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Venus possibly habitable for billions of years
14:49 08 September 03
NewScientist.com news service
The hellish climate of Venus may have arisen far more recently than previously supposed, suggests new research. If so, pleasant Earth-like conditions probably persisted for two billion years after the planet's birth - plenty of time for life to have developed.
This also suggests that another global transformation on Venus about 700 million years ago, in which the whole planet's surface appears to have melted and reformed, may actually have been a continuation of the same greenhouse warming that dried out the planet.
Once the water was lost, Grinspoon says, plate tectonics would have stopped completely, and with it the most efficient way for the planet to shed its internal heat. This could have led to a buildup that eventually caused the whole crust to melt and then reform.
More generally, if this analysis is right, it means that the "habitable zone" for planets around other stars may be much wider than has been assumed, since Venus had been thought to be far outside it.
Grinspoon presented his work at the American Astronomical Society's Division for Planetary Sciences meeting in Monterey, California on Saturday.
Okay, no evidence yet that they are from Venus, but they could be!
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Wow, that's absolutely amazing. Too bad the crust melted, because I think that would destroy all hopes of discovering fossils.
BTW, clark, maybe you could pop more stories like this in the New Discoveries thread?
Some useful links while MER are active. [url=http://marsrovers.jpl.nasa.gov/home/index.html]Offical site[/url] [url=http://www.nasa.gov/multimedia/nasatv/MM_NTV_Web.html]NASA TV[/url] [url=http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/mer2004/]JPL MER2004[/url] [url=http://www.spaceflightnow.com/mars/mera/statustextonly.html]Text feed[/url]
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The amount of solar radiation reaching the surface of the earth totals some 3.9 million exajoules a year.
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More stories about women? You are hard up.
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Fascinating stuff, Clark!
My first reaction was the same as Josh's: Shame about the melted fossils.
But then 2 billion years is a long time; enough for the formation of sedimentary strata many kilometres thick. It may be possible that large slabs of potentially fossil-bearing rock have survived the crustal upheaval, floating around on lava during the event and now 'frozen' back into position as part of the present surface.
While much, or even most, of Venus's crust today is probably the result of 'new' lava flows 700 million years ago, what if some areas of the primitive crust are still accessible and still retain extensive fossil records?
I think I may have just changed my mind about near-term exploration of Venus; at least by robots!
The word 'aerobics' came about when the gym instructors got together and said: If we're going to charge $10 an hour, we can't call it Jumping Up and Down. - Rita Rudner
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*Begging everyone's pardon; I can't decide whether I should put this here or in my 18th Century folder, so here goes (sorry for the "intrusion," Clark)
Dear Spider-Man:
Thank you for the absolutely lovely Portrait & Signature! I am beyond pleased with it. Thank you especially for incorporating 18th-Century imagery into it.
You are wonderful! ::hug::
--Cindy
We all know [i]those[/i] Venusians: Doing their hair in shock waves, smoking electrical coronas, wearing Van Allen belts and resting their tiny elbows on a Geiger counter...
--John Sladek (The New Apocrypha)
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Thank you for the absolutely lovely Portrait & Signature! I am beyond pleased with it. Thank you especially for incorporating 18th-Century imagery into it.
Very cool, Spider-Man...you've got some real *artistic* skill there.
Care to make some sigs for the rest of us?.. :laugh:
B
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Dearest Cindy, you are welcome beyond description. Nothing could make me happier than seeing you so delighted. The pleasure is mine.
*Hugs back.* Well you're wonderful too! You've charmed all of us with your intellect and Olympian rationale, giving us the gift of your meliorating discourse. Returning the favor in some way only seemed just.
And Byron, I've been considering that. Would you like a signature bearing a portrait of Lord Byron, perhaps? or the like?
Feel free to e-mail me if you have specific ideas; perhaps we can work something out.
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Thank you for the absolutely lovely Portrait & Signature! I am beyond pleased with it. Thank you especially for incorporating 18th-Century imagery into it.
Very cool, Spider-Man...you've got some real *artistic* skill there.
*He sure does!
I'm so excited and happy with it; I shared the portrait with my "Age of Voltaire" members -- and burned breakfast while doing so! I'm a good cook, and rarely burn things -- so it goes to show how extremely pleased I am! LOL!
--Cindy
We all know [i]those[/i] Venusians: Doing their hair in shock waves, smoking electrical coronas, wearing Van Allen belts and resting their tiny elbows on a Geiger counter...
--John Sladek (The New Apocrypha)
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So that's where it came from!!
Very nice work, SpiderMan. It seems you are indeed a man of many parts ... and chivalrous too!
The word 'aerobics' came about when the gym instructors got together and said: If we're going to charge $10 an hour, we can't call it Jumping Up and Down. - Rita Rudner
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*Laughs.* Even culinarily do you flatter me, milady.
Thank you very kindly, Shaun. If you like, friend, I'd be happy to make a signature for you as well some time. Send me an e-mail.
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Spiderman, you are quite surprising. Well done on the latest sigs.
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Spiderman, you are quite surprising. Well done on the latest sigs.
*Very nice for Byron. Classy!
--Cindy
We all know [i]those[/i] Venusians: Doing their hair in shock waves, smoking electrical coronas, wearing Van Allen belts and resting their tiny elbows on a Geiger counter...
--John Sladek (The New Apocrypha)
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Thanks, you two. You're next, Clark. *Grins.*
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Uh-oh, can anything stop the webbed wonder?! Stay tuned for the exciting conclusion next week... :laugh:
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*Laughs.* Actually, while we're at it, I should plug for my favorite TV show:
Spider-Man the New Animated Series
It's on MTV (for whatever reason) and is absolutely phenominal. I was extraordinarily impressed with the movie, but this takes it even further, starting where the movie left off and developing the characters to a degree I hadn't thought possible. It's amazing. Watch it.
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*Very nice for Byron. Classy!
Glad you like it, Cindy...
Can't wait to see some more of these fantastic signatures on here...
Actually, while we're at it, I should plug for my favorite TV show:
I'll have to check it out...
That reminds me of the original Spider-Man animated series I used to watch when I was a kid...weird backgrounds and all. I was a pretty big fan of it for a while. My favorite superhero was Superman, however... *Sorry*... I used to watch the reruns of that original series (live action) as well...
You know what, this world could use a few superheros, couldn't it? :;):
B
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*Laughs.* Actually, while we're at it, I should plug for my favorite TV show:
Spider-Man the New Animated Series
It's on MTV (for whatever reason) and is absolutely phenominal. I was extraordinarily impressed with the movie, but this takes it even further, starting where the movie left off and developing the characters to a degree I hadn't thought possible. It's amazing. Watch it.
*Actually, Spider-Man is the only male superhero I ever really liked. AquaMan would be a close runner-up, but I don't recall that character ever being developed much.
I wasn't much into the super-hero thing as a kid (most girls aren't...at least, not in my generation). I did like Wonder Woman, although I admit I wondered about the feasibility of having an invisible jet -- ! But I loved the way she'd ward off bullets with her big golden bracelets!
"Isis" was a Saturday-morning 1/2-hour long program for kids in the mid-70s. Liked that very much. I also watched "ElectroWoman & DynaGirl." Go ahead and laugh. :laugh:
And I'm -NOT- a feminist, btw. I guess it was simply easy to relate to female characters in the genre.
I was a fan of "The Incredible Hulk" starring Bill Bixby, in the late 70s; but that was more due to my having a preteen crush on Bixby than anything else. He was handsome. I also felt like crying every time David Banner walked off into loneliness once more, being pursued by that maniac reporter...having to leave behind new loves, family, etc., and trying in vain desperation to find a way to rid himself of turning into "The Hulk" whenever angry or frustrated. *tears*
--Cindy
We all know [i]those[/i] Venusians: Doing their hair in shock waves, smoking electrical coronas, wearing Van Allen belts and resting their tiny elbows on a Geiger counter...
--John Sladek (The New Apocrypha)
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Actually, Spider-Man is the only male superhero I ever really liked.
I'm so honored! Heh, and I've always had a thing for the idea of the goddess of the Moon...always my favorite goddess. Remember the tale of Artemis and Acteon?
And I'm -NOT- a feminist, btw.
You're not? Most people are these days. I learned recently that it's much less hostile a word with its true meaning (from Webster) :
Main Entry: fem?i?nism
Pronunciation: 'fe-m&-"ni-z&m
Function: noun
Date: 1895
1 : the theory of the political, economic, and social equality of the sexes
2 : organized activity on behalf of women's rights and interests
- fem?i?nist /-nist/ noun or adjective
- fem?i?nis?tic /"fe-m&-'nis-tik/ adjective
I'm all for equality of the sexes, women's rights, and powerful, intelligent ladies (again, the Diana thing, I guess...). I'm sure all of us are feminist to some degree.
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I'm all for equality of the sexes, women's rights, ...
I'm so glad to hear this!
So I have a question, really, just a straw poll. I heard over in Florida (I think) there is a pending lawsuit alleging that current laws applied towards women who like to go topless discriminate against them. The suit is pretty much trying to liberate the upper-torso of the prettier sex.
I wonder, oh how I wonder, what the women from Venus think of this!
Men can go topless, and not be fined for indecent exsposure. Women though...
And here I thought the women in Afghanistan had it bad. :laugh:
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Remember the tale of Artemis and Acteon?
And I'm -NOT- a feminist, btw.
You're not? Most people are these days. I learned recently that it's much less hostile a word with its true meaning (from Webster) :
Main Entry: fem?i?nism
Pronunciation: 'fe-m&-"ni-z&m
Function: noun
Date: 1895
1 : the theory of the political, economic, and social equality of the sexes
2 : organized activity on behalf of women's rights and interests
- fem?i?nist /-nist/ noun or adjective
- fem?i?nis?tic /"fe-m&-'nis-tik/ adjectiveI'm all for equality of the sexes, women's rights, and powerful, intelligent ladies (again, the Diana thing, I guess...). I'm sure all of us are feminist to some degree.
*I don't recall the story of Artemis and Acteon, unfortunately.
And we have a communication gap.
The word "feminist" denotes -- to me -- the idea of elevating femininity and women above masculinity and men. It's still inequality, just going the other way: From masculinism to feminism.
I call myself a HUMANist. Everyone is included!
I'm all for women's rights, women being able to apply skills, intelligence, etc., on an even playing field with men. I consider all that as part and parcel of humanism.
Based on what I've seen, read, and heard, much of modern-day feminism doesn't seek to do that anymore; it seeks reverse bias against men. Not all feminists are that way...but many of them are.
--Cindy
We all know [i]those[/i] Venusians: Doing their hair in shock waves, smoking electrical coronas, wearing Van Allen belts and resting their tiny elbows on a Geiger counter...
--John Sladek (The New Apocrypha)
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I call myself a HUMANist. Everyone is included!
Yeah...I like the sound of that... *Thanks* to the 3rd power.
In my mind, the word "feminist" does have a bit of a bitter taste, as I once had a boss who exibited the worst traits of what you've described above. But heck, if it wasn't for her, I'd probably still be a wage slave...lol...so I guess she did me a favor in the end...
B
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I call myself a HUMANist. Everyone is included!
Yeah...I like the sound of that... *Thanks* to the 3rd power.
In my mind, the word "feminist" does have a bit of a bitter taste, as I once had a boss who exibited the worst traits of what you've described above. But heck, if it wasn't for her, I'd probably still be a wage slave...lol...so I guess she did me a favor in the end...
B
*Is that the same boss you mentioned months ago, who deliberately tried to ostracize you from your colleagues? That divisive, vindictive person?
Spider-Man: The more I look at Byron's signature and portrait (I'm not sure how exactly to say this), the more I see a very nice -- albeit subtle -- element of romance in it, without jeopardizing the masculine nature of it.
I can't pay you a higher compliment.
Though I'm not an artist, the essences you captured in Byron's sig are, I believe, very difficult to "strike a balance" with.
--Cindy
We all know [i]those[/i] Venusians: Doing their hair in shock waves, smoking electrical coronas, wearing Van Allen belts and resting their tiny elbows on a Geiger counter...
--John Sladek (The New Apocrypha)
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I don't recall the story of Artemis and Acteon, unfortunately.
Ah, well then, I'll see if I can summarize it...
Diana, known otherwise as Artemis and Cynthia, was bathing in the middle of the woods at night, under moonlight in the serene sylvan glade. In another part of the forest was Actaeon, hunting deer with his hounds. The group of deer eventually moved towards their patron goddess, likely for protection, leading Actaeon unwittingly and inexorably to his fate.
When Actaeon stumbled across the pool in which the moon goddess was bathing, he was shocked, stunned, inspired, enchanted, filled with more rapture than he ever had experienced before ? the pleasurable sight would be his last. Diana, a true feminist of the most negative connotation for all her hatred of masculinity, was enraged, infuriated that her privacy had been invaded by the lowly hunter. So then, raising her divine hand as it glistened with diamond-like droplets of water in the silvery blue moonlight, she metamorphosed the young hunter into a stag.
Immediately after the transformation, with but the gesture of her littlest finger, the lunar goddess impelled Actaeon's hounds to attack the stag that had just appeared before them in their master's place. Diana watched with sadistic pleasure as Actaeon was mauled and torn and slowly ripped to pieces.
I always laugh when I hear that story; I think it's cool, somehow. In fact, in a story my father is writing (he and I are much alike), he uses an avatar of himself named Sir Actaeon, a knight in love with the beautifully divine duchess Lady Diana. Diana eventually discovers how much her chevalier Sir Actaeon cares for her, but is unable to reciprocate in full due to other romantic commitments; and it seems to Actaeon as if she enjoys tormenting the knight with her beauty, Sir Actaeon delighting in the sweet torture just the same.
My father and I both have had this experience repeatedly, falling for "the wrong woman", essentially, the ones who are either unavailble or chastising or both.
And thus is the reason for my undying love for the Moon. ...probably...
The word "feminist" denotes -- to me -- the idea of elevating femininity and women above masculinity and men. It's still inequality, just going the other way: From masculinism to feminism.
Yes, it definitely has that connotation. I try not to think of it that way anymore ? not that I mind; I would wholly enjoy a life dedicated to serving my lady and her desires. Indeed, it's what I would love more than anything else.
But yes, I am absolutely humanist; that's something I'm certain all of us are.
Spider-Man: The more I look at Byron's signature and portrait (I'm not sure how exactly to say this), the more I see a very nice -- albeit subtle -- element of romance in it, without jeopardizing the masculine nature of it.
*Smiles.* Certainly not. Byron was a deeply felt romantic poet, much as I aspire to be.
However, I hope I didn't give the impression that I actually painted that portrait of Lord Byron. That's just a (detailed) cutting out of a real portrait of his that was done in 1813 by Richard Westall.
I can't pay you a higher compliment.
Aw, aren't you sweet; I'm so flattered. *Hugs.*
Though I'm not an artist, the essences you captured in Byron's sig are, I believe, very difficult to "strike a balance" with.
I've not heard more mellissonantly kind words.
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The fickle love
of waxing moon,
turbulent as the sea,
pale goddess
in the night,
deadly as can be.
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Merkel the woman who killed fourth wave open borders feminists?
When women go bad can they be as destructive as men?
Hybristophilia is a sexual interest in jihadi serial killer terrorists, people who would write OJ or Ted Bundy or some islamist a 'Love Letter' and attraction to those who commit serious crimes? Angela Merkel is a retired German politician and scientist who was a Communist and then a member of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) Merkel officially entered politics in the wake of the Revolutions of 1989, became Minister for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety in 1994 and she served as the chancellor of Germany from 2005 to 2021....she might be finally gone this year? Berlin estimates that up to 60,000 Ukrainian refugees, perhaps Christian European Ukrainian are currently residing in the German capital, in Ukraine women and children escaped first but in islamist countries, women and children last and instead wave upon wave of military age jihadi mohammed men arrived, some would later enage in mass crimes like vandalism, bombings. theft, rapes, shootings and terrorist attacks.
She now wins an award for helping rapefugees and refujihadists, not everyone she took in was an islamic terrorist but by taking in over 1 Million she has forever changed the culture of Germany.
Ukraine women arriving as refugees often report that Germany is over-run by islamo types and it is safer to return home to their war zone rather than give in some neo-German ghetto where they can be mugged or raped.
A sick old hag betrayed her own history and culture for more than 30 pieces of silver?
Judaslohn bezeichnet den Lohn, den gemäß den drei synoptischen Evangelien Judas Iskariot, ein Jünger Jesu von Nazaret, dafür erhielt, dass er dessen Festnahme in Jerusalem ermöglichte.
'Merkel wins UN refugee agency award over welcome of Syrians'
https://apnews.com/article/geneva-germa … 8c1d22c515
The award includes a $150,000 prize. Merkel is expected to travel to the globalist stronghold of Geneva and collect her silver.
Commentary: The trouble with sending people to Venus
https://www.channelnewsasia.com/comment … rs-2976486
Solar Orbiter reveals best glimpse yet of Venus' magnetic field
https://www.space.com/solar-orbiter-stu … etic-field
Last edited by Mars_B4_Moon (2022-10-04 10:05:49)
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