange the polytunnels in south facing rows, then reflective mirrors could be place on the north side. It would be useful to have a reflective blanket arrangement that could be pulled over the poly tunnels at night to prevent temperatures from dropping to freezing.

SpaceNut · 2020-02-09 18:20:34

Now we are talking about the greenhouse structure and not how or with what to make the booze with....but yes reflection and thermal control are part of the game.
Its also the same game that man will need to play if we make use of solar at all...

Calliban · 2020-02-09 18:35:11

Vodka is essentially pure ethanol and water. It is often preferred by alcoholics because it is without odour. Vodka can be combined with juniper berries and other botanicals to make gin. Could we make ethanol synthetically, from water and CO2? If so, the production of booze can work 24/7/365 powered by a nuclear reactor.

Realistically, I don't think it is any more energy efficient making ethanol in a chemical reactor than it is deriving it from bio sources. But the infrastructure is a lot more compact. Instead of a giant tent covering hundreds of acres, a compact chemical reactor powered by a similarly small nuclear powerplant.

Last edited by Calliban (2020-02-09 18:40:26)

SpaceNut · 2020-02-09 18:40:48

Ethanol · Chemical formula
C₂H₆O

louis · 2020-02-09 19:41:06

You mean north-facing side (not north side) ? Not my area of expertise but I think angled reflectors at south west and south east facing angles would be more effective in adding solar radiation to a south facing facility.

Calliban wrote:

louis wrote:
We could definitely use cheap reflectors to boost the incoming solar radiation around the wheat or barley "field". The weather is benign on Mars, so such reflectors don't need to be anchored to major structures. With the right location, they could probably be secured with aluminium frames and/or cables attached (with climbing gear-type connections) to rocky crater or bute walls.
Water can be recycled with simple dehumidifiers.
If we arrange the polytunnels in south facing rows, then reflective mirrors could be place on the north side. It would be useful to have a reflective blanket arrangement that could be pulled over the poly tunnels at night to prevent temperatures from dropping to freezing.

SpaceNut · 2020-02-09 20:58:57

The reflecting edge, of the greenhouse length to south facing long side with narrow north shape and in the northern hemisphere that means that the reflective surfaces need to be placed on the northern end of the greenhouse to reflect the sun into it. These are angled from a vantage point that is higher than the height of the greenhouse. If more concentration is required for a larger area of reflection it is possible to re-reflect the light that misses the greenhouse back if we place a second set of mirrors at a distance to the south to not block the sun. You can also save on the outside heat blanket by putting the reflector and blanket on the north wall inside the greenhouse.

solar reflection clear greenhouse for a East west orientation

Several other things for the clear shell https://arcadiaglasshouse.com/greenhous … g-options/

this will give lots of thermal control https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1 … 012019/pdf

SpaceNut · 2020-10-11 15:00:24

RobertDyck wrote:

Oh! The bar will be configured as a brew pub. So stainless steel fermentation tanks behind a window behind the bar. Starch from life support can be broken down to sugar with gamma amylase. Human digestive enzymes contains alpha amylase; it breaks down starch and other complex carbohydrates into sugar. Saliva amylase (together with stomach acid) produces malt, pancreatic amylase produces glucose. Beta amylase is produced by grain seeds; breaking down starch to sugar to feed the plant embryo. Beer production grows some barley seeds to sprouts, then kills the sprouts with hot water and uses the amylase to break down starch in unsprouted grain to produce malt. Ferment malt to make beer. There's a type of mould that grows on fruit; it produces gamma amylase. That breaks down starch and carbohydrates into glucose. So we can grow that mould on some starch to make gamma amylase, then use the amylase to break down starch into sugar for fermentation. Distill that, dilute with pure water, the result is called vodka. So even under emergency conditions, the bar will still have an inexhaustible supply of vodka.

SpaceNut · 2020-10-14 18:13:15

RobertDyck wrote:

My girlfriend suggested we malt peas. Since we're producing pea starch. I found this paper on pea amylase... Characterization of α-Amylase from Shoots and Cotyledons of Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Seedlings
So the idea is to grow pea sprouts, then extract amylase to convert starch to sugar, just like the beer or whisky process does with barley sprouts. That means no need for mould. Pea vodka!

germinating-pea-seeds-germination-sprout-soil-40069154.jpg

Peas will sprout in 21 to 30 days if the soil temperature is 38 degrees Fahrenheit and the germination. If your soil is 40°F (4°C), peas will sprout but it could take weeks. Pea seeds at 60°F (15°C) will only take a week to sprout. Most varieties of peas are ready for harvest in 60 days from planting.

https://greenupside.com/how-long-does-i … -speed-up/

This time of year we are brewing pumpkin beers as well as other flavors.

SpaceNut · 2020-11-02 22:19:01

Whole Lot of Rosé’ Beer Recipe
plus 3 others....

SpaceNut · 2020-12-11 19:09:26

Maybe a bit of wine from elderberry or maybe a jelly or syrup....

Mars_B4_Moon · 2021-11-12 10:15:44

There was an old Drugs Naracotics discussion but I'm afriad to bump it because the thread was too weird

Movies and pop music has started to push drugs back into the mainstream, then you have guys like JoeRogan, he's done A LOT of drugs...but as idiotic as that sounds the guy is quick witted and one of these so-called 'truthers' with millions of followers on Instagram and on Youtube and millions of followers on his Twitter account.. he debated Phil Plait once putting him on the back foot and ranting about shadow cast by the US flag.

Musk has also gone on Joe Rogan

On the subject of drugs on Mars
here is the discussion
http://newmars.com/forums/viewtopic.php?id=1291

British leader Boris Johnson to consider legalising magic mushroom (psilocybin)
https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-58980382

Mars_B4_Moon · 2021-12-10 07:21:21

New Zealand to ban cigarettes for future generations
https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-59589775
There was also a debate here Civilization and Mars Culture...the question of Drugs - Yes or No?

In parts of Europe you have the 'Tabac Shop' it survived after the smoking bans and is a small mini store or a shop licensed to sell tobacco products in France and Spain. Tabacs also sell newspapers, telephone cards, postage stamps and multi-journey bus tickets.

A part of US history...Sheet Music: Ev'ry Day'll Be Sunday When The Town Goes Dry
https://www.historyonthenet.com/authent … s_Dry.html
While banning booze did lower social problems and alcoholism it also caused problems it lowered government tax revenues at a critical time before and during the Great Depression.
Some places are still dry no alcohol, 18th Amendment, banning the manufacture, sale and transport of alcoholic beverages.
Prohibition giving criminal gangsters power over booze, therefore, played a major part in the rise of the Mafia?

So, Uh, Astronauts Routinely Smuggle Booze Into Space
https://futurism.com/astronauts-drinking-space

Last edited by Mars_B4_Moon (2021-12-10 07:23:41)

Mars_B4_Moon · 2022-03-21 06:53:12

Psychedelic Medicine: LSD, a Future Anti-Anxiety Pill?

https://scitechdaily.com/psychedelic-me … iety-pill/

Mars_B4_Moon · 2022-03-25 09:18:36

Paralysed man uses brain implant to communicate first words in three months: ‘I want a beer’

https://www.independent.co.uk/tech/para … 43773.html

Mars_B4_Moon · 2022-04-10 04:23:50

Addictions can be a bad thing

New Harmful Side Effects of Marijuana Discovered – Developing Brain Needs Cannabinoid Receptors After Birth
https://scitechdaily.com/new-harmful-si … ter-birth/

Mars_B4_Moon · 2022-04-12 06:40:24

The growing or production of legals 'highs' might become a big business on Mars, stimulants like tea coffee, social beverages depressants, mild psychedelic drugs, anti-depressants or cheap alternative pharma drugs to keep the health of a colony.

Will the farm workers on a future Mars bio-dome farm live the pleasures and addictions people had on Earth or with all the dangers of space colonization would it be more controlled and regulated, will it be the new WildWest frontier out there in space?

Each hemisphere of the Earth is neatly separated into three distinct climate zones. These climate regions or zones are the tropical, temperate and polar zones.
https://tjsgardendotcom1.wordpress.com/ … -us-chart/

U.S. alcohol-related deaths hit highest rate in decades during coronavirus pandemic, study shows
https://www.adn.com/nation-world/2022/0 … udy-shows/

Amsterdam mayor pushes ban on coffeeshops selling weed to tourists
https://nltimes.nl/2022/04/12/amsterdam … d-tourists

The hardiness zone you live in is a geographical area representing the average lowest temperature of every winter. It is essential to know if you plan on planting certain types of plants in your garden.
https://www.justpuregardening.com/planting-zones/

U.S. Planting Zone Map
https://gilmour.com/planting-zones-hardiness-map

Fast Plants

Plants are often classified by the coldest temperature and zone they can endure. You will find this notation on plant labels, in plant catalogs, and plant reference books, and online. For example, a plant hardy for Zone 6 will survive where winter temperatures drop to -10°F (-23.3°C). A plant hardy to Zone 8 will die long before it is that cold. A plant hardy to Zone 8 growing in Zone 6 will need to be replaced each year. Plants rated for a range of hardiness zones can usually survive winter in the coldest region as well as tolerate summer heat of the warmest one.
https://harvesttotable.com/usda-plant-h … -zone-map/

Aussie map. Choosing the right plants for your climate area
https://www.diggers.com.au/pages/climat … for-plants
The Cold Zone of an area is determined by the absolute minimum temperature that could occur in a given area. For example, if a plant has a CZ rating of 9a it can survive temperatures as low as -7°C, whereas a plant with a CZ rating of 10 will likely be killed by a frost.
Plant Hardiness Zone Map
https://plantaddicts.com/united-states-plant-zone-map/

USDA Hardiness Zone Map
https://garden.org/nga/zipzone/

Maps
https://i.ibb.co/Qn0SFRS/c8obov.jpg

Even if 'Booze' is not consumed, alcohol for cleaning or vinegar or Hops as a Preservative.
The sunshine climate might be difficult like Alaska, the New England region, the Great Lakes, Idaho, or Canada, even though people will be in domes Mars could have its own hardships.
https://i.ibb.co/7VhMJ5M/c8obov.jpg

Making Booze and wine in Spanish lands?
La leyenda de Gambrinus, el "Rey de la Cerveza"
https://www.thebeertimes.com/jan-primus … a-cerveza/

Backyard brew on Mars?
dual stage controller
https://www.homebrewfinds.com/2022/03/i … pon-2.html

Other discussions 'Night Life On Mars' https://newmars.com/forums/viewtopic.php?id=200 Booze of the Red Planet - An account https://newmars.com/forums/viewtopic.php?id=179

Calliban · 2022-04-12 07:58:38

Interesting reference on the possible use of microalgae to produce ethanol.
https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/47886

Comparison of yields per acre:

Wheat: 277 gal/acre.
Algae: 5,000–15,000 gal/acre.

We would need to produce a blend of fermented micro algae that results in pleasant flavours that people will enjoy. But the much greater yield of micro algae and its ability to grow in panels and thin tubes, gives it an enormous advantage over other foods that we might grow on Mars. And it has the advantage that we can drain it into tanks at night time to avoid it freezing.

One of the key enabling technologies for human colonisation of Mars is our ability to grow micro algae and combine and process these algae to produce foods that are palatable and nutritious. Without this technology, each human colonist will have to be supported by hundreds of square metres of heated, pressurised greenhouses. These would be very expensive to produce and energy intensive to operate. A large part of the estimated 100kW of power capacity needed to support each colonist on Mars would be taken up by food production. Processed algae avoids almost all of this requirement. It will be the cheapest way of making food and alcohol.

If the yield estimates above are to be believed, then a single acre of algae panels (40 x 100m) will yield around 20,000 litres of ethanol per year. That is equivalent to 50,000 litres of standard 40% whisky or vodka or 500,000 litres of beer.

Last edited by Calliban (2022-04-12 08:19:09)

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#51 2016-03-24 03:30:06

Re: Booze

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