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I didn't know 20 years was many generations. Proposals have been developed using today's technology for a fusion drive.
Plasma sails also have their risks. Degrading materials, subject to space debris, ultra thin, electromagnetic field (a radiation risk in itself), and others.
The tether-generated electricity aspect interests me less because interplanetary travel has ongoing electrical power needs, and a variety of less-dodgy techniques are available such as thermal-electrics and solar-cells.
A reactor is far more assured than solar cells. A rock hits the wrong spot and yourp power is gone. Heat released by fusion/fission is far more predictable than space debris!
I was intrigued to read that the plasma sail would expand in direct proportion with the inverse-square law, maintaining constant thrust, opening up more of the system to exploration, in all directions from the Sun.
What about this gives it an advantage over the superior payload/power capabilities of fusion (or to a lesser extent, fission)?
A fusion NEO buster could use ice from the object to propel it away, as well.
What about for asteroid belt->Mars/Earth ships? Would cargo points make sense? Refuel in orbit, and go back out to the belt?
Fusion research in space makes no sense, since making a vacuum is the least of their problems, and constructing a reactor in space is impossible at this point.
I assume here you mean doing the physical research and construction in space is pointless, not using fusion drives in space?
Can I have a link to that page-or is there a more clear copy of that image (or a similar graph to the same effect)? It's kind of blurred.
Well, Tokamak is another concept for a magnetic confinement drive. But the huge Tokamak's are also designed for electricity production, which would be great for a spaceship, but not a requirement.
A spacedrive would simply need heat to propel the propellant out of the ship-the hotter, the better. It's not really all that hypothetical, the concept has been applied, it just hasn't been sustained. It works on the same basic concept as a power reactor, only we are generating thrust instead of electricity. It's similar to an NTR in method. The difference is that fusion is being used, and the magnets are used to confine the reaction.
For fusion, I can't really say what a vaccuum would do. I know isp would be higher, but that only accentuates fusion's strength compared to today's systems. It's real potential is for an interplanetary, high speed, high payload freighter, with the drive also powering the ship. They have been called the interplanetary freighters of the 21st century.
They could cycle back and forth between planets without landing, bring huge payloads at high speed, and refuel at stops.
I was only half serious. Don't take it too personally.
Fusion: I like it, I like it...it's just that no one (including Soph) seems to know how to go about it. I wish you would go into the technique(s) for engineering a propulsion package before assuming any partiality on my part. I have always adopted do-able engineering solutions, when required, while looking foreward to something better, when available. Not being a scientist, I can't afford to pipe-dream. Back to you.
A fusion drive would be relatively simple in theory. You have a fusion chamber, superheated, with plasma "mirrors" bordering the chamber. Fusion takes place in the chamber, and the plasma is magnetically confined, releasing huge amounts of heating, propelling hydrogen out of the back.
In addition, at the nozzle end, the "mirror" is weakened, to allow some of the plasma out as propellant. The hydrogen is pumped through tubes bordering the chamber (there are basically three layers-chamber, hydrogen or water pipes, and magnets), where it is superheated and ejected, producing lots of isp and possibly even thrust.
Looks like most people support the war, and an equal number fully support it as don't fully support it, or are against it.
Since you took some great joy over telling me that Saddam has obliged the UN in the latest round of sham charades.
Um, you yourself admited that the articles you sourced were op eds, and passed it off to your membership or whatever. So don't pretend they're the final say, here.
Indeed, relying on one source is quite naive, especially if that source is mostly journalistic opinion. One should note that I've already replied to your ?damning? NYT articles (to which you had no rebuttal). And funnily, your own articles showed that the majority of the EU (including potentials) is in favor of a more peaceful solution (of course, you'll dumb it down with rhetoric like they were ?threatened? and so on- which as I pointed out, only occured after the fact, and of course, you failed to respond to).
Yes, and you had no real argument that in any way proved them to be off the mark, except to yourself. You can try to pass yourself off as some genius diplomat, it ain't working.
So, I've got it. You're willing to support a dictator as long as the United States doesn't support them. I see.
And you can't drag up Gulf War I if you aren't willing to address that any past action of the U.S. is viewed in the most critical light possible, even Kosovo. It's rather funny.
All I care about is a peaceful resolution to a horrible problem (and so does a majority of the world). You are quite delusional when you say things like the first Gulf War didn't hurt anyone, considering that a huge majority of all Gulf War vetrerans have Gulf War syndrome (I can't recall if its due to uranium in our shells or what). And god knows how many Iraqi's died. To what ends? The annexation of the Rumaila oil field? Oh goodie! We certainly didn't instill any sort of democracy there, all we did is get a bunch of people killed, screwed over our rebel allies, and perhaps even created some terrorists in the process. Yay for us, I'm proud.
The "Gulf War Syndrome" was caused by Iraqi biological weapons, not uranium weapons, as some would try to proselytize. Saddam has used biological weapons against us in the past, too.
The war lasted a few weeks. I never said it didn't hurt anyone, don't put words in my mouth. It was a light war, and the U.S. steamrolled Iraq.
Really, we've been over all of this before, it's just circular, as it always is with you.
I guess you are under the impressions that "insults are a genuine contribution to a conversation."
Fusion is still a pipe dream, you shouldn't keep claiming advantages for--not exactly like so-called "anti-gravity," I admit, but for all intents and purposes, very "far out." Sorry.
Right, that's why ITER is set to make a 14x energy gain in 10 years.
Just because you don't like a technology, doesn't mean its a "pipe dream." We have drawn within a small margin of breakeven, thousands of times closer than we were a decade ago.
Your mentality is: I don't see it, therefore I will never see it.
And not to mention, those "goals" you listed from plasma sails are hardly achievable, at least a large number of them. Reevalutate your own pipe dreams before bashing the posts of others.
No, you haven't shown that at all, soph. We're on the race track and we're having another go, it seems! Just because nations take a peaceful route which could prove profitable in the future doesn't mean that they're insincere (especially, that, again, their position doesn't sway far from the USs). You've failed to show that magically they were. If you want to bring in sources (since you love your sources so much) where, say, France has said that they weren't going to go to war with Iraq for any reason, then certainly, I'll change my position, but that has not occured, and France would jump on the war bandwagon as soon as they felt it was necessary. I don't need to get sources, because for anyone who reads the news, and understands it, would know this.
Obviosly you hadn't seen the NYT articles I had sourced, but we don't want to actually call you on what you say.
No, France has only tried harder to divide the EU against the pro-war countries, harder than Bush has tried to promote the war. This was clearly shown in the articles I sourced, whether or not you want to continue to deny it.
The US is always deemed insincere when there's a profit to be made, so why is this any different? Europe is always held to a different standard. The North Korean conflict should bring this to a head-the treaty they claim we violated was in fact fulfilled by America. We built our reactor, Europe never built its reactor. Who gets blamed? I'll give you three guesses.
And I don't think you're making a fair example. This isn't a lose-lose for America. America needs to understand that they need world support to go in, and that unilateralism is a thing of the past. If America had world support (like they did in Kuwait), we wouldn't even be having this discussion.
It's not? America goes into Bosnia, they're demonized for their actions. They don't go into Sierra-Lione, and theyre demonized for that. They go into Somalia, to help distribute food for God's sake, and we can see what that led to.
If we go to war, we're wrong, but we'll be wrong if we don't go in either. Everybody wants us to be the world's cop, but they love to slam us when we don't meet their desires. We are a sovereign country, too. I don't see UN support for Chechnya.
And like I've said before, even those who want to get rid of Saddam, for the civilian population, aren't doing any good to cause a war. There are a hundred variables that could go wrong. And there is no evidence that a diplomatic route wouldn't be able to get rid of Saddam.
Saddam's toying around with the UN have shown exactly that any diplomatic route is gone. With war on the doorstep, Saddam continues to poke at the UN whenever he gets the chance. He hasn't complied with UN resolutions for the past 12 years, why should he step down as leader?
There were 100 variables that could go wrong in Gulf War I, but did they? No. The only variable that we failed to address was putting an end to Saddam.
My reply was actually to your two sentence reply to Alt's post
On the news, forget which station. I'll try and dig it up online.
Go ahead and have fun. It's not like it will affect me in any way.
You don't like me because I actually back up my points with sources, when you rant with endless assumptions.
You think it matters to me if some guy on the other side of a computer calls me AJ?
When I come up with a reply, you steamroll, or at least try poorly to, it with postulations. So why should I bother?
The UN isn't a sham, people just see what they want to see.
Kind of like you. But I disagree, as I have said and shown, the UN is just a parade ground for European power-mongers. Sure the US is "Big Brother," but the world expects us to be, and when we don't go in to countries to help, we're portrayed as "evil." So its a lose-lose for America anyway.
Those who want war and couldn't give a crap about the civilian population.
How about those who want war because, to a certain extent, Saddam is a dictator who oppresses his people while giving his friends and family palatial homes and palaces?
You chastise everyone for seeing it as black and white, but that's what you're reducing it to, and your claims are completely off the mark.
So these would be heating/power devices?
Robert: I was going over Zubrin's books, and I came across the Ares. He has two versions: big, and bigger. The larger one would have a payload capacity to LEO of the Saturn V, but probably be more cost effective, because it is mostly shuttle derived boosters.
It would send an NTR phase of 70 tonnes to Mars.
The smaller one is about 75% the cargo capacity of the Saturn V to LEO, and has a launch mass of 2/3 the Saturn V. This version would have a Mars payload of 47 tonnes, roughly the same as the Saturn's lunar payload.
It was the club's fault. The club knew that they were going to use pyrotechnics, said "ok" (on tape, no less), and then when the fire ignited, they fled, while Great White members bravely went back to help those trapped in the blaze.
Besides that, the club was over its legal occupation limit.
All liability here, in my view, rests on the club. A week before, a KISS cover band had used pyrotechnics, and Great White had obliged other clubs who had told them not to use pyrotechnics.
I believe so.
Yeah, now I know what's been missing, irrational anti-everything America does.
Our left-wing fanatic is back. Joy.
The same can be said for France. Or Germany. Or Belgium.
But then there's Poland, Spain, England, and our other allies that support the war. They just don't try to bully their European neighbors like some *cough*other*cough* countries.
Josh, it's plain English, I don't think I'm the one who's trying to twist a source here.
" However, in a letter received by the United Nations late Thursday, Iraq asked for talks on how the Al Samoud 2 missiles, should be destroyed.
The letter gives no indication that the destruction will begin ahead of the Saturday deadline given by Blix.
U.N. experts determined that the missiles have a range beyond the 150 kilometers (93 miles) allowed under U.N. resolutions.
In the letter, Iraq said it does not know how to destroy the weapons and wants a technical mission to discuss the details, and repeated its contention that the order is unfair. "
If they don't know how to destroy the weapons, how are they going to do it by Saturday?
Yes, I saw an article to that effect. You seemed to leave out that they won't be meeting the deadline.
It's just more toying with the UN and the US..."I won't, I won't, I won't....oh dear, it's a day before a deadline I can't make, I think I should!"
Deadlines are meaningless to Saddam. If he doesn't meet the deadline, too bad, that's his own fault.
And if he doesn't know how to destroy them, how did he destroy the rest of his weapons arsenal?
Once again, we have a strategic advantage, due to the distribution of American population, and the concentration of Chinese population along the coast.
I don't think the Chinese have any interest in a nuclear war, especially with their main trade partner. They would stand to lose their primary market and technological driver. They get a huge portion of their advanced tech from the U.S. To start a war with America would spell the end of their strengthening economy.
America would crush China in a war...it is simply not a contest. China simply doesn't have the air or naval capabilities to stand a war with America.
2 billion people are meaningless if they can't get over the ocean.
If you're a manager, regardless of who "screws up," and the demanded results don't get achieved, you're sacked.
Should we have relied on Dr. Mengele to dismantle the concentration camps?
The Nazi nuclear program was doomed, because they went the heavy water route...regardless of sabotage, they would have failed.