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In another topic, RobertDyck is thinking through the design options available for a passenger vehicle with a rotating habitat.
As of today (2020/09/30) (Sol 254 of Year 35) RobertDyck has defined a Rim Habitat of 238 meters circumference and width of 19 meters.
The current design (which could change) features two corridors of 1.5 meters width running in parallel around the entire circumference.
It has been established that a person running anti-spinward could reach a velocity (with respect to the rim) such that they could reduce their simulated gravity to zero, and float/fly free of contact with the surface. Because of drag of the atmosphere of the habitat, the person would only fly for a period of time, but there are sure to be competitions to see who can achieve the greatest "flight" time.
On the spinward corridor, the competition would be to see how much additional simulated gravity the person can achieve.
While it seems highly unlikely to me that a full Earth normal gravity could be achieved, it seems (to me at least) quite likely a persistent runner could achieve a velocity sufficient to reach half an Earth gravity, at which point the exercise would be of some value. The competition ** then ** would be to see how high a level of simulated gravity a given runner could achieve, and for how long.
Edit #1: "Flight" time could be increased by pedaling a propeller, to overcome air resistance.
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This post is an attempt to consider population density in various locations on Earth, as it might relate to the Large Ship design that RobertDyck is working on.
The analysis concludes that if space is allocated using US Prison guidelines, the population density of the proposed ship might be 978, which comes surprisingly close to the target population of 1060 passengers and crew.
Notes re Circle Y ship Rim Habitat space available
19 meters wide
238 meters long (circumference)
Square Meters: 4522
Proposed population: 1000 passengers and 60 crew (1060)
Floor space available per person: 4.27 square meters, or a square 2 meters on a side.
The most densely populated cities the world: Mumbai, India ...www.usatoday.com › story › news › world › 2019/07/11
Jul 11, 2019 - 75,000 people per square mile? These are the most densely populated cities in the world. Chennai, India. Taipei, Taiwan. Seoul/Incheon, South Korea. Shenzhen, China. Lagos, Nigeria. Karachi, Pakistan. Kolkata, India. Mumbai, India.
A square mile is equivalent to 2,590,000 square meters.
Dividing 2,590,000 by 75000 gives 34.5+ square meters per person
However, that figure seems unreasonable, because the people in the Asian cities cited are most likely to be living in multistory buildings.
The actual space experienced by each resident is likely to be much greater.
Expansion: It's all about the sows - National Hog Farmerwww.nationalhogfarmer.com › facilities › expansion-it-...
Aug 1, 2016 - Square footage per sow is a big consideration. The current recommendation for space allowance ranges from 19 to 24 square feet per sow.
24 square feet converts to 2.23 square meters, which is a square 1.5 meters on a side.
So how much space does one person need? According to the engineering toolbox, the average person needs about 100-400 square feet of space to feel comfortable in an apartment. That being said, it really depends on the person. Some people need a ton of space to feel sane, some people can work with very little.Dec 5, 2019 (https://youngandthrifty.ca/how-much-spa … ally-need/)
100 square feet converts to 9.3 square meters, or a space just over 3 meters on a side.
In the United States old prison cells are usually about 6 by 8 feet in dimension which is 48 square feet (moreover however American Correctional Association standards call for a minimum of 70 square feet = 6,5 m2), with steel or brick walls and one solid or barred door that locks from the outside.
Prison cell - Wikipediaen.wikipedia.org › wiki › Prison_cell
The Circle Y Rim Habitat has a proposed area of 4522 square meters.
Using the US Prison Guidelines as a model, the total population of the ship should not exceed: 695
However, the actual space available for movement will be much less.
The cabins are not available, except for the one to which an individual is assigned.
A cabin is 2.4 x 4 meters in size, and there are 252 of them, less one for the one assigned: 251X24x4 is 2410 square meters
Roaming room left is 2112
But part of that space is allocated to restricted space such as the kitchen, the bridge and medical facilities.
Using the US Prison Guidelines as a model, the total population of the ship should not exceed 2112 / 6.5 or 325
https://oldurbanist.blogspot.com/2011/0 … world.html
No, not the Upper East Side, nor Hong Kong, nor even Dharavi, but the new cruise ship Allure of the Seas. At 1187 feet long, and having capacity for nearly 9,000 passengers and crew members, the population density of the ship, when at capacity, can effectively exceed 1.2 million per square mile. This is well in excess of Dharavi's 800,000.*
The cruise ship arguably represents the ultimate glorification of the public realm at the expense of the private, with living quarters, for most passengers, cramped in comparison to those of the cheapest hotel lodgings on land. It is also the ultimate pedestrian-centric environment, reliant entirely on foot transportation. And yet, the ship is a highly desirable "getaway" for Americans from across the country.
A square mile is equivalent to 2,590,000 square meters.
Dividing 2,590,000 by 1,200,000 gives 2.159 square meters per person
2112/2.159 gives 978 passengers and crew, using US Prison Guidelines for space per person.
Edit#1: How long is a typical ocean cruise
three to four months
Most world cruises are three to four months long
There are some exceptions on the lengthy side, too: Oceania's 2016 world cruise will take a leisurely 180 days to visit dozens of fabulous destinations.How Long is a World Cruise? - Cruise Specialists
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Actually, target is about 1,000 passengers, as you said. But maximum if all standard cabins are configured economy, and every bunk has a passenger, and if all luxury cabins are divided into the smallest cabins available and they have maximum capacity, then it would hold 1,472 passengers. And cabin accommodations for up to 66 crew.
I think you're looking at this the wrong way. This is a passenger transport, not an apartment and not a luxury cruise ship. Modern equivalent would be a commercial airliner. How many passengers and how much space on an aircraft? This ship is designed for much more space and luxury, because it's a 6 month trip. Yes, 6 month, one way. It's for settlers, not tourists. Post #62 of that thread: "I said no common room, instead use the dining rooms. No promenade, although the ship will have a zero-G reception hub that can be used for zero-G entertainment in transit. No swimming pool, no deck, no shuffleboard, no basketball/tennis/billiard (pool tables)/ping-pong, no library, no casino or shops. No cinema or theatre, instead live entertainment in the dining rooms."
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For RobertDyck re #3
Thanks for contributing to this new topic. It should have value for travel in numerous venues, including yours.
My concern (at the moment) is that I cannot imagine a group of people willing to be mashed together in today's age.
The practices of 100 years ago seem to me to be a bit out of tune with the current population of Earth.
The figures I found for the population of huge cruise ships were astonishing (for me at least). But then, it's been many years since I was one of thousands of GI's headed for Europe back in the Cold War days. I don't remember feeling crowded at all. There was plenty of room to roam around, and we were given access to the railings to experience the majesty of the open ocean.
Still, we were only on the troop ship for a couple of weeks or so. The voyage you are planning will be multiple months in duration if everything goes perfectly at the destination, and some of the time it won't, so your sponsors will expect you to plan thoroughly for a full two year circuit.
Each person on board any ship headed for Mars needs a fully packed schedule to insure plenty of challenging activity for brain and body.
The reason I recommend planning for one passenger per economy cabin is to insure privacy for study or for recreational reading, for music practice or artistic activity. The idea of spending two years with my cabin mates and no privacy seems unsettling at this point in my life. On the other hand, there are folks who've grown up in households with 10 siblings in little tiny structures and they seem to be doing alright.
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tahanson43206,
While I recognize the need for privacy, most people get used to spending their free time with their shipmates. Once you set sail, they're the only friends you have. One of the recurring nightmares that people had in the Navy was waking up on an empty ship, not one filled with sailors. If you ever stop hearing the noise of the machinery that's keeping you alive, something very bad has happened. Studying was never much of a problem. When the time came for testing, you'd see that pretty much everyone had cracked open the books. We had a room dedicated to musical practice so as not to disturb everyone who was sleeping.
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For kbd512 re #5
Thanks for the insight from life aboard ship for months at a time. That ** is ** a good model.
The line I'd like to pick up on (in hopes you'll develop it further) is the line about studying. My hope is that each person selected/approved for a flight to Mars will be supported by at least one person on Earth who cares enough or is paid to communicate regularly, and that each person will have intellectual development goals to be achieved, whether the flight is six months or two years due to a wave-off.
Eventually, after flights to and from Mars are as routine as cruise ship outings are now (pre-Covid and hopefully after), it might make sense to eliminate the paid support staff, but I hope each person is supported from the home planet with at least occasional communication. In the modern age, at least in the US armed forces, video communication between deployed personnel and family are supported by the government. Something like that could continue in the Mars travel age.
Again, thank you for contributing to this new topic. I am hoping it will catch the eye of those who are interested in the well-being of space travelers in addition to the ** very ** important technical details of how their vehicle is designed and how it operates.
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th-
I too, was a "passenger" on a troop ship to Europe during the Cold War days. My crossing took more than 3 weeks and was during the stormy season (January) in the North Atlantic. As you pointed out, there was NO privacy at all. My crossing encountered 3 major storms, and we were running very low on food for the some 1450 soldiers onboard.
Health of a tightly packed group is a real issue, and when adding in the long-term effects of zero g, in addition to the other issues, health becomes THE major consideration.
I understand there are some studies ongoing aboard the ISS to combat bone decalcification and muscle wasting, but I don't have enough information to make any comments at this point.
Last edited by Oldfart1939 (2020-10-02 10:59:51)
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For Oldfart1939 re #7
Thanks for your recollections of a difficult crossing. Ours was smooth, so I don't have those memories to pull up. Your word picture does bring some movie sequences to mind.
Regarding gravity ... it is highly likely, with so much going on in the forum ... you might have missed RobertDyck's initiative to design a rotating ship for the Mars/Earth circuit. His specifications for the vessel are to provide Mars gravity in the habitat, and "Mars Habitat" atmosphere, so I think the negative effects of zero gravity are less likely to be a problem. That said, (to my knowledge) the human race has no experience with Mars gravity, so whether it will be sufficient for good health remains to be determined.
This topic was opened with mental health foremost on my mind, but physical health is as important.
If you have a chance to drop in on RobertDyck's topic, please take a look at the layout of the ship habitat I've tried to provide. My interpretation of RobertDyck's vision is NOT suitable for anything more than trying to get a sense of what he has in mind. For one thing, the proportions are incorrect, because I was learning how to use a spreadsheet with the limitations of the NewMars forum software. The current version (not yet posted) has proportions correct, but I'm trying to learn how to add images of people to the images of the habitat. Progress is promising. A friend provided the name of software that can do what I'm trying to do.
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Oldfart1939,
The initial post mentioned the Large scale colonization ship. That is designed to use rotation to produce artificial gravity. Passengers will not be exposed to zero-G. There will be a short time while the shuttle carries passengers from the surface of Earth to the large ship, and again in Mars orbit when a shuttle there carries them from Mars orbit to the surface. Expect the shuttle at both ends will be a SpaceX Starship. But no zero-G during transit.
Mars Direct from 1990 was designed to use rotation for artificial gravity. But for some reason NASA has become obsessed with zero-G.
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As oldfart1939 indicated we need lots more work to prevent and we only have the ISS to do the experiment and trials of medication and exercise to counteract the effects of going from 1g to near 0g.
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For SpaceNut .... re #10
There is good reason for folks to miss RobertDyck's attempt to design a space vehicle that will provide Mars gravity for the passengers.
There is so much going on in the forum (and in the outside world) it is easy to miss that detail.
RobertDyck's design calls for (about) 1/3rd normal gravity for passengers and crew. That is ** not ** near zero.
We (humans) do NOT know if Mars gravity is sufficient, but I think that design of a space vessel to operate at Mars gravity is a good idea. For one thing, as soon as the vehicle is built, but before it is sent on its first mission, it can serve as a test environment to find out (a) if 1000 people can withstand the stresses of trying to live in a volume the size of the Circle Y vehicle, and (b) if Mars gravity is sufficient to insure good health for humans and (c) if all the designs for equipment and procedures that will be coming from RobertDyck and the people he assembles to help him can hold up for a two year period.
In your post #10, you mentioned medication ... I think that it would make sense to conduct a scientific study of the "guests" on the Circle Y design in a test run, so that about half the passengers and crew are living totally without medical treatments of any kind, while others are taking a set of carefully measured medication, to see if there is a difference.
Thanks for contributing to and supporting this new topic!\
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The problem with attempting to deal with bone loss isn't insurmountable. I've discussed this elsewhere. What we DON'T have is a real understanding of the "trigger mechanism," or what initiates decalcification.
Is there a "gravity receptor?"
For bone decalcification, we DO have an on-Earth model: Osteoporosis, and there are numerous drugs capable of treating the condition, primarily CALCITONIN, oligopeptide pharmaceutical which has been around for at least 35-40 years. It stimulates Calcium UPTAKE by bone tissue.
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Interesting space daily news article
https://www.spacedaily.com/reports/Unde … l_999.html
Understanding muscle wasting in space at the molecular level
Conventional studies investigating the effects of reduced gravity on muscle mass and function have used a ground control group that is not directly comparable to the space experimental group. Researchers from the University of Tsukuba set out to explore the effects of gravity in mice subjected to the same housing conditions, including those experienced during launch and landing.
"In humans, spaceflight causes muscle atrophy and can lead to serious medical problems after return to Earth" says senior author Professor Satoru Takahashi. "This study was designed based on the critical need to understand the molecular mechanisms through which muscle atrophy occurs in conditions of microgravity and artificial gravity."
A good discussion on the topic back in 2018 but its more about the healthy of the Mars colony
http://newmars.com/forums/viewtopic.php … 32#p151732
Last edited by Mars_B4_Moon (2021-05-18 12:58:46)
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Re post #12:
We do know a fair bit about how bones work. Osteoblasts are cells that build bone, osteoclasts dissolve bone, releasing calcium into the blood. The human body needs calcium, and bones are a storage mechanism. Quoting Wikipedia:
Osteoblasts are cells with a single nucleus that synthesize bone. However, in the process of bone formation, osteoblasts function in groups of connected cells. Individual cells cannot make bone. A group of organized osteoblasts together with the bone made by a unit of cells is usually called the osteon.
Osteoblasts are specialized, terminally differentiated products of mesenchymal stem cells. They synthesize dense, crosslinked collagen and specialized proteins in much smaller quantities, including osteocalcin and osteopontin, which compose the organic matrix of bone.
In organized groups of connected cells, osteoblasts produce hydroxylapatite - the bone mineral, that is deposited in a highly regulated manner, into the organic matrix forming a strong and dense mineralized tissue - the mineralized matrix. The mineralized skeleton is the main support for the bodies of air breathing vertebrates. It is an important store of minerals for physiological homeostasis including both acid-base balance and calcium or phosphate maintenance.
One known mechanism is when bone is stressed, it stimulates nerves. Yes, bone has nerves. I once broke a finger bone, the doctor inserted a needle right into the broken end of the bone. Damn it hurt! It tell you, there are sensitive nerves in there. If you have ever jumped from a height a little too high onto something hard like pavement, you will feel your shins hurt. That means you just shocked the bone. It didn't break the bone, but it simulated the nerves in your shin bones. (It hurt.) Those nerves start a cascade of chemicals that cause osteoblasts to build bone, specifically where the nerves were stimulated. The fact nerves in the bone were stimulated means your bone at that point isn't strong enough, so osteoblasts will build more bone specifically there, to make your bone stronger.
Meanwhile, osteoclasts dissolve bone to release calcium into blood. In a healthy person, your bones are a balance of osteoclats dissolving bone while osteoblasts build them back up. This will optimize your bone so you have strong bone just where you need it. Several things can interefer with this. If you have nerve damage in your bones, then stress cannot be detected, and nerves will not start the chemical cascade that causes osteoblasts to strengthen bone. Many people think osteoporosis is a chemical thing, but nerve damage can cause it. Metabolism of senior citizens slows down. If metabolism slows too much, osteoblasts cannot build bone quickly enough to respond to stimulus. This can result in osteoclasts dominating, causing net bone loss.
Zero gravity can have many effects. Cells are membranes filled with liquid. Without gravity, convection within cells cannot happen. Loss of convection within cells can cause liquid currents within the cell to slow or stop, causing various chemical processes to not work correctly. This is one reason people like me think partial gravity will have profound effect on the human body. Even Moon level gravity should be enough to cause liquid convection within cells. This must be tested though. Lower gravity might cause slower liquid currents within cells, causing zero-gravity effects to be only partially mitigated.
Then there's the question of how groups of cells coordinate? Does gravity affect movement of groups of cells? I don't even have a hypothesis about that.
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My understanding (reading up on ISS missions) is that the problem of bone and muscle loss in zero G has essentially been solved through a combination of exercise, pressure trousers and space medicine.
Given we can add mass to suits worn on Mars to simulate 1G, it appears that there will be no big macro problems as seen in the early days of space travel. But there are effects on heart muscle and the eyes that are more difficult to resolve.
Re post #12:
We do know a fair bit about how bones work. Osteoblasts are cells that build bone, osteoclasts dissolve bone, releasing calcium into the blood. The human body needs calcium, and bones are a storage mechanism. Quoting Wikipedia:Osteoblasts are cells with a single nucleus that synthesize bone. However, in the process of bone formation, osteoblasts function in groups of connected cells. Individual cells cannot make bone. A group of organized osteoblasts together with the bone made by a unit of cells is usually called the osteon.
Osteoblasts are specialized, terminally differentiated products of mesenchymal stem cells. They synthesize dense, crosslinked collagen and specialized proteins in much smaller quantities, including osteocalcin and osteopontin, which compose the organic matrix of bone.
In organized groups of connected cells, osteoblasts produce hydroxylapatite - the bone mineral, that is deposited in a highly regulated manner, into the organic matrix forming a strong and dense mineralized tissue - the mineralized matrix. The mineralized skeleton is the main support for the bodies of air breathing vertebrates. It is an important store of minerals for physiological homeostasis including both acid-base balance and calcium or phosphate maintenance.
One known mechanism is when bone is stressed, it stimulates nerves. Yes, bone has nerves. I once broke a finger bone, the doctor inserted a needle right into the broken end of the bone. Damn it hurt! It tell you, there are sensitive nerves in there. If you have ever jumped from a height a little too high onto something hard like pavement, you will feel your shins hurt. That means you just shocked the bone. It didn't break the bone, but it simulated the nerves in your shin bones. (It hurt.) Those nerves start a cascade of chemicals that cause osteoblasts to build bone, specifically where the nerves were stimulated. The fact nerves in the bone were stimulated means your bone at that point isn't strong enough, so osteoblasts will build more bone specifically there, to make your bone stronger.
Meanwhile, osteoclasts dissolve bone to release calcium into blood. In a healthy person, your bones are a balance of osteoclats dissolving bone while osteoblasts build them back up. This will optimize your bone so you have strong bone just where you need it. Several things can interefer with this. If you have nerve damage in your bones, then stress cannot be detected, and nerves will not start the chemical cascade that causes osteoblasts to strengthen bone. Many people think osteoporosis is a chemical thing, but nerve damage can cause it. Metabolism of senior citizens slows down. If metabolism slows too much, osteoblasts cannot build bone quickly enough to respond to stimulus. This can result in osteoclasts dominating, causing net bone loss.
Zero gravity can have many effects. Cells are membranes filled with liquid. Without gravity, convection within cells cannot happen. Loss of convection within cells can cause liquid currents within the cell to slow or stop, causing various chemical processes to not work correctly. This is one reason people like me think partial gravity will have profound effect on the human body. Even Moon level gravity should be enough to cause liquid convection within cells. This must be tested though. Lower gravity might cause slower liquid currents within cells, causing zero-gravity effects to be only partially mitigated.
Then there's the question of how groups of cells coordinate? Does gravity affect movement of groups of cells? I don't even have a hypothesis about that.
Let's Go to Mars...Google on: Fast Track to Mars blogspot.com
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Came across this today for what we can do on the ISS
http://spaceref.com/iss/medical.ops.html
Routine Medical Procedures
Pregnancy Test
Cough
Ear problems
Dental: toothache
Dental: dislodged tooth
Dental: tooth extraction
Dental: temporary filling
Dental: injection technique
Dental: exposed pulp
Dental: crown replacement
Abrasions
Back pain
Ear /sinus blockage
Kidney bladder infection
Motion sickness
Mouth ulcers - stomatitis
Nasal congestion
Pain relief
Sinus problems
Skin infection
Skin rash
Insomnia
Upset stomach
Vaginal yeast infection
Headache
Nosebleed
Sore throat
Strains and sprains
Urinary retention
Urinalysis
Diarrhea
Constipation
Nausea and vomiting
Hearing assessment
Specific Emergency Medical ProceduresBehavioral: Suicidal - Emergency
Behavioral: Suicidal
Behavioral: Acute Psychosis
Behavioral: Acute Psychosis Emegency
Choking
Chest pain
Collapsed lung
Toxic spill
Abdominal injury
Analphylaxis /severe alleric response
Burns
Breathing difficulty
Chest Injury
Contaminant cleanup
Eye - toxic exposure
Head and neck injury
Skin: toxic exposure
Decompression sickness
Eye - chemical burn
Eye - corneal burn
Eye - bacterial infection
Eye- herpetic infection
Eye - object abrasion
Eye - object penetration
Broken bone
Kidney stones
Shock - circulatory collapse
Sleeping medication overdose
Smoke inhalation
Suture and staple removal
Laceration repair
Seizures
Russian medicine side effects
CHeCS medicine side effects
Abdominal pain
Altitude sickness
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I have become interested in mental health of individuals at remote locations ... we've ** always ** had individuals separated from humanity by great distances, and in the past they were truly isolated. However, since Marconi's invention, we have steadily improved our (human) capability to communicate effectively over great distances, including as far as the Moon.
In the modern age, the NewMars forum itself (like so many other forums) enables individuals to communicate from any point on Earth at practically any time.
In addition, the archives of the forum (again like so many others) provide a way to assess the mental health of the participants.
I am opening this line of discussion with the assumption that everyone participating in the forum is in excellent mental health.
However, the forum now has records of individual posts going back 20 years, so it is possible to see any changes that age may bring about.
I find that my energy levels are down from 30 years ago, and I would guess that other long-term members may be observing similar changes.
I asked FluxBB to show me any/all topics that contain the word "health"
Looking at the previous post the mental health falls under Behavioral and while it may be triggered it can go undetected for long periods of time.
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There could maybe exist an A.I Robo Doctor onboard a future spaceship to observe
Mars might need some sorts of hospital for bones loss or mental issues upon arrival. Other issues radiation-induced cancers, visual impairment or intracranial pressure issues, inability to stand without fainting for protracted periods aka Orthostatic Intolerance, loss of blood plasma volumes, changes function and concentration of immune system responses, increased Urinary tract infection, small levels of hearing loss due to micogravity exposure, reproduction fertility issues, space motion sickness (SMS)
British journal
https://www.bjanaesthesia.org.uk/articl … 2/fulltext
PDF
https://history.nasa.gov/History%20of%2 … ab-JSC.pdf
Effects of Sex and Gender on Adaptations to Space: Reproductive Health
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4235591/
Last edited by Mars_B4_Moon (2022-07-05 15:38:12)
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With AG the need for the mars hospital to treat people would not be needed it's a question of exercise once on mars as to whether the lower level of gravity will be harmful.
With cameras all over the ship is there really a need for mobility for the AI detective?
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Five Hours' Sleep Is Tipping Point For Bad Health
https://science.slashdot.org/story/22/1 … bad-health
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I guess this is a ramble about taking a break or mental health and entertainment and table games
One subject often discussed is 'sport' on the way to the 'Red Planet' what people could do as an activity on Mars and then back to Earth. With artificial gravity activity could change and be similar to confined spaces on Mars or in a North Pole research site or an Antarctica Analogue station.
The youth of the 80s and 90s played board games but video game culture started to take over, there was still a passion for physical movement the Cue sports in confined room, hall or region, Air hockey, Darts, Domino, Dice game, Mahjong, Chess, Poker Card Games, Bowling or Bowls, Blackjack Card, Carom billiards, Baccarat card game, Go board game and Xiangqi, Hearts game of Cards, Snooker, Snooker any of the tavern games could played in confined spaces, of course there is a risk of the culture and vices of 'gambling'...perhaps AI robots could be a player or print the next Puzzle Game or Jigsaw.
I think a nice Pool Table would be of value, in certain eras Pool could be the most popular sport of its time, a table was of value with artist hand crafted decoration but it will perhaps be made of Bamboo or 3-D printed on Mars.
will Mars have its own card game?
Godfather of poker
Doyle Brunson dies aged 89 with tributes paid by other stars of card game
https://uk.news.yahoo.com/godfather-pok … 00080.html
snooker referees?
https://www.thescottishsun.co.uk/sport/ … -how-much/
Last edited by Mars_B4_Moon (2023-05-15 19:00:59)
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Artificial Gravity in Long-Term Space Travel: Concepts, Research, and Challenges
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For Mars_B4_Moon re #22
Thank you for finding and posting the link to the online article about artificial gravity.
I read the article, and was amused to discover that it had been written by ChatGPT(3). The tipoff was the text quoted below:
NASA's proposed Nautilus-X spacecraft (Non-Atmospheric Universal Transport Intended for Lengthy United States eXploration) included a design for a large, rotating torus that would create artificial gravity. The Nautilus-X was intended to test various technologies for deep space missions, including artificial gravity, but as of my knowledge cutoff in September 2021, the project has not moved beyond the concept stage.
The person responsible for this article may not know enough to be able to edit the article.
This is the first example I have seen of an online article written by ChatGPT, but I have several books written by ChatGPT, as freely admited by the people who put their names on the cover as "author".
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Thanks for spotting the article was wrote by AI maybe I should have read the article more careful and realized Nautilus-X spacecraft was an old cancelled mission/concept from over 10 years ago.
Are notice many other news articles do not have a name on that site, are those also AI?
Last edited by Mars_B4_Moon (2023-12-02 16:49:47)
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