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#51 2024-09-10 16:02:30

kbd512
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Re: RobertDyck Postings

tahanson43206,

There's not much in aviation that's truly been standardized, because interoperability is not typically vitally important.  There's no global or near-global standard for jet fuel.  One would think that would be critically important for airliners that routinely fly between continents and refuel using different grades of kerosene with different additives packages.  Here in North / South America we mostly use Jet-A.  In Europe, they typically use the more highly refined Jet-A1.  The additives can be very different across North America.  Canada uses a very healthy amount of additive to inhibit freezing.  In Texas or Mexico?  Not quite as much.  Any jet operates in frigid temperatures, but ground handling and fuel temperature dictate that the fuel cannot have the consistency of maple syrup.  As long as the base fuel stock is nominally a kerosene derivative with additives that won't allow the fuel to congeal at low temperatures, jet engines the world over don't seem to have much of an issue with converting whatever grade of kerosene is available into noise.

As far as the space suit interoperability issues are concerned, if NASA is ultimately paying for these development efforts, and in every case of a suit flown in space they most certainly are, one would hope that they have the forethought to enforce interoperability standards in the suit design specifications before money is handed out.  Not being able to plug your O2 hose into a Starliner or Dragon capsule after a disaster forces a change of plans seems like a really dumb way to die.

I don't know all of RobertDyck's opinions on this, but I think he and I generally agree that mechanical counter-pressure suits remain the lightest and most versatile of the available options.  While they are the most highly tailored-to-fit suits, and can be somewhat uncomfortable in a high pressure atmosphere, they also provide the greatest range of motion and manual dexterity for minimal effort / calorie burn on the part of the wearer.  Manual dexterity is the difference between someone being able to complete fine motor manipulation tasks quickly and easily, or clumsily fumbling about for extended periods of time.  From talking to the man who repaired the Hubble Space Telescope, that task could've gone a bit faster if merely grasping the tools wasn't a chore.  Emergency escape / depressurization protection aside, the entire reason for having EVA suits is to accomplish fine manipulation tasks using human hands, in the vacuum of space.  This suit design serves both purposes, with additional temperature protection added as required.  None of the current space suits are really suitable for that sort of manipulation.  They're all beautified "gas bags".

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#52 2024-09-20 05:56:34

tahanson43206
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Re: RobertDyck Postings

For RobertDyck re new post in Thermal Management topic

Thanks for this very nice addition to the topic!

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#53 2024-09-20 17:34:33

tahanson43206
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Re: RobertDyck Postings

For RobertDyck...
https://newmars.com/forums/viewtopic.ph … 02#p226702
News from SpaceNut..
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#54 2024-10-09 18:00:27

tahanson43206
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Re: RobertDyck Postings

For RobertDyck re recent fusion initiative....

One of the benefits of a forum like this one is the support that can be provided for innovative thinking.

Not every member of a forum like this one is inclined to provide support, but a few are, from time to time.

In the case of your recent initiative, I think the opportunity is there for some learning experiences, because fusion is itself such a deep field, in which multiple generations of the world's brightest people have made incremental gains but are still far from a working solution.

You started out with an observation about the behavior of matter interacting in sound waves.  From this, it appears to me you might have extrapolated to the field of atomic fusion.  I offered you the opportunity to begin the learning process by finding the velocity that a deuterium atom must have in order for it to overcome the atomic force of the nucleus of another such atom.  If you are able to find that velocity, it would make a great (valuable) addition to the topic you created.

I think of this forum as a place where readers who are not members can find thoughtful discussion of often difficult subjects.

There's a lot of lighter content in the forum, without a doubt, but topics with serious titles have at least the potential to become resources for learning.

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#55 2024-10-12 06:10:56

tahanson43206
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Re: RobertDyck Postings

For RobertDyck re conversation with Calliban about the future...

https://newmars.com/forums/viewtopic.ph … 17#p227217

Thanks for that thoughtful reminder of the positive influence of the Star Trek franchise.

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#56 2024-10-14 14:16:06

tahanson43206
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Re: RobertDyck Postings

For RobertDyck re Thanksgiving in Canada!

Thanks for the reports of you and your girl friend preparing for the Day!

Best wishes for success with dinner preparations!

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#57 2024-10-18 06:14:33

tahanson43206
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Re: RobertDyck Postings

For RobertDyck re opportunities for follow up ...

Off the top...
How'd the turkey turn out?
What is new about the scanners you installed?
And how did the installation go?
The fusion topic had a promising opening and then went into stealth mode.
What I'm hoping someone will add to the topic is the velocity a deuterium atom must have to penetrate the defenses of another deuterium atom.
Large Ship ... GW Johnson has posted a design for a counter-rotating Aldrin Cycler... He decided NOT to adopt your recommendation for the Mars equivalent environment.  His argument is basically that 1 G and 1 STM are what his customers expect so he'll provide it.

I think your argument, in favor of a Mars Environment from the outset for ** all ** deep space missions is strong on multiple points:
1) No pre-breath for space suit excursions
2) Less stress on the interior of the vessel due to 1/2 the pressure
3) Less stress on the structure due to Mars equivalent gravity
4) Less loss due to leaks because of 1/2 pressure.

There may be other points I've missed.

However, this ** is ** an opportunity for you to study GW's design to see if there is anything you want to consider for Large Ship.

I think you'll find that chances of funding will improve if you adopt a counter rotating design. Potential captains will appreciate the stability that design offers.

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#58 2024-11-20 08:06:48

tahanson43206
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Re: RobertDyck Postings

For RobertDyck re testing of new FluBB web site...

Please log into the new system at http://newmars.com/new/

Please post a message there to confirm you were able to log in, and to report your observations.

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#59 2024-11-22 09:49:41

tahanson43206
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Re: RobertDyck Postings

For RobertDyck re new posts ...

Thanks for the posts in mid-November 2024...

The ballistic missile launch from Russia to Ukraine is certainly a provocation.

I saw news reports recently that Russia has instructed it's citizens to build bomb shelters.

***
The reminder of NASA study of gravity simulation with rotation was ** really ** interesting. 

Management of the forces involved would probably require technology not available at the time.

Even today, using the rigid baton design GW Johnson has published would be difficult to manage.

Such a system would  most certainly need active computer control of the center of gravity.

I'll take a look to see if the forum has a topic for such a system.

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#60 2024-11-23 16:14:46

tahanson43206
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Re: RobertDyck Postings

For RobertDyck re post in huamans topic ....

Thanks for that timely reminder of MOOSE.  It sure would be appropriate now, if Sunni were willing to trust her life to it.

It's good to see you back on the board recently!

Please consider logging into the new system and posting a message there.

With any luck, kbd512 will carry the system over the last hurdle this weekend.

You can still see it with the Air and Earth bug, if you want to.

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#61 2024-11-28 18:35:37

tahanson43206
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Re: RobertDyck Postings

For RobertDyck re series in the Diet topic...

You are really on a roll, and I am delighted to have (inadvertently) provided a venue that inspires your interest!

I will try to update the index post #2, but I may fall behind.  I started that index post idea in hopes it would allow us to make our forum more useful for readers, but I can see that it would take nearly a full time volunteer to keep up with the flow if things become more active.

You may recall I created an index to Large Ship at one point.  That is a model for what is possible, if we had volunteers interested in doing the work.

Regarding your worry about methanol .... I think this is well worth serious study.  My hypothesis is that nature must take toxic molecules as input to complex molecules, and I'll bet that methanol is such a basic building block it must feed into any number of molecule construction processes. 

In addition, at this point, no one in this forum has confessed to actually studying the Chinese work. For all we know, the methanol molecule may be a convenient temporary storage form to hold the atoms needed to make desirable molecules

In addition, no one in this forum has confessed to knowing anything about starch.

The questions that come to ** my ** mind are: How does nature make starch?  How do the Chinese make starch from methanol? 

You've sung the praises of ethanol on several occasions in this forum, and I believe those praises are justified. How difficult would it be to make ethanol from water and carbon dioxide?

What I'm interested in is the possibility of eliminating the dependency on the natural companions we enjoy and share on Earth. You've shown how peas can provide us with needed molecules, and that work is important.  It may even be essential for human survival away from Earth. I would like to see an option available to enable humans to survive without the web of life that sustains us today.

Survival is one thing. Enjoying living is something else.  The natural world we enjoy on Earth provides a rich tapestry of experiences that give most humans moments of happiness that sustain their well being.   It seems likely to me that humans are going to want to recreate the rich assortment of living things that surround us on Earth, wherever they go in future centuries.

What I'm interested in is finding a set of procedures that sever the dependency.   We see an example of what that might look like when we take  a voyage or a journey and take all our supplies with us. 

What I'm proposing is NOT in competition with all the natural molecules your posts celebrate, but instead, is intended as a conceptual equivalent of C rations for US military in deployment situations.

It seems to me that the Chinese investigation of production of starch from water and CO2 is a good start.

Calliban's reporting of acetate for plant growth is something a bit different.  That appears to be a way of growing normal plants without any or much photosynthesis.

At the same time, your proposals for taking advantage of abundant sunlight by growing plants in Large Ship are something I'm hoping our NewMars members will encourage and hopefully implement at some point.

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#62 2024-11-29 20:36:22

tahanson43206
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Re: RobertDyck Postings

For RobertDyck re interesting post in Diet topic...

Please glance at this post: http://newmars.com/forums/viewtopic.php … 30#p174230

It occurred to me to add a direct link to a post that I've added to the index for a topic.

It seems to me the recipe you've shown would stand on it's own, if we had a topic for recipe's for Mars dwellers.

Aside from the spices, which may require a bit of special effort to grow, it looks to me as though the ingredients in Egypt's National Dish ought to be growable on Mars above or below ground.

We do not currently have an active member who is interested in nutrition ** and ** in agriculture, but we sure do have plenty of opportunity for someone who might join the group in order to expand those interests.

I recognize that you are interested in ** both ** those topics, but your interests cover so many ** other ** specialties you can only afford a bit of time for each of them.

Let's take the recipe an element at a time:

1) lentils ... It seems to me these have to be grown from seed. However, surface or underground options might work

If we had a volunteer who wanted to devote every waking hour to thinking about how this could be done on Mars, we might eventually get somewhere. Calliban has offered a hint that it might be possible to grow some plants with acetate as a primary food source.  I'd like to see investigation if lentils could be grown this way.

2) cumin ... I'm familiar with cumin as a powder but do not know it's source.  My guess it is a plant native to India.

In any case, if humans on Mars want cumin, someone needs to figure out how to grow it. 

3) garlic ... OK ... a plant that grows underground

This should grow in a suitable environment on Mars. I'd like to see study of both surface and underground options.

4) bay leaf .... a plant that grows above ground ...

This should grow in a suitable environment on Mars. I'd like to see study of both surface and underground options.

5) rice ... a plant that grows above ground in a paddy that is flooded with water

Rice might be a candidate for hydroponics ....

6) vegetable oil .... Hoo Boy!  There'd be a lot of time and effort needed to satisfy ** that ** ingredient

This category should grow in a suitable environment on Mars. I'd like to see study of both surface and underground options.

7) vegetable stock ... Amazing how something so basic will need a complex set of precursors

This should grow in a suitable environment on Mars. I'd like to see study of both surface and underground options.

8) Macaroni -- flour .... wheat ... Efforts to grow wheat in non-traditional soil substitutes have not yet been successful, as far as I know

This should grow in a suitable environment on Mars. I'd like to see study of both surface and underground options.

9) Tomatoes .... these ** should ** be growable on Mars

This should grow in a suitable environment on Mars. I'd like to see study of both surface and underground options.

10) onion --- another underground vegetable like garlic

This should grow in a suitable environment on Mars. I'd like to see study of both surface and underground options.

11) red wine vinegar .... apples or grapes .... both would require lots of space regardless of how they are grown

This should grow in a suitable environment on Mars. I'd like to see study of both surface and underground options.

12) Bharat spice blend .... interesting .... see addendum below

This should grow in a suitable environment on Mars. I'd like to see study of both surface and underground options.

13) red chili flakes ... Above ground plant ...

This should grow in a suitable environment on Mars. I'd like to see study of both surface and underground options.

Summary: In this one dish, you (RobertDyck) have encapsulated a significant fraction of the agricultural establishment that is needed for a satisfying and nourishing meal on Mars (or anywhere, for that matter).

Addendum for Baharat:

Baharat Ingredients
The ingredients in baharat are:

Black peppercorns
Cumin seeds
Coriander seeds
Whole cloves
Cardamom seeds
Paprika
Ground cinnamon
Ground nutmeg
Note that we’re using whole spices.  There is simply no comparison between using pre-ground and toasting and grinding your own whole spices.

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#63 2024-11-30 08:22:55

tahanson43206
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Re: RobertDyck Postings

For RobertDyck...

Inspired by your renewed writing on foods that would be desirable (as well as necessary) on Mars, I've created a new Project topic for someone (probably a new member) to use to report on development of plans for a reliable greenhouse design for Mars. 

I've picked up on the estimate of 400 square meters per person of greenhouse space, as recently published by Calliban.

This is a size (4 meters by 10) that seems "human sized" to me.  These greenhouses would be mostly tended by robots (supervised by remote control by humans), and they would tend to specialize but to include a variety of plants that nurture/support each other.

By building lots of greenhouses this size, Mars residents will reduce the flow/distribution of pathogens, and thus improve the reliability of the greenhouse system.

Mass production of components will allow for optimization of production costs.

Humans tending these plots will gain knowledge and skill that is immediately transferable to plots that run into trouble.

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#64 2024-11-30 22:01:24

tahanson43206
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Re: RobertDyck Postings

For RobertDyck re post .... http://newmars.com/forums/viewtopic.php … 13#p228213

Thanks for the review of the Three Sisters (and their relatives)...

I went back to the top of the topic, and found you had engaged with Louis in a sort-of debate about soil vs hydroponics.

My impression is that at the time (a number of Earth years ago) you did not know about perchlorates, or you would surely have mentioned it.

This may be a good time for you to review your opening of that topic, to see if you might make changes based upon new knowledge.

Reminder... Logins to this forum will be disabled at Noon New Hampshire time.  I'm planning to post live updates on the phpBB3 site we set up for evaluation.

It actually is a pretty nice site, but the folks working on the problem decided to stay with FluxBB.  I think that is a good decision for the long run, because we now "own" the software and can add new features after the conversion is complete.

We've received some support for a like feature, and I've recently thought how nice it would be to be able to change the time period of the Active lookup.

There may be other features we'd like to consider, at some point.

In any case, we should be back online a few hours after we start, and you'll be able to continue adding content to the various topics you've invested in over the years.

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#65 2024-12-01 18:46:36

tahanson43206
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Re: RobertDyck Postings

For RobertDyck ...

kbd512 and I are online in Google Meeting if you want to join.

Use the link at the top of the Google topic.

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#66 2024-12-06 10:00:11

tahanson43206
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Re: RobertDyck Postings

For RobertDyck re "organic"

I was under the impression you were advocating "natural" as opposed to "synthetic" food production.

I asked Google to look up the meaning of the word "organic" and it appears you may have a different understanding of the word, or, it may be that your chloroplasts are indeed genetically modified.  I vaguely recall your having stated something along those lines in the past.

If your chloroplasts are indeed genetically modified, then I accept the correction.

if the chloroplasts are NOT genetically modified, and they are grown in sterile water, then they are grown without pesticides or synthetic chemicals.

I'm looking forward to your clarification...

Here is what Google came up with:

Search Labs | AI Overview
Learn more
Organic food is food that is grown and processed according to specific guidelines that limit the use of synthetic chemicals and genetically modified components:

    Soil: The soil must be free of prohibited substances, such as most synthetic fertilizers and pesticides, for three years before harvest.

Animals: Animals must be raised in conditions that meet their natural behaviors, fed 100% organic feed, and not given antibiotics or hormones.
Farming methods: Organic producers use natural substances and physical, mechanical, or biologically based farming methods.
Additives: The use of additives is limited.

Genetic engineering: Genetic engineering is avoided.

To be labeled organic, a product must be produced through approved methods by the USDA.
Organic farming has several benefits, including:

    Environmental benefits: Organic farming is better for the environment than conventional farming.

Nutritional benefits: Organic foods may contain higher levels of certain nutrients, including vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, and omega-3 fatty acids.

    Organic 101: What the USDA Organic Label Means
    Mar 22, 2012 — USDA certified organic foods are grown and processed according to federal guidelines addressing, among many factors, s...
    USDA

Organic food - Better Health Channel
Organic farming is the production of food without the use of synthetic chemicals or genetically modified components. Organic foods...

Better Health Channel
Is Organic Food Really Better for You?
Production of USDA-certified organic foods must meet a very specific set of standards, including minimal use of chemicals in pesti...
ycp.edu

    Show all

Generative AI is experimental.

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#67 2024-12-08 07:21:02

tahanson43206
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Re: RobertDyck Postings

For RobertDyck re welcome reminder of your earlier work sizing crops for a 12 person team at Mars....

https://newmars.com/forums/viewtopic.ph … 80#p228380

The sizing seems low based upon insolation.  To secure the Earth equivalent insolation, you'll need banks of mirrors, as described in other posts. Would it be fair to double or triple the land use to account for those? 

Your Earth based comparison necessarily assumes equivalent soil, water supply and drainage. but those would presumably not add to the land requirement.

It seems to me reasonable to plan growing operations here on Earth for delivery to Mars, and that is something a NewMars member might tackle, if there is time and the work is of interest.

In other topics, GW Johnson has published details for landing craft able to meet NASA's target of 40 tons per lander.

The latest iteration uses an adaptation of Void's idea, so that cargo is carried in fold-out pods that also serve as legs to secure a lander from toppling over on uneven terrain.  Thus, your greenhouse plan might be divided into four 10 ton segments.

The volume you need for each pod would be useful feedback to GW Johnson, to size the pods with respect to the lander.

For simplicity, I'd like to suggest delivering everything you need to set up a greenhouse in one lander shipment, if possible.

In other words, assume everything except CO2 has to come from Earth.

Machinery to dig trenches or otherwise mold the landscape would be shipped in other landers.

It would be helpful for planners of those shipments to know what you need.

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#68 2024-12-08 17:07:39

GW Johnson
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Re: RobertDyck Postings

I could not make the 4 fold-out shipping containers around a single core work.  I ended up with 2 shipping containers side-by-side with a shipping container-sized space in between them.  I had room to put 3 rocket cores in that space,  and did not get hoverable thrust,  until I used 3 smaller engines on each core.  The shipping containers are the landing pads.  It's got the low cg height at touchdown,  and would be capable for very rough-field landings on very soft sand dunes.

There has to be a foldable pair of heat shield doors between the two containers,  that folds out of the way to let the engines fire,  without flipping the vehicle (there isn't time for that,  not at a ballistic coefficient near 1000 kg/sq.m,  nor is there any time to use chutes).  If the transfer stage does the departure and course corrections,  then the cargo lander need only make the deceleration burn after the direct aerobraking entry,  and finally to touchdown.  I used storable propellants,  and got a 115 ton item containing some 39 tons of deliverable cargo inside the two shipping containers. 

The shipping containers open on one end,  right at ground level.  Easy to unload either manually,  or with the analog to a forklift. 

It's 1-way only.  Not at all reusable.  Although the transfer stage could be. 

GW

Last edited by GW Johnson (2024-12-08 17:13:28)


GW Johnson
McGregor,  Texas

"There is nothing as expensive as a dead crew,  especially one dead from a bad management decision"

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#69 2024-12-09 15:36:20

tahanson43206
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Re: RobertDyck Postings

For RobertDyck re new Large Ship post in Components topic ...

It is good to see you engaged with the Large Ship again, after a breather to catch a second wind.

FYI ... we have resources available in the archive, and certainly online.  it turns out that gyroscopes for satellite orientation are NOT set on X, Y and Z exclusively. A fourth wheel is often added as backup.  The mathematics of orientation is more complicated, but the result is greater long term reliability.

I took a quick look and we do not have a topic specifically about gyroscope use for space vehicle orientation.

It may be time to add one in the Science Category.

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#70 2024-12-24 19:25:49

tahanson43206
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Re: RobertDyck Postings

For RobertDyck re post kbd512 may have missed...

You would already know this, but for our members who are occasional visitors, and for all our non-member readers, the Projects Category is not visible to persons who are not logged in.  This is by design (per SpaceNut).  The intent is to provide members a bit of privacy while they work on projects.  An example is the new book for which GW is collecting content to assemble into a full manuscript.  We want to be able to discuss the content with exposure to the NewMars community but not outside that very small group.

If you add something to a project, and kbd512 checks posts while not logged in, then he would not see it.

In that case, you could use the kbd512 Postings topic to reach him directly to let him know of your Projects post.

It takes years to change a culture such as NewMars, so I'm not expecting instantaneous adoption of the structure SpaceNut and I've been working on for five+ years, but little by little there are hints of change.

While I'm here in your personal topic, thanks again for your boost to the Venus topic(s) and to so many others over the years.

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#71 2024-12-27 07:30:26

tahanson43206
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Re: RobertDyck Postings

For RobertDyck re new work in Greenhouse in Projects...

It is encouraging to see you and kbd512 working on this project.  In 2025 there is a chance of significant progress.

If there is a forum reader who would like to contribute to development of plans for a solar illuminated greenhouse on Mars, and is not currently a member, please see the Recruiting topic for procedure.

It should be possible to test all the hardware elements on Earth, and to confirm the feasibility of the overall design.

Unlike existing greenhouses on Earth, the Mars version must hold pressure, but the Mars version will not be subject to severe rain storm activity.

****
Special to RobertDyck .... On the chance you may not have time to read all of kbd512's posts in recent times, he's been thinking about collecting photons with methods other than mirrors.

Your concept for illuminating the greenhouses depends upon mirrors.

kbd512 is investigating the option of collecting photons using specially designed optical forms and routing them to where they are needed using optical fiber.

This method may not be useful on Mars for above-ground greenhouses, but since most inhabited spaces will be below ground for radiation protection, this method may prove helpful for bringing outside illumination into those spaces.

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#72 2024-12-27 11:04:38

RobertDyck
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Re: RobertDyck Postings

kbd512 is talking about underground greenhouses? Do I have to argue against that? Where is this discussion? Mars is a planet without a breathable atmosphere. I have argued for multiple systems for oxygen and water, based on different principles, and with components that can be mixed-and-matched in many ways. However they all have a single point of failure: power. If power fails, settlers have only stored air and oxygen, with very limited duration. There is one method that continues to produce oxygen in complete power failure: plants in a greenhouse. If that is illuminated by artificial light, it is dependent on the same single point of failure. Fibre optics requires a parabolic mirror to track the sun and reflect light into the optical fibres. The tracking system requires power, so you again have dependence on the same single point of failure. I argue for greenhouses on the surface that use ambient light. This reduces power required, so power can be reserved for industry. Crops that thrive on Earth in shade or indirect light can grow in a simple greenhouse. However crops that require full sun on Earth will require mirrors to concentrate light on Mars. The reason for using flat mirrors is to ensure they do not have to track the sun. As the sun rises in the east, crosses the sky during the day, and sets in the west, light will reflect off the flat mirrors into a different part of the greenhouse, but always within the greenhouse. An individual plat will receive light from one part of the mirror at dawn, a different part an dusk, but always illuminated until the sun sets. Mirrors will have to be adjusted for seasons, but 1° every 14 Mars solar days. That's so little that in case of power failure a Mars settler could go outside in a spacesuit to adjust mirrors by hand if necessary. And that's by design.

Radiation on Mars is not that much. Anyone so afraid that he doesn't want to go outside is not the right person for Mars. Heavy ion GCR is nasty because light shielding can split heavy Iona into multiple smaller ions, creating multiple tracks through a human body instead of just one. Basically turning a high calibre bullet into a shotgun blast.  So light shielding can make it worse. But Mars atmosphere will block 98% of that type of radiation just by choosing a low altitude location such as the bottom of the dried-up ocean. Radiation from the sun is lower energy and mostly proton. Most gets through to Mars surface, but it's easily blocked by Mars dirt. However total radiation is only 1/4 that of ISS. A settler on Mars would want to restrict time outside to 40 hours per week (7 Mars solar days), but that's a work week. Time in an ambient light greenhouse counts as time outside. But plants are more hardy, they don't have the sophisticated membranes that mammals do. So plants are not vulnerable to radiation. High intensity radiation from a coronal mass ejection (CME) could kill a crop. A seed bank must be maintained in an underground storage room, but that's all.

I was part of the Mars Homestead Project, phase 1, in 2005. It included a tall atrium burries deep in a hillside. A parabolic mirror would shine light into a light pipe that would direct light to the apex of a groin arch in the atrium. Each groin arch would have one. Ceiling of the arch would have a light diffuser to diffuse light through the space. The atrium would include plants including trees, but these were decorative, to create a pleasant environment. They were not expected to supply any significant amount of food or oxygen. In case of power failure, the tracking mechanism would stop. With no power for artificial light and no sun tracking to supply sunlight to the light pipe, the atrium would go dark. But apartments were designed with a window, and greenhouses would use ambient light.

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#73 2024-12-27 18:35:30

tahanson43206
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Registered: 2018-04-27
Posts: 20,046

Re: RobertDyck Postings

For RobertDyck...

First, thanks for the posts you are contributing to the Project Category.

Reminder for NewMars members ... to see RobertDyck's work, please log in. The Project topic will show up.

Second, I understand you are too busy to read posts by kbd512.  For one thing, there are a lot of them, and they tend to be long.

It is understandable that you would not realize that the light that kbd512 is studying would most definitely NOT be touched by a mirror of any kind.

That is ancient technology, which I understand you were a part of creating.  It would probably work, but since it depends upon steerable mirrors, it would be dependent upon reliable power. 

kbd512 is investigating a variation that may not be possible, so I am not claiming it ** is ** possible.  If kbd512 can find a solution, then the light will be collected from a surface, similar in size to a solar panel array. The difference is how the photons are to be used.

A solar panel array converts some of the photons into the energy of moving electrons.

A photon collection array (if it is possible) would collect nearly 100% (on the order of 95%) of arriving photons for conversion to thermal energy.

Thus, an underground greenhouse would be served by light that is simply re-routed from the surface to the underground facility, much as your post about the early study proposed for interior lighting.

****
For NewMars readers....  RobertDyck has been adding posts to the Greenhouse topic in the Projects Category.

That topic is up to post #14, with a reprise of an earlier post about coffee, as amended.

***
Your repeating reminder of basics is valuable and I appreciate your taking the time.  On this occasion I am responding to your reminder that planning for Mars needs to include provision for sustaining life when technology fails.  Life off Earth is going to be dependent upon technology.  Mars is more forgiving than most locations in the Solar System are going to be, because it allows your vision of a surface greenhouse to produce oxygen when all other sources of power fail to stand up.  Perhaps a variation of your idea for Mars might work on other bodies such as the Moon, but the radiation influx there is worse.

I'd like to see your ideas put into practice on Earth.  The top of a dry mountain, or an elevated plateau such as might be found in Chili, would seem to me appropriate for a serious ground truth experiment. The gravity is greater than Mars, but I don't think gravity is a decisive factor in plant cultivation.

It might even turn out that produce grown in greenhouses in such locations on Earth would have economic value.  I'm thinking here of you post(s) on coffee. Coffee prices are likely to go up due to climate change and human conflict.  Please take a look at that part of your vision, to see if there might be potential for funding Mars research by growing crops on Earth in locations where crops are not otherwise possible.

(th)

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#74 2024-12-27 20:55:39

kbd512
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Registered: 2015-01-02
Posts: 7,982

Re: RobertDyck Postings

RobertDyck,

Even if you produce sufficient O2 using plants alone, to supply all of the colonists with O2, at some point you still need pumping power to circulate air for removal of CO2 and return of fresh air into all the pressurized living spaces.  Maybe there's some sort of natural convective system capable of operating at near-vacuum pressures, but that would be absolutely huge by necessity.  Running out of pumping power is not an option, even when plants provide all of the O2 required and soak up all of the colonists' CO2.  An adult requires about 550L of O2 per day, which means bamboo (up to 40,000L per plant per day, so 13,750 bamboo plants for 1M colonists) or algae (1kg algae per 1kg of O2, in 1,000L of water, so perhaps unrealistic for 1M colonists) is likely the best option for O2 production, rather than food crops, which must be harvested for human consumption at some point.  Every bit helps, though.

Tell me what kind of natural power system you had in mind to circulate the air, remove the contaminants, and filter the water.  Here on Earth, we use massive amounts of pumping power inside buildings where the air is "free".  Some type of huge atmospheric trompe (perhaps using Argon to entrain and compress CO2) or a thermal power system is still required.  Both are the simplest kinds of pumps that we know of, but nobody is surviving on Mars, long-term, without reliable pumping power.  A trompe has no moving parts, apart from the working fluids, and uses gravity to supply input power.  I can envision that providing the pumping power if you object to the reliability of solar thermal or nuclear thermal power plants, both of which are high performance highly engineered systems that can and will fail at some point, despite being more simplistic and reliable than electronically-regulated electrical systems.

The tracking system requires power, so you again have dependence on the same single point of failure.

heliodiagram.jpg

HelioDrive Data Sheet

The input power comes from sunlight itself.  The device shown above is non-electrical.  That means it cannot fail due to an electrical short circuit.  It will never be quite as precise as an electronics-based system and doesn't respond quite as fast, but that tiny thing can generate a huge amount of torque using heat from sunlight.  It would require periodic cleaning / dust removal, as would any other device using sunlight as the input energy source, and it is substantially heavier compared to an electronic tracker.

Ultimately, every answer to "running out of power" resolves to the same fundamental answer as it relates to "running out of food / water / air".  You create multiple independent stores / reserves of food, water, air, and thermal power.

I 100% agree with your underlying premise that we cannot generate or collect sufficient power, in a way that comes to terms with the severe mass and volume constraints related to shipping anything to Mars, to run absolutely everything off of imported power generation.  However, maintaining sufficient pumping power is a hard requirement.

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#75 2025-01-05 07:22:09

tahanson43206
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Registered: 2018-04-27
Posts: 20,046

Re: RobertDyck Postings

For RobertDyck re https://newmars.com/forums/viewtopic.ph … 00#p228900

Thank you for this helpful addition to the new topic about planar photon collection.

If you have time and the subject is of interest, please develop your contribution a bit further by considering kbd512's idea in light of your post about how optical fibers work.

As you noted, the spectrum dislocation is irrelevant for a power application, but capturing as much incident spectrum as possible is a concern.

It appears there may be an angle that is ideal for the freeway-side-entrance idea to work, but I wonder if there is a requirement to insure the optical fiber that performs the 90 degree bend is long enough?

It appears that major universities near me and near kbd512 have advance optics research departments.

By any chance is there such a university near you?

It would be helpful to find someone already doing research along these lines.

I doubt anyone on Earth is thinking about the deep space energy collection problem using optical fiber, but on the other hand, if folks in an online forum can think of this, then surely folks doing the actual research would be thinking about applications beyond communications.

There may be patents already granted in this field. I think it is highly likely that work on merging photon flow from the side is covered.

From my perspective, that is not a problem, because the IP can be licensed, and the cost of the license is surely a fraction of the cost of the research needed, and in any case the customer is going to be paying the bill.

Light collecting planes such as we are considering here would surely be useful on Earth as competition for solar panels and mirror systems.

Thanks again for your post!

(th)

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