Haciendas and Villages in Late Colonial periods, maybe it was not always romantic?
Enslaved People’s work on sugar plantations
https://runaways.gla.ac.uk/minecraft/in … antations/
Slavery, Pirates and Secret Tunnels
https://howtoperu.com/slavery-pirates-a … -san-jose/
modern Corruptions in a more civilized world?

Grocery Stores Are Masking Price Hikes Via "Shrinkflation"
https://www.zerohedge.com/economics/gro … inkflation
...how to deal with crime
old debate
http://newmars.com/forums/viewtopic.php?id=4335
» Quality of Life on Mars

I do not agree with torture I think it only makes nations look bad, that Detention Base or Camp in Cuba does the USA image no good.
However - Should Mars have a Death Penalty or Capital Punishment?
Take the problems on Earth, the wars and terrorists, the debate online about death row or Sgt. Bergdahl to the Firing Squad?
Four Taliban leaders freed in Guantanamo prisoner swap for Bowe Bergdahl join new Afghan government
https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/articl … nment.html
Bergdahl was captured by the Taliban, he went full jihad islam, got himself brainwashed by the Quran or Koran after deciding to abandon Observation Post Mest in eastern Afghanistan and walk 18 miles to complain about Army leadership to a general. His actions have since been the target of intense backlash from both his fellow soldiers on the 2nd Platoon, Blackfoot Company, and leading politicians. Bergdahl even found a way to unite the some on the left libertarian side, the crazy dinosaur and late senator John McCain and former President Donald Trump who all branded him a traitor and deserter.
South Korea
https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/nation … 14858.html
Horrific crimes reignite debate over death penalty
The United Nations introduced a resolution during the General Assembly's 62nd sessions in 2007 calling for a universal ban. The approval of a draft resolution by the Assembly's third committee, which deals with human rights issues, voted 99 to 52, with 33 abstentions, in favour of the resolution on 15 November 2007 and was put to a vote in the Assembly on 18 December.
Japanese mafia threat before he goes to death
https://news.sky.com/story/you-will-reg … h-12390781
'You will regret this': Japan crime boss's chilling threat to judge after being sentenced to death
In much of the Middle East and Africa there is a Death penalty for homosexuality, or cheating or stealing or speaking against the government or Sharia Law type stuff for offense against Islam or the Quran or Koran or Mohammed or something that offends al Lah, sometimes in the more Liberal islamist nations there is Death penalty in legislation, but not applied, instead they just put people in jail and beat and rape and torture them?
106 Regressive Abolitionist countries have banned the death penalty, they also are getting rid of hard labor, or manual labour and allow their mass murdering pedophile gangster criminals to live inside a place funded by tax payers.
A person may get killed for 'Witchcraft' in places like Saudi Arabia, Qatar.
Latin America has slowly started to end the Death Penalty for Crimes

Mars_B4_Moon · 2021-09-10 03:55:48

This is an old thread, I had not intended to have replied here but my post was moved.

I would like to put the above quote in context, it was in a discussion about some global Hacienda style system on Mars with everyone living inside these giant Utopia style community, with trade and perfect scrubbers and filters and mines and plots and farming duties. There was water and there was a bank with Currency and banking. There were gyms discussed and materials processing centers discessed was a multi-culture of people on Mars in this Hacienda style system, there were chains of endless supplies of foods and tools and water and air and building matrerial and people, there was no poverty, no corporate greed, no nation racing against another, no loss of people, no desperation, all big happy family enterprise, big Roman Latin type homes and farms with all cultures happily getting along, all machines working perfectly and communities expading across the planet like you would colonize a planet in a fictional playstation xbox style video game. I read about 8 pages before I gave up, replied with some criticism, I asked about failures or crimes or machines or a system breaking down?

I began to point out that Mars might have the very same issues and problems as we do on Earth, people on Earth many times have tired to move to their own little islands, preppers have joined other military style and hippies communities, nation states have at times tried to break away form their own seperate nation states. I said so far that only two cultures have landed on Mars with sucessful exploration craft, the United States and China and the idea of a multi-culture of folks want to live and raise a family in some 'Hacienda' style Roman Spanish villa community on Mars, at times it seemed ok but a lot of it just seemed ridiculous to me....too much Utopia optimism, nothing breaking down, no panic, no loss of life, everything would be ok and not enough realism a Hanna-Barbera style Jetsons toon that ignored the history of the United States of America and the history of China.

Back on Earth with our normal temperature, with satellite linked computers to connect anywhere, and Doctors on phone call in an instant and normal atmosphere, living off the grid can be extremely difficult, but I guess it can also be extremely rewarding. On our planet Earth alone in a small community there can be challenge of electricity generation, access to water, treating waste and dumping sweage into a place for process maybe for re-use later as material, how will politics or leadership or how will labor be divided throughout the community, there have even been discession of Friendly gun laws on Mars and filling the planet with Multiple Cultures. You now have thousands upon thousand of people on Mars, breedinga nd making babies and new generations so what will you do with the hot headed Soldier Alpha Male Survivalist type, how will you keep their minds occupied and busy? Management of people even in a perfectly livable planet called Earth can be a challenge in itself.

What happens when materials break, when equipment starts to fail, there are different type of power generation. On our Earth we have issues with Off-Grid Transportation how to move around when you can not directly acess ships, bus transport, airports, trucks how do you move stuff around, this is on Earth not on Mars, they say building your own community with thousands of different bodies and minds is a challenge alone on Earth at times? The challenge on another planet will be massive, on Earth we can access wind and flowing water. Here on our planet Earth a guy called Reynolds designed a home that encompassed what he believes are the six functions humans need to survive: food, energy, clean water, shelter, garbage management, and sewage treatment If you were to build a new Community on Earth then what are Places to Live Off the Grid, is it such an easy choice and what of income and business, Food how to Grow It, will you use peopole or robots to Gather It? In England there is a communal kitchen house community at Tinkers Bubble, a small hillside woodland community on 40 acres (16 hectares) of land in rural Somerset, England. These Earth living residents, known as Bubbleites, manage the land without fossil fuels, and have been for the last twenty years. On Mars people will have their own community, use high tech but also face serious challenges that can see buildings fail, see corp failure and events that cost life.

Back on Earth people have tried not just building their own seperate community and farms but also tried a life living a life inside Boats, a difficult life even in our pefectly livable world. There is also a lifestyle of living in Off Grid RV’s a roaming camper van and a Full-time Trailer Lifestyle. Earth also has nomadic peoples many Eskimo Native American types that survive on the lands alone of the Arctic - Inuit people, Laplander, the people Siberia, the Earth has Nomadic gypsy people and amish community living off the land without outside help, some of these community number in the thousands but could any culture or community truly survive and thrive on a place as difficlut as the planet Mars? On Earth with people using modern tech we still have issues with solar power how do you deal with damage, less sunlight in clouds and storms, make sure the area gets plenty of sunlight. Do people for example decide to live off the Grid in the Cold of Antartica in the South Pole or do they climb the highest peaks of Everest in that thin air to Live and Build New Community up there? Will Mars be making money by way of Tourism, Fly to Mars listen to music and have a drink, go hiking and climbing, maybe tourist Motor Bike Riding, maybe they can engage in Ore precious metal trade and types of Blacksmithing, then more tourism, the new people of Mars could then write & sell Books and Movies about their experience and a type of Cabin Rental we see on Earth?

I just thought the topic was ok but the discussion was far too Utopian.

Personally I think something has been lost in the old new mars forums during the time of the old BBS system more taboo subjects were discessed without 'offense' - free flowing thoughts in the older Ikonboard ...a lot of old user names have been lost from back then and back in those days people were not offended so easy.
This is without looking at other the discussion of history of conflict and world politics, historical failures, the wars of belief and religion, the topic of 'Hacienda' it talked about machines and farms and colonies without looking at past colonial failures, it talked of religion and culture without looking folklore topics and how the planet itself has been named after gods of battle, fire god, gods of fighting and gods of war, military expansionism and the history and ignored the reality of colony failures, the harsh facts of cultural and religious conflict and the reality of colonialism...some discussion that might have relevance to this war thing or political topic
http://newmars.com/forums/viewtopic.php?id=1125 , http://newmars.com/forums/viewtopic.php?id=7893 , http://newmars.com/forums/viewtopic.php?id=3659 , http://newmars.com/forums/viewtopic.php?id=1234 , http://newmars.com/forums/viewtopic.php?id=5222 , http://newmars.com/forums/viewtopic.php?id=5005 , http://newmars.com/forums/viewtopic.php?id=1252 , http://newmars.com/forums/viewtopic.php?id=2039 , http://newmars.com/forums/viewtopic.php?id=139 , http://newmars.com/forums/viewtopic.php?id=7768 , http://newmars.com/forums/viewtopic.php?id=139 , http://newmars.com/forums/viewtopic.php?id=3802 , http://newmars.com/forums/viewtopic.php?id=567 , http://newmars.com/forums/viewtopic.php?id=7886 ,

My issue in the reply
It did not deal with the reality of colonization, Roanoke failed, South Carolina, Nova Scotia, Florida all these places had problems, yes our technology is far better today but Mars is a far more harsh enviornment.

Then the accusations came to me of sabotage or ' vandalism', been accused at swinging at a 'word' and told not to reply 'Until you have time to read the entire topic'

...maybe soon shots fired by conquista zealots, before a ship even sets sail and the Mars Salem witch trials commence and we have not even put a foot there yet.

Last edited by Mars_B4_Moon (2021-09-10 06:20:42)

Mars_B4_Moon · 2021-09-14 17:48:58

The topic 'Mosques on Mars'
http://newmars.com/forums/viewtopic.php?id=7893

Some know guns and bombs and other weapons were running across North Africa into Syria and Iraq after the fall of Libya but Did you also know that Qatar, UAE, Dubai and Saudi Arabia funded ISIS?

http://www.sirjournal.org/blogs/2016/4/ … ng-of-isis

The Khaleej Times is a daily newspaper published in Dubai, United Arab Emirates.

READS
The next ‘Forever War’ will be for control of space

The United States was left dependent on Russia to get astronauts to and from the International Space Station following the termination of its space shuttle programme in 2011, but last year resumed its own manned spaceflight. Relations have since deteriorated further, even as Moscow has moved closer to other emerging space powers such as India and the UAE, hosting training for astronauts of both.

and the Clown Spooks?

Ex-U.S. intelligence operatives in UAE hacking case will cooperate with FBI to avoid prosecution
https://www.reuters.com/world/us/americ … 021-09-14/
Defendants Marc Baier, Ryan Adams, and Daniel Gericke were part of a clandestine unit named Project Raven, first reported by Reuters, that helped the United Arab Emirates spy on its enemies.
The three entered into an agreement, known as a deferred prosecution agreement, with U.S. prosecutors who accused them of conspiring to violate hacking laws, the Justice Department said in court documents filed on Tuesday.
The three also agreed to give up foreign or U.S. security clearances and face future employment restrictions.

Trio of former US spies admit they provided high-tech hacking technology to the United Arab Emirates after they left the government
https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/articl … cheme.html

American hacker mercenaries face US charges for work in UAE
https://www.channelnewsasia.com/busines … ae-2178271

Three former U.S. intelligence and military operatives have admitted providing sophisticated computer hacking technology to the United Arab Emirates
https://www.staradvertiser.com/2021/09/ … ng-scheme/

Former U.S. Intelligence Operatives Admit Hacking For UAE
https://www.npr.org/2021/09/14/10371325 … ng-for-uae

Last edited by Mars_B4_Moon (2021-09-15 05:31:15)

Mars_B4_Moon · 2021-10-06 12:39:52

The islamic jihadi propaganda Emirates Mars Mission now launches a 'Planet X' challenge

Russia tells its space reporters to stop reporting on the space program
https://arstechnica.com/science/2021/10 … e-program/

Hindu Nationalist India angry at the USA because of their own failures?

When Joe Biden denied India space tech, called it 'dangerous', US delayed India's space programme
https://worldwardefence.blogspot.com/20 … -tech.html

ZeeNews claims 'When Joe Biden denied India Space Tech, America scuttled India's march into Space'

Back then, America tried every dirty trick to scuttle India's rapidly progressing space programme. It is widely regarded that the Americans did succeed in eventually delaying India's march into Space. Joseph R Biden was among the overt contributors in this act, which India (to its own peril) refused to resist effectively or immediately overcome.
They claim -
After India's Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) took over the case, it was established that the 'ISRO Spy Case' was a conspiracy fabricated by officials of IB and Kerala Police. However, given India's excruciatingly slow Judicial system and labyrinthine processes, those who conspired against the National Space Programme are still scot-free (Court proceedings and probe ongoing).
...Whichever way it heads, it won't be an excuse to forget the bygone chapters of American evils perpetrated on India and also India's own pathetically lackadaisical and sluggish responses to these historical injustices.

Last edited by Mars_B4_Moon (2021-10-06 12:42:27)

Mars_B4_Moon · 2021-11-19 07:53:22

Mars colony simulations: Crew may revolt without strong interplanetary communication - As extraterrestrial settlers gain independence from mission control, they could test the line between healthy autonomy and closed-off anarchy.
https://www.cnet.com/news/mars-colony-s … unication/

Did the Koran or Quran mention the splitting of the Moon? In Europe there are some muslims who will not become European even after multiple generations, attacks in Sweden, in London, in Paris, in Germany, Fadi Abdullatif another found guilty of threatening the Danish prime minister, Anders Fogh Rasmussen, hated Atheists and Christians and Infidels and found to be in contravention of Denmark's anti-racism laws by calling for the killing of Jews, they say that ex-Muslims are to be killed, following their so-called holy islamic texts to the letter.
Sharia Law and Gameragte? Call of Duty apologizes for insulting Muslims
https://www.bignewsnetwork.com/news/271 … ng-muslims
Pakistan frees leader of party behind anti-France rally
https://abcnews.go.com/International/wi … y-81255186

As Elon Musk Aims For A Mars Colony By 2026 - What Will Become Of The First 'Martians'
https://www.audible.com/pd/As-Elon-Musk … B09LYX7CH8

'ISS crew takes refuge after Russian anti-satellite weapons test sends debris flying'
https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/articl … ction.html

US condemns Russia’s anti-satellite test

Mars_B4_Moon · 2022-03-12 03:56:22

Don’t Cede the Space Race to China and the Billionaires
https://www.nytimes.com/2022/02/18/opin … aires.html

Russia’s War in Ukraine Threatens Joint Missions to Mars, Venus and the Moon
https://www.scientificamerican.com/arti … -the-moon/

What happens if Russia hacks a U.S. satellite?
https://defensesystems.com/cyber/2022/0 … at/362865/

In the only US state bordering Russia, Alaska governor says defenses are strong
https://www.foxnews.com/media/russia-in … r-dunleavy

German government rejects more nuclear power as alternative to Russian gas
https://theworldnews.net/gb-news/german … ussian-gas

Germany has rejected the possibility of keeping its nuclear power plants open for longer than planned as part of efforts to wean the country off Russian gas.
The government said the focus should not be on nuclear energy - which it said carried high risks - but instead on quickly building up alternative sources.
Germany has stopped short of boycotting oil and gas coming from Russia in light of the invasion of Ukraine.

Mars_B4_Moon · 2022-04-17 07:46:34

Second British soldier captured in Mariupol is paraded on Russian TV
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/ … russian-tv

One day we will see Mercenaries or Mars?

Earth UN ex-NuSoviet ex-NATO soldiers captured in Valles Marineris are paraded on Mars TV ...the Emperor of Mars says to Asteroid Belt nations this proves Earth is to blame

Last edited by Mars_B4_Moon (2022-04-17 07:46:47)

Calliban · 2022-04-20 09:40:24

A rifle for the Mars military?

The link below details a rifle that was under development by the German and US militaries for over 20 years. It looked promising, but went nowhere.
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heckler_%26_Koch_G11

One of the most important innovations of this rifle was development of caseless ammunition. This has the enormous advantage of reducing the weight of a weapon and ammunition packs carried by a soldier. Those heavy brass cases are eliminated. The cost and weight of ammunition can be halved by this one innovation. But the cast cordite was fragile, vulnerable to flaking and could ignite from the heat of the barrel before the breach is locked. This is obviously dangerous. One of the things I don't understand is why designers didn't opt for a lighter cartridge case instead. Maybe aluminium alloy or a polymer of some kind. This would have eliminated most of the weight of the cartridge and aluminium is much cheaper than brass.

On Mars and other off-Earth locations, the design requirements of a rifle will be very different to those applicable on Earth. Air resistance is much lower on Mars. Bullets do not need to be so large to achieve a good range. Gravity is also lower, which helps maintain a flatter trajectory. Recoil is a bigger problem than on Earth. It is more likely to knock a soldier off balance. Weight is less of an issue, though mass could still make a soldier cumbersome. Modern small arm bullets are designed to wound, rather than kill. The idea is to inflict injuries that will require resources to treat. This drains enemy resources, for soldiers that will never recover enough to return to the front line. The reality of gunshot wounds is that whilst they are often survivable, they are not usually recoverable. The injuries inflicted are permanently crippling, making any wounded individuals useless in future combat.

With all these things in mind, I would propose that Martian rifles will be smaller in calibre than their Earth equivalents. The bullets will use polymer or aluminium cases and will be carried in disposable plastic packs, rather than reusable magazines. Muzzle velocity would be as high as we can make it - in excess of 1km/s. Barrels will be lined with tungsten to reduce wear. To achieve highest possible muzzle velocity, we should develop a propellant that combines high energy density with low molecular weight products. To maximise the weapons ability to penetrate armoured space suits whilst keeping caliber as low as possible, bullets will be copper cased with depleted uranium cores and tungsten tips. Bullets should be designed to remain intact on impact and avoid tumbling for maximum armour piercing effect. Suggested caliber would be 0.177" or 4.5mm.

Last edited by Calliban (2022-04-20 10:05:09)

kbd512 · 2022-04-20 14:50:42

Calliban,

Given the much lower gravity on Mars, it should be much more practical to use miniature rail guns, which would eliminate the stored chemical energy requirement altogether, along with the danger all explosives pose to pressurized structures and vehicles. Projectiles could be solid Copper, possibly sintered to produce fragmentation upon impact. Since the atmosphere is so thin and gravity is so much lower on Mars, a lot less velocity is lost per meter of projectile travel. Relative to any kind of chemical energy propellant with or without propellant casings, the projectile cost associated with a rail gun would be trivial. The weapon cost could be far greater, so that's the drawback.

The rifle doesn't have to achieve hyper-velocity to be highly lethal to a person operating in a non-breathable atmosphere. If it was feasible to move the weapon's power supply into a backpack with a power capable connected to the weapon, then the handheld portion of the weapon could be fairly light and easy to point. 1km/s is practical to achieve and would keep barrel wear within acceptable limits. It would definitely be heavier than a chemical energy rifle, but not when ammo weight is included. Carrying 2,000 rounds of ammo would be trivial. That's impractical with nearly any type of chemical energy rifle larger than .22LR.

I would think that a good solution for storing / loading projectiles for a rail gun would be similar to how staples are loaded into a staple gun. The magazine spring is retracted, the projectiles are loaded into a durable metal magazine fixed to the rifle, the spring is released, and then the weapon is ready to go after charging. That eliminates the need for carrying multiple magazines. Weight and bulk are always issues. 1,000 55-grain 5.56mm projectiles would weigh a little less than 8 pounds. If the entire "gun" portion of a rail gun carbine weighs 10 pounds and has 1,000 projectiles ready to go, then that feels like carrying an empty M4 or AK-74 carbine here on Earth. The power supply would likely add another 20 pounds or so, so it feels like you're carrying about 18.25 pounds, which is equivalent to a M4 plus 11 magazines. That's about what you would normally carry on a long patrol or if you expected a firefight. Standard loadout is 7 magazines. The rail gun would roughly triple your ammo loadout for no increase in weight. Ammo resupply is obviously less of an issue, so more weight can be devoted to water / food / medical supplies.

The G11 project was ultimately halted because they never satisfactorily solved the propellant stability and mechanical cartridge strength problems. Cook-offs were an initial problem, but that was solved. The environmental degradation issues were not. To wit, simple human oils and sweat attacking the combustible coating covering the propellant charge, a denatured Hexogen explosive if memory serves. Beyond that, the cartridges could be broken while being fed into the weapon by its feed mechanism. The degradation issues would be far less of a problem if everyone is wearing gloves and no water is present in the atmosphere, so more practical on Mars than on Earth.

I believe the G11's smaller caliber was selected to enable more cartridges to be carried. I think they wanted to double an individual rifleman's ammo supply over what the Warsaw Pact soldiers could reasonably carry for their AK-74s. The US finally gave up on accurate long range marksmanship fantasies, because that's not how infantry engagements are fought unless you're a sniper or designated marksman. Even their qualification course of fire is different now to better reflect real life, using randomized unknown distance pop-up target engagements with a time component added to it, instead of slow-fire at known / fixed distance. They still do slow-fire, aka "target shooting" to determine if you can hit anything to begin with, but to qualify as a rifleman you fire at pop-ups at various distances with short engagement windows before the targets disappear. The smaller G11 projectile was affected by wind to an even greater degree than 5.56mm, but over expected engagement distances that was a moot point. Tumbling was the wounding mechanism, so giving up velocity faster was less of an issue if the projectile still tumbled upon impact.

The three round burst before hitting the recoil buffer feature was intended to provide some random dispersion to, theoretically, turn a near-miss into a hit by having the third round fired a few inches from the first and second, which tended to group together more tightly in testing. It was a good idea, but in testing the first and second rounds landed where aimed and then the third round may not even be on paper, so a double-tap remains the most practical compromise between ammo expenditure and effect on target if you do happen to hit it.

Anyway, G11 was definitely an interesting firearms oddity, but the US Army's LSAT Program has only now started to produce Aluminum and polymer cased ammo that Big Army finds acceptable for use under battlefield conditions. Years and years later, that program and the weapons are still developmental items. The belt-fed machine gun using the polymer-cased ammo is closest to being fielded, IIRC. The rifle variant, for whatever reason, is still having issues related to storing polymer cased ammo in magazines applying constant spring pressure (deforming the cartridges it contains). G11 might be more practical to do today, but if it was then I think US Army would adopt a variant to replace the M4.

Thus far, all attempts to replace our M4s have failed due to cost, weight, reliability, or NIH issues. Most of the proposed replacements are significantly heavier or have "dumb" features such as even shorter barrels that reduce velocity and increase muzzle flash. If you only fire them on semi-auto, keep it lubed up, and replace the springs on schedule, the M4 is boringly reliable. I've fired many thousands of rounds through them without issue. They don't like running dry and they don't like overheating, which is almost entirely associated with fully automatic fire.

I don't see G11 technology as enough of a technological leap to justify its cost or problems, except for belt-fed weapons, and that's what the LSAT Program focused on, namely trying to replace the M249 / SAW. Good results were achieved with the polymer casing technology, but somewhat less spectacular with the weapon itself. The polymer cases, believe it or not, do a great job of keeping heat out of the chamber, so the weapon can run cooler for longer. Since these are all open bolt weapons, there's also less of an issue with casings melting onto the chamber.

Anyway, the G11 was a very different weapon and ahead of its time. That carbine was closed bolt, IIRC, so chamber heating and cook-off was a real issue. I think practical caseless or polymer-cased solutions need to be open bolt. There was at least one civilian rifle that fired caseless ammo, a Voere design I think. That was a bolt-action and I don't think it was all that successful. Again, simply ahead of its time.

Mars_B4_Moon · 2022-07-28 04:17:25

John Raymond's UND commencement speech: 'You are graduating into a dynamic, changing world'

https://www.grandforksherald.com/news/l … ging-world

Mars_B4_Moon · 2022-08-01 18:18:32

Dead islamic jihad mohammedan Ayman al-Zawahri

FBI’s most wanted

1998 United States embassy bombings were attacks that occurred in1998. More than 200 people were killed in nearly simultaneous truck bomb explosions in two East African cities, one at the United States Embassy in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, the other at the United States Embassy in Nairobi, Kenya
https://web.archive.org/web/20110928085 … page=0%2C1

USS Cole bombing was a suicide attack by the terrorist group al-Qaeda against USS Cole, a guided missile destroyer of the United States Navy, on 12 October 2000, while she was being refueled in Yemen's Aden harbor
https://www.vox.com/2018/11/8/18075314/ … rist-sudan

‘Justice has been delivered’: Joe Biden on al-Qaeda ‘take-out’

https://www.bitchute.com/video/fiWOty7gd0I/

Mr Biden said he authorised the order to take down the terrorist leader.
“I authorised a precision strike that would remove him from the battlefield once and for all," he said.

https://nypost.com/2022/08/01/who-is-ay … er-killed/

https://ca.news.yahoo.com/ayman-al-zawa … 29445.html

https://news.sky.com/story/al-qaeda-lea … s-12663891
July 2022

The first time the world heard of him was when he stood in a courtroom cage after the assassination of Egyptian President Anwar al-Sadat in 1981.

In 1993, al-Zawahiri traveled to the United States, where he addressed several California mosques under his Abdul Mu'iz pseudonym, relying on his credentials from the Kuwaiti Red Crescent to raise money for Afghan children who had been injured by Soviet land mines—he raised only $2000.

In 1999, an Egyptian military court sentenced Zawahiri to death in absentia.

In the years following bin Laden's death, U.S. air strikes killed a succession of Zawahiri's deputies, weakening the veteran Egyptian militant's ability to coordinate globally.

Last edited by Mars_B4_Moon (2022-08-01 18:27:08)

Mars_B4_Moon · 2024-03-04 06:21:02

Antarctica provides at least $276 billion a year in economic benefits to the world, new research finds
https://theconversation.com/antarctica- … nds-223355

Space Exploration Initiative was a 1989–1993 space public policy initiative of Bush Senior, 41st President the George H. W. Bush administration plan to go to Mars by the next 25 or 30th anniversary of the Apollo 11?

they also planned stuff like Gateway, Lunar Orbiter Missions, Lunar Lander, Common Multi-National Lunar Program, Moon Base, Moon Station, Moon Village and Lunar Outpost program (FLO)

the price was outrageous and NASA got cuts again during Clinton's Admin, faster, better, cheaper strategy was applied to space science robotic exploration.

The Russians had an idea to send CCCP USSR govern system to Mars and colonize?
'The Future That Never Came'
https://www.drewexmachina.com/2015/03/0 … came-mars/
Mars 1994

In late 1989, the Soviet government approved a three hundred million ruble (about 450 million dollar) program called Mars 1994. The goal of the Mars 1994 mission is to place two spacecraft in orbit around Mars which will deploy landers and balloons to make direct measurements of the Martian surface. The orbiters will employ their own instruments to make remote observations from space. Like the Vega and Phobos missions, the Soviets intend to make this a cooperative scientific program which will involve France, many Eastern European nations, and the United States. While most of the spacecraft’s instruments and many of the mission details remain to be determined, a fairly clear picture of the Mars 1994 mission is emerging, thanks in part to the new “openness” of the Soviets.

next the collapse of the USSR

and before this

Wernher von Braun’s Martian Chronicles
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/ … s-9845747/
In 1954, a special issue of Collier’s magazine envisioned a ten-ship flotilla to the red planet

Cold War era, proxy war and Space Race was a decades long period of geopolitical tension between the United States and Allies with France kind of Western and the East side the Soviet Union, USSR and their respective allies, the Western Capitalism Bloc and the Eastern Atheist Marxist Socialism Bloc. There were all kinds of contests also psychological warfare, feats of engineering, propaganda campaigns, sports diplomacy etc the East supported anti-Western dictator governments and revolutionary types and smaller tyrant dicators of smaller kingdoms and nations that would overthrow a government and the West had included support for anti-communist, islamist and right-wing dictatorships, governments, some non aligned got caught up in conflicts and many became Third World battlefields in the Cold War. Some say Nixon was a bad President but also praise Nixon's foreign policy and Sino-Soviet split was the gradual deterioration of relations between the Russians and Chinese. There was also a media broadcasting war with Soviet and Eastern Bloc authorities used various methods to suppress Western broadcasts, including radio jamming. The ColdWar with 'The West' it probably starts with Soviet leader Joseph Stalin occupying and controlling nations, perhaps ends with the Fall of the USSR, some argue we are in a second 'Cold War 2 point zero'.

New Mars Forums

Announcement

#26 2008-04-05 08:44:12

Re: War

#27 2021-09-09 17:59:10

Re: War

#28 2021-09-10 03:55:48

Re: War

#29 2021-09-14 17:48:58

Re: War

#30 2021-10-06 12:39:52

Re: War

#31 2021-11-19 07:53:22

Re: War

#32 2022-03-12 03:56:22

Re: War

#33 2022-04-17 07:46:34

Re: War

#34 2022-04-20 09:40:24

Re: War

#35 2022-04-20 14:50:42

Re: War

#36 2022-07-28 04:17:25

Re: War

#37 2022-08-01 18:18:32

Re: War

#38 2024-03-04 06:21:02

Re: War

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