Extrasolar Habitable Planets

Void · 2021-08-26 18:42:52

I encountered this about "Hycean" planets today. It seems like I should enter it here.

https://www.cnn.com/2021/08/26/world/hy … index.html

I am not so much one of those who would make a living by writing "Papers" , sorry, but that almost makes me giggle.

No disrespect, but I think that their work is fine. Just the idea of writing "Papers", kind of puts me to silly.

It's as if you are kissing up to some entity that sees no responsibility except to have
a silly place where you feed off taxpayer money, and look down your nose at the undesirables. No thought of serving the public. But maybe I am wrong.

Indeed, I do have a large amount of respect for the process, and think it necessary, but still at times silly, and annoying.

I guess I have too much "Blue Collar" in me.

Still, I love their work. Excellent!

I guess the tools we may have have not all be developed. This is a good one.

Another one is to suppose you would put the Earth in an orbit around a star, and so define a "Habitable Zone" for that star. It is not wrong. It is good for a reference.

However, for planets having a Nitrogen/Oxygen/Argon..... Mix, I do believe that
a varied mix and pressure can also very much define habitability.

For instance I think that the upper limit for such an atmospheric mix would be 10 Bars, which in our solar system would be somewhere in the Asteroid belt.

For Mars, 1 bar would be a very glacial planet, but still with some open ocean water. 2 bar would approximate Earths climate, but would vary less from pole to equator. And that is at about 1.5 au. Mars gets >1/2 a solar unit (As defined by Earth sunlight).

So, @ 1/4 of a "Solar Unit", you would need an atmosphere of about 4 bar, for Earth like conditions. (Somewhat Earthlike).

@ 1/8th of a "Solar Unit", you would need 8 bars.

10 bars as I recalled in the proposed model would be the limit, as particulates, and condensates in the atmosphere would interfere with the input of sunlight > 10 bar.

If this model I encountered a long time ago were true, then for Venus, we would want .5 bar. However from my other posts I feel that this is neither desirable to do or possible to do in any short amount of time, as per terraforming.

The Hycean worlds are of interest.

Done.

Last edited by Void (2021-08-26 18:57:00)

Mars_B4_Moon · 2021-09-16 06:58:39

Astronomers define new class of potentially habitable ocean worlds

https://physicsworld.com/a/astronomers- … an-worlds/

Aquaplanet a Hyneria Ocean Planet

“Currently we don’t have any concrete evidence to estimate the prevalence and nature of life in the universe,” Madhusudhan says. “But we do think that there are a large number of potentially habitable exoplanets which can in principle host life.” Future observations with the JWST would, he adds, enable astronomers to characterize these planets’ atmospheres and detect biosignatures “if present”.

Say hi to Hycean worlds, a new class of exoplanet that could host life
https://newatlas.com/space/hycean-exopl … tune-life/

So-called Hycean worlds are hot mini-Neptunes with hydrogen-rich atmospheres and vast oceans on their surfaces. The heat and the pressure wouldn’t be very inviting to us humans, but it’s possible that some forms of life might find it idyllic.

The holotype Hycean planet is K2-18b, which is located about 124 light years away, measures 2.6 times wider and 8.6 times more massive than Earth, and orbits its host star within the habitable zone. The Cambridge astronomers have been studying it for a few years now – in 2019 they reported the detection of water vapor in its atmosphere, and last year ran models of its composition. Some scenarios painted it as potentially habitable for certain forms of life.

From there, the astronomers expanded the search to more broadly define Hycean exoplanets. They say that these worlds can be up to 2.6 times the width of Earth, up to 10 Earth masses, and temperatures in their atmospheres could reach a sweltering 200 °C (392 °F). However, conditions in their oceans might be more comfortable. They’re likely to be common too, nestled in between the smaller, rockier Super-Earths and the gaseous, larger mini-Neptunes.

There could be other variations on the class too. “Dark Hycean” worlds are those that are tidally locked to their star, meaning one side is always baking in starlight and the other bathed in eternal night – the latter of which could support life. “Cold Hycean” worlds meanwhile are those that don’t receive much radiation from their host star.

The team says that Hycean planets could be one of the most promising places to look for signs of life. Not only because they’re common, but biomarkers of life, such as methyl chloride and dimethyl sulphide, could be readily spotted in their atmospheres with telescopes such as the upcoming James Webb.

Last edited by Mars_B4_Moon (2021-09-16 07:02:32)

Void · 2021-09-16 19:51:53

Nice.

This also demonstrates that we should not allow religious cheat sheet minds tell us what is real, as if they are true authority.

https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/20 … slow-aging
Quote:

Hubble Discovers Hydrogen-Burning White Dwarfs Enjoying Slow Aging

Oh, I believe in God. I just don't believe in trusting "religious cheat sheet minds".

The apparent belief is that these white dwarfs retain Hydrogen to burn. Well very possible.

However I have wondered what happens to nomadic planemo's that wander into
a star nursery. Is that like inception of a new and growing object in some cases?

Or can a white dwarf by some means draw Hydrogen gas from the surrounding environment, in some cases.

What's a habitable zone like for a planet that somehow comes to orbit a Hydrogen burning white dwarf?

Done

Last edited by Void (2021-09-16 19:55:46)

Mars_B4_Moon · 2021-10-26 07:36:41

Far Far away....For the first time, Astronomers have a convincing detection of a planet in Another Galaxy!?

https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration … her_galaxy

ESA’s XMM-Newton and NASA’s Chandra X-ray space telescopes, astronomers have made an important step in the quest to find a planet outside of the Milky Way.

Extra-Galactic Planet? We might have just seen our first exoplanet in another galaxy
https://www.techradar.com/news/we-might … her-galaxy

Jaw-Dropping Direct Image Shows a Baby Exoplanet Over 400 Light-Years Away
https://www.sciencealert.com/spectacula … years-away

How can we identify worlds around other stars that could have life?
https://astrobiology.nasa.gov/education … with-life/

Last edited by Mars_B4_Moon (2021-10-26 07:39:21)

Mars_B4_Moon · 2021-11-28 13:26:06

4,575 planets beyond our own solar sysyem
Confirmed

3,392
Planetary Systems in Total found

...more coming each week

Weird weather: Metal rain and super-high temperatures on an ultra-hot exoplanet
https://phys.org/news/2021-11-weird-wea … tures.html

NASA's JWST Primed to Lift the Haze Surrounding Sub-Neptunes
https://www.asdnews.com/news/aerospace/ … ubneptunes

Exoplanets with topsy-turvy orbits found around inconspicuous star
http://www.astronomy.com/news/2021/11/e … cuous-star

Astronomers Find Sub-Neptune Planet That May Have Liquid Water, Vital Ingredient for Life
https://www.newsweek.com/astronomers-di … ss-1649297

A Machine-Learning Algorithm Just Found 301 Additional Planets in Kepler Data

https://www.universetoday.com/153441/a- … pler-data/

Mars_B4_Moon · 2021-12-03 11:19:24

NASA's TESS Reveals 'lightest' Exoplanet Ever With A Year Lasting Around 8 Hours
https://www.republicworld.com/technolog … hours.html

The shortest-period gas-giant exoplanet discovered with TESS
https://phys.org/news/2021-12-shortest- … -tess.html

What NASA's discovery of hundreds of exoplanets means for us
https://news.yahoo.com/nasas-discovery- … 00144.html

SpaceNut · 2021-12-03 19:22:39

I just wish we could finds something closer to set a course to...

Mars_B4_Moon · 2021-12-08 13:21:01

ESO telescope images planet around most massive star pair to date - It is 10 times as massive as Jupiter and orbits at a staggering 100 times greater than the distance of Jupiter from the Sun.
https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso2118/

Giant planet imaged orbiting two massive stars
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-03607-y

Airbus to build Ariel exoplanet satellite
https://www.electronicsweekly.com/news/ … e-2021-12/

The Atmospheric Remote-sensing Infrared Exoplanet Large-survey (ARIEL) is a space telescope planned for launch in 2029 as the fourth medium-class mission of the European Space Agency's Cosmic Vision programme.
https://handwiki.org/wiki/Astronomy:ARIEL
The mission is aimed at observing at least 1000 known exoplanets using the transit method, studying and characterising the planets' chemical composition and thermal structures. Compared to the James Webb Space Telescope, ARIEL will have more observing time available for planet characterisation but a much smaller telescope and it will be launched almost a decade later.

Airbus will build ESA’s Ariel exoplanet satellite, planned for Launch in 2029 on a Ariane 6.
https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration … _satellite

SpaceNut wrote:

I just wish we could finds something closer to set a course to...

There has been a lot discussion here on newmars about Proxima Centauri, Titan, Mars, Europa and colonization of the Asteroids.

Mars_B4_Moon · 2021-12-28 06:05:28

Some more news and extra solar planet findings

Exoplanet Bonanza: 172 New Planetary Candidates Found – Including Some Truly Bizarre Planetary Systems
https://scitechdaily.com/exoplanet-bona … y-systems/

Overlooked Exoplanet Found by Citizen Scientists
https://www.seti.org/overlooked-exoplan … scientists

Astronomers Detect Signature of Magnetic Field on an Exoplanet
https://www.spacedaily.com/reports/Astr … t_999.html

SpaceNut · 2021-12-28 09:59:03

What is most weird is the number of wandering planets that we have found not circling around a star.

tahanson43206 · 2021-12-28 11:09:10

For SpaceNut re wandering planets in #35

Some of those might be suitable for habitation, if future residents brought plenty of fuel with them, to tide them over while they prospect for useful materials. A nice find would be a planet with plenty of Hydrogen and Helium for fusion power, and all the other atomic types needed to sustain life, such as Phosphorus and Oxygen.

The galaxy may have lots of wandering planets like that, as well as a wide variety of others.

If humans can get past the present stage of vulnerability, there is an entire galaxy to explore and for those so inclined, to settle.

(th)

SpaceNut · 2021-12-28 11:39:20

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rogue_planet

https://www.sciencealert.com/a-record-t … m-any-star
Astronomers Detect Up to 170 Rogue Planets Hurtling Aimlessly Through Space

"These objects are extremely faint and little can be done to study them with current facilities," says Bouy.
"The ELT [Extremely Large Telescope] will be absolutely crucial to gathering more information about most of the rogue planets we have found."

Calliban · 2021-12-28 18:29:22

Whilst extrasolar planets are interesting, the reality is that it will be many centuries before any human being sets foot on one of them.

Imagine the Earth as a ball some 1/2" in diameter, about the size of a grape. The moon would the size of a small pea, about one foot (0.3m) away. Mars would vary in distance between 20m (70') about 100m (325') away. We are close to being able to send human beings this far, but it is far from being technically easy and transit times are around 5 months. You can walk 20-100m in a matter of seconds. Our best spacecraft would travel across our model solar system a lot more slowly than a snail. Consider this: if Mars is 20-100m away, going to the nearest star would be like walking all the way around the world. Going to more distant stars, would be like walking around the world multiple times. The distances are actually hard to imagine. Sending men to Pluto is trivial by comparison, the equivalent of a 20 minute walk. A 90 year old could do that, an order of magnitude faster than the speed of light in our model solar system. Walking around the world is a task beyond the abilities of most men and even the strongest would need many years to complete such a task. I think it will be a very long time before human beings are able to travel across stellar distances. It takes light about 0.8 seconds to get to the moon, but fully 4.2 years to get to even the nearest star. Thing about how short 0.8 seconds is and how long 4.2 years is. This is a task that is truly herculean in its scale.

For the next few centuries at least, human civilisation will be confined to Earth solar system. The next two centuries, most of the action will be in the inner solar system, a mere 3 minutes walk from Earth, a disc extending from the sun to the outer edge of the asteroid belt. Very few people will go further than that in the next couple of centuries. Later, sizable human presence will expand to the Kuiper belt, a mere 20-30 minutes walk away. At what point would human civilisation be prepared to walk the equivalent of Earth's circumference? I don't see it happening in the next two centuries. Probably longer than that.

Mars_B4_Moon · 2021-12-31 06:19:17

At one time we did not know if planets were a rare thing around stars or not, then we started to see planets orbit “pulsars” rotating neutron star that has a magnetic field blasting out radition like a lighthouse does. Then a Sun-like star located 50.5 light-years away 15.5 parsecs a planet was found around 51 Pegasi, its influence on the star seen all the way from Earth. Over 4,800 exoplanets are since Confirmed 3,600 plus Planetary Systems

Kepler-186f was the first rocky planet to be found within the habitable zone thanks to the Kepler planet hunting telescope Launched in Mar 2009, the genesis planet‘ perhaps one of oldest exoplanets was found around a pulsar and a white dwarf in the constellation Scorpius some speculated it was almost as old as the 'Big Bang' or maybe they needed to redo the math? They think there might be an exoplanet in the habitable zone around our closest star, the Proxima-b is one of the most sought after exoplanets among astronomers worldwide. WASP-12b was found to have one of the lowest densities among all the detected exoplanets, it is expected that going over data on ESA's Gaia will detect some tens of thousands of exoplanets, the Kepler 11 showed a system tightly packed, with at least five planets within the orbit of Mercury, it sets off an idea that multiple planet systems like our own might not be rare.

Is Kepler-186f the Earth-like one?
https://www.centauri-dreams.org/?p=32470

From a 'Hot Jupiter' with an unusually quick orbit of just 3.2 DAYS to a rocky 'Super Earth' that could host aliens: The most weird and wonderful exoplanets discovered in 2021
https://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech … -2021.html

These discoveries were made with the current generation of ground and space-based observatories, although future telescopes, including the James Webb Space Telescope, will be able to see their atmospheres in more detail.

Last edited by Mars_B4_Moon (2021-12-31 06:20:06)

Mars_B4_Moon · 2022-01-01 14:01:39

more news

'Astronomers Discover Enormous Exoplanet Where it Shouldn’t Exist'

https://www.extremetech.com/extreme/329 … ldnt-exist

Named b Centauri (AB)b (or b Centauri b), found by the European Southern Observatory’s Very Large Telescope this newfound exoplanet is estimated to be only 15 million years old and 10 times the mass of Jupiter

Last edited by Mars_B4_Moon (2022-01-01 14:01:57)

Mars_B4_Moon · 2022-01-05 12:29:38

Interesting table on a website here

4911 planets / 3632 planetary systems / 808 multiple planet systems
http://exoplanet.eu/catalog/

You can click on the table to sort group the planets by Mass or Radius or Year-of-Discovery etc

Mars_B4_Moon · 2022-01-11 16:15:41

Cheops reveals a rugby ball-shaped exoplanet
https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration … dYtqY.link

Rugby like NFL but without pads?

There is also FootballCanadien, 'GolfCross' and Aussie footy with an oval ball

Last edited by Mars_B4_Moon (2022-01-11 16:36:18)

Mars_B4_Moon · 2022-02-23 09:52:50

TRAPPIST-1 Has 7 Earth-Size Planets

http://spaceref.com/astrobiology/trappi … anets.html

Day of Discovery: Close-Knit Family of 7 Earth-Size Planets

https://scitechdaily.com/day-of-discove … e-planets/

Mars_B4_Moon · 2022-02-25 05:16:54

Roman Space Telescope could snap first image of a Jupiter-like world

https://www.spacedaily.com/reports/Roma … d_999.html

Mars_B4_Moon · 2022-03-21 15:11:28

James Webb Space Telescope spotted by Europe's Gaia spacecraft 1 million miles from Earth

https://www.space.com/james-webb-space- … gaia-photo

Mars_B4_Moon · 2022-03-25 17:21:55

NASA Confirms 5,000 Exoplanets

https://science.slashdot.org/story/22/0 … exoplanets

A new batch of 65 planets joined the NASA Exoplanet Archive on Monday, triggering a celebratory mood. "It's not just a number," Exoplanet Archive science lead Jessie Christiansen said in a statement. "Each one of them is a new world, a brand new planet. I get excited about every one because we don't know anything about them."

The first exoplanets were confirmed in the early 1990s, which means we've set an impressive pace for discovery. NASA announced the planet count had hit 4,000 in June 2019 and it took less than three years to add another thousand to that haul. [...] We haven't definitively found an Earth clone yet, but the exoplanets spotted so far range from rocky worlds like ours to jumbo gas giants bigger than Jupiter. While 5,000 is an impressive number, it's just a tiny sliver of what's out there. Said NASA, "We do know this: Our galaxy likely holds hundreds of billions of such planets."

Mars_B4_Moon · 2022-05-03 15:40:23

Two rocky exoplanets discovered around nearby star
https://phys.org/news/2022-04-rocky-exo … -star.html

New Study Unravels Mysteries of Hot-Jupiter Exoplanets
http://www.sci-news.com/astronomy/hot-j … 10753.html

Plato exoplanet mission gets green light for next phase
https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration … next_phase

Gaia is a space observatory of the European Space Agency. The Radcliffe wave was discovered in data measured by Gaia, published in January 2020. In October 2018, Leiden University astronomers were able to determine the orbits of 20 hypervelocity stars from the DR2 dataset. Expecting to find a single star exiting the Milky Way, they instead found seven. More surprisingly, the team found that 13 hypervelocity stars were instead approaching the Milky Way, possibly originating from as-of-yet unknown extragalactic sources. The Gaia Archive is an ESA catalog that contains positions and brightness for 1.7 billion stars, including distances and proper motions for more than 1.3 billion stars.
https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/gaia/release

Mars_B4_Moon · 2022-05-19 14:08:15

Searching for exoplanets from Antarctica

https://www.skyatnightmagazine.com/spac … xoplanets/

Mars_B4_Moon · 2022-06-02 11:53:58

China proposes alien planet mission to hunt habitable worlds by scanning wobbling stars

https://www.space.com/china-habitable-exoplanet-mission

Mars_B4_Moon · 2022-06-11 10:36:48

New trove of data from Europe's Gaia mission will lead to best Milky Way map ever

https://www.space.com/gaia-data-release … y-best-map

The coming data dump will contain information about nearly two billion of the brightest objects in the sky. The release will supercharge the mapping of our Milky Way galaxy, experts say, allowing astronomers to see to the farthest fringes of the galaxy and also distinguish much finer details in its structure than ever before.
Gaia has been mapping our stellar neighborhood since 2014, and each of its data releases have led to giant leaps in our understanding of the Milky Way. Astronomers have learned about the precise positions of vast numbers of stars, their distances from Earth and the speeds at which they travel.

the European Space Agency announced that Gaia had identified a transiting exoplanet for the first time. Following its initial discovery, the PEPSI spectrograph from the Large Binocular Telescope (LBT) in Arizona was used to confirm the discovery and categorise it as a Jovian planet, a gas planet composed of hydrogen and helium gas.

https://rocketrundown.com/esas-gaia-obs … exoplanet/

Last edited by Mars_B4_Moon (2022-06-11 10:40:58)

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#26 2021-08-26 18:42:52

Re: Extrasolar Habitable Planets

#27 2021-09-16 06:58:39

Re: Extrasolar Habitable Planets

#28 2021-09-16 19:51:53

Re: Extrasolar Habitable Planets

#29 2021-10-26 07:36:41

Re: Extrasolar Habitable Planets

#30 2021-11-28 13:26:06

Re: Extrasolar Habitable Planets

#31 2021-12-03 11:19:24

Re: Extrasolar Habitable Planets

#32 2021-12-03 19:22:39

Re: Extrasolar Habitable Planets

#33 2021-12-08 13:21:01

Re: Extrasolar Habitable Planets

#34 2021-12-28 06:05:28

Re: Extrasolar Habitable Planets

#35 2021-12-28 09:59:03

Re: Extrasolar Habitable Planets

#36 2021-12-28 11:09:10

Re: Extrasolar Habitable Planets

#37 2021-12-28 11:39:20

Re: Extrasolar Habitable Planets

#38 2021-12-28 18:29:22

Re: Extrasolar Habitable Planets

#39 2021-12-31 06:19:17

Re: Extrasolar Habitable Planets

#40 2022-01-01 14:01:39

Re: Extrasolar Habitable Planets

#41 2022-01-05 12:29:38

Re: Extrasolar Habitable Planets

#42 2022-01-11 16:15:41

Re: Extrasolar Habitable Planets

#43 2022-02-23 09:52:50

Re: Extrasolar Habitable Planets

#44 2022-02-25 05:16:54

Re: Extrasolar Habitable Planets

#45 2022-03-21 15:11:28

Re: Extrasolar Habitable Planets

#46 2022-03-25 17:21:55

Re: Extrasolar Habitable Planets

#47 2022-05-03 15:40:23

Re: Extrasolar Habitable Planets

#48 2022-05-19 14:08:15

Re: Extrasolar Habitable Planets

#49 2022-06-02 11:53:58

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