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#1403 Re: Not So Free Chat » Vaccinate Your Children! » 2024-07-04 08:48:28

Here we go again with CDC confirms fourth human case of infection with 50 percent mortality rate as fears rise over new pandemic  human case of the H5N1 strain of bird flu was identified in Colorado,

As with the previous cases, the patient is a dairy farm worker who came into contact with cows that tested positive for the H5N1 strain of bird flu, or avian influenza.

The person reported eye symptoms only, received oseltamivir - an anti-viral treatment - and has recovered, the CDC reports.

Seems that anti virals are needed to evolve for treatment for these flu's.

#1404 Re: Human missions » Going Solar...the best solution for Mars. » 2024-07-04 08:35:24

Is Making Your Own Solar Panels Worth It?

You can buy a stack of standalone solar cells on Amazon for around $15.  which in turn generates an electrical current. 60 of these cells adds up to a 400 watt solar panel, which can provide enough electricity to power small devices and appliances in ideal conditions.

SUNYIMA 10pcs Mini Monocrystalline Solar Cells Solar System Kit 50mm X 50mm/1.96" X 1.96" 2V 160MA for DIY Charge Solar Panels61udEGEJhlL._AC_SX679_.jpg

#1407 Re: Single Stage To Orbit » New start-up aiming for a SSTO. » 2024-07-02 19:50:16

Reminds me of the Rocket Lab rocket to a degree.

#1408 Re: Interplanetary transportation » Spin Launch SpinLaunch Vacuum Launches Centrifuge Launched Mass » 2024-07-02 19:39:09

At the top of the "parabola" the rocket which was launch is now approaching a zero forward speed as gravity is about to pull it back to earth.

https://www.calctool.org/kinetics/range … ile-motion

https://www.desmos.com/calculator/on4xzwtdwz

From that point the kick stage needs to run until it gets to orbit picking up speed until it's at the desired orbit.

The Falcon 9 first stage separates from the second stage at an altitude of approximately 80 kilometers (50 miles). This happens approximately 161 seconds int flight but due to exit speed of the launch the new spot will be at a different time and altitude. Means that separation happens at 100.2 km and 7400 km/hr (2055.6 m/s).

100,000 ft is 30.48 km which means we are only half the distance for comparison.

https://www1.grc.nasa.gov/beginners-gui … -equation/
drageq-1-1024x622.jpg

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drag_equation

https://www.symbolab.com/calculator/phy … g-equation

https://aerotoolbox.com/atmcalc/

#1409 Re: Terraformation » Electrostatic atmospheric confinement » 2024-07-02 19:15:27

Yes, magnetic fields have been talked about as a  for mars atmospheric retention. Its is also similar to the radiation protection that I proposed for the Large ship....

#1411 Re: Science, Technology, and Astronomy » How to Improve Performance of Solar Panels » 2024-07-01 19:01:29

Wanted to see the link but its gives an error not finding the article.

Tech company unveils tiny spheres that outperform solar panels using both sun and artificial light — and the company says they could hit 60 times the current capacity

BB1p9c5y.img?w=640&h=400&m=6

Tech company unveils tiny spheres that outperform solar panels using both sun and artificial light — and the company says they could hit 60 times the current capacity


created tiny globes — from a little more than an inch to nearly 4 inches in size — that can harness both sunlight and artificial light to make electricity, according to the manufacturer.

The spheres, which resemble tiny Death Stars (or, perhaps for a more niche Star Wars reference, normal-sized training remotes), are 30 times smaller than solar panels, with 7.5 times the output. Astoundingly, she said they are more than 200 times more efficient.

#1413 Re: Interplanetary transportation » Spin Launch SpinLaunch Vacuum Launches Centrifuge Launched Mass » 2024-07-01 18:39:45

The flight path at first will be faster along a similar route but where the stage for the payload takes over is about in the same location as the falcon 9 profile. From when the second stage is no more, and we are using the kick stage.

_2347154_orig.png

The kinetic energy once launched will exit the system but begin to slow as it climbs with drag decreasing as it rises.

#1414 Re: Home improvements » DIY pallet home building » 2024-07-01 18:24:49

13 Different Types of Pallets (by Style, Design and Material)

Pallet-styles-diagram-oct9.jpg

hard wood mostly Oak but soft woods such as pine are just some of the types that can be found which include plastics.

#1415 Re: Meta New Mars » Housekeeping » 2024-07-01 18:17:06

Yes, it was good to see the email to James for what had been materials that we did make James aware of nearly a year ago but that's ok as all things are worth waiting for.

#1416 Re: Home improvements » DIY pallet home building » 2024-06-30 19:12:04

There are also the much longer and odd ball sized pallets that get used as I have seen for the snow mobiles and other stuff. These can have long 2x4 of 8 to 10 ft in length as well as the wider than 4 ft pallet boards.
Sure, it's going to be some work to pull in the resources of these pallets and take them apart so as to be able to build with them but its free materials.

#1418 Re: Science, Technology, and Astronomy » Google Meet Collaboration - Meetings Plus Followup Discussion » 2024-06-30 18:26:38

Kbd512, Sorry to hear family issues.

Good to hear the solar panels are back up and working.

About SunRun to TXU and GW choice with net metering

Good question on the rocket fuel for starship and for resources on orbit to build from.

1975 Russian Détente  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A9tente  that ended the cold war.

#1419 Re: Science, Technology, and Astronomy » Google Meet Collaboration - Meetings Plus Followup Discussion » 2024-06-30 18:03:14

I am here

I am able to hear you all

My smart phone needs the app but also my computer has no camera to make use of.

#1420 Home improvements » DIY pallet home building » 2024-06-30 16:53:54

SpaceNut
Replies: 45

Several pallet shelters and tiny home exist in this topic Climbing out of poverty

One needs land and knowledge of zoning so as to be able to build but once that is possible then one needs material that can come from recycled materials to make a shelter, starter habitat so as to raise a greater sum of money to build a final much larger home.

15 Places to Find Free Pallets Near You

intro-1637694518.webp

Then again one can purchase a home that is tiny from a number of places.

Do Tiny Houses Really Save You Money?

intro-1669286528.webp

#1421 Re: Human missions » Shipyard? » 2024-06-30 16:41:46

I would think that man is capable of neutralizing these chemicals and covering the areas where it might be possible and once its contaminations is contained then it's possible to work on the ship.

All fuels will have precaution and handling to make it safe to be around.

https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/201 … 033304.pdf

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/ful … 014/729313

https://propulsion-skrishnan.com/pdf/N2 … ruster.pdf

https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/201 … 033329.pdf

#1422 Re: Not So Free Chat » Climbing out of poverty » 2024-06-30 16:36:16

Those that want to claim homelessness a crime should create small homes to keep people from becoming that way based on income that they have. Some communities have what is called section 8 and some other such but they have waiting lists not week, months but multiple years.

Pros And Cons Of Pallet Home LivingBB1iqJMk.img?w=768&h=431&m=6

or is this better
28485524-8327477-image-a-198_1589694371689.jpg

but them again this is more to what we usually find
IMG_8896-scaled.jpg

#1423 Re: Not So Free Chat » Politics » 2024-06-30 10:17:52

The most recent Trump /Biden debate was horrible from both sides and the calls for them to bow out are increasing.

Philadelphia Inquirer calls on Donald Trump to withdraw

Biden meets family at Camp David as calls to exit the race grow

There are many others that could be a replacement for Biden and they include The world must prepare for President Michelle Obama

#1424 Re: Planetary transportation » Running on Compressed Air? » 2024-06-30 10:08:10

kbd512 wrote:

tahanson43206,

If you're willing to "reserve" 3m^3 out of 215.05m^3 as unusable tank capacity, to allow you to operate the air turbines at 180psi vs 90psi, then your air consumption rate is cut in half.

58.5cfm / 4.5kW = 13cfm/kW
13cfm * 60 minutes = 780ft^3 per kWh
212m^3 / 22.0871m^3 per kWh = 9.598kWh
Edit:
505.15595kg / 9.598kWh = 52.631kg/kWh <- Substantially lower than the Lithium-ion battery pack on its own, in order to achieve 25,000 duty cycles before unacceptable degradation occurs for either the compressed air tank or the Lithium-ion battery pack

Your air turbine(s) might benefit from 1 or 2 additional expansion turbine blade-disks / "blisks" to extract more energy from air expansion, but you get 39% more energy to work with by regulating air pressure at 180psi (12.4bar) vs 90psi (6.2bar).  There's obviously a practical limit as to how high you can go, and higher pressure equals more noise, but there are various commercial air tools which consume higher-psi air.

This would negate or offset any advantage Lithium-ion batteries provide, in terms of weight, if both technologies are expected to provide 25,000 duty cycles before they have to be taken out of service and replaced with new equipment.

Edit #2:
If you doubled the regulated / operating air pressure again, to 360psi, then you give up 6.28m^3 of tank capacity (the volume and weight of air in your storage tank which would be below your regulated air pressure), but your air consumption rate is cut in half again.  Your tank's service life benefits from a less extreme pressure cycling as well.

215.05m^3 (at 850bar) - 6.28m^3 ("lost" to operating at 360psi / 24.8211 = 208.77m^3
6.5cfm * 60 minutes = 390ft^3 per kWh
208.77m^3 / 11.0436m^3 per kWh = 18.834kWh
505.15595kg / 18.834kWh = 26.821kg/kWh

Our compressed air's gravimetric energy density, relative to a Lithium-ion battery capable of surviving for 25,000 duty cycles, is now more than twice as good.  At this point, we would definitely require a bespoke air expansion turbine design with more stages.  Let's say our lighter air powered car requires 150Wh per mile, and we're no longer going to bother with the additional complication of a flywheel to conserve energy.

18,834Wh / 160Wh per mile = 117.7125 miles of driving range

If power was directly proportional to weight, then it should require 139Wh per mile, but I presume some inefficiency of air vs electricity.

Anyway...  I hope this makes sense to you.

#1425 Re: Planetary transportation » Running on Compressed Air? » 2024-06-30 10:07:13

energy efficiency

kbd512 wrote:

These are the basic stats on US annual fuel consumption:
137,240,000,000 gallons of finished motor gasoline consumed in the US during 2023.
56,261,100,000 gallons of distillate fuels consumed in the US during 2023.
3,200,000,000,000 total miles driven by all US drivers per year.

Now Let's consider the energy required to "charge" air powered cars that weigh about 1,000kg:
85,000kPa = 850bar
100kPa = 1bar (sea level atmospheric pressure)
3,600J / 3.6kJ = 1Wh

kJ = (P2 - P1) * V
kiloJoules = (Final Pressure in kPa - Initial Pressure in kPa) * Volume (in m^3)
kJ = (85000kPa - 100kPa) * 0.253 = 21,479.7kJ = 5,967Wh

We'll assert that our compression process is about 80% efficient.  Some compressors might be more or less efficient, but 80% is a good value to use for industrial scale air compressors.  That implies actual compression energy is about 7,458Wh.  That amount of energy provides about 100 miles of driving range for our air powered car.

32,000,000,000 * 7,458Wh = 238,656,000,000,000Wh = 238.656TWh

Constant power output of about 27,243,835,616Wh is required.  This is equal to the output of 27 1GWe nuclear reactors.  Spread across all 50 states, about 545MW, which is equal to the output from two large commercial electric power gas turbines.

However, we want to do this without consuming hydrocarbon or nuclear fuels or specialty metals, so we won't be converting any of that solar thermal power into hydrocarbon fuels or electricity.  President Biden's administration blocked environmental permits for proposed new Copper and Lithium mines here in the US, so they clearly don't want EVs, either.  Maybe someone in his administration finally figured out how much worse EVs are for the environment compared to burning oil.  At the same time, Democrats block all new nuclear reactor permits, and see it as their duty to ensure that no new reactors are built.  In conjunction with President Biden's continuation of the trade war tariffs with China, that's driven a stake through the heart of photovoltaics, wind turbines, and battery production expansion attempts.  They're being taxed, tariffed, or otherwise regulated out of existence.  We're essentially left with nothing, and unsurprisingly, we're not happy.

In an earnest attempt to both skirt around Democrats' apparent unwillingness to do anything constructive to reduce hydrocarbon fuel energy reliance, while actually addressing a minor aspect of climate change in a cost-effective way, I'm proposing using solar thermal power to compress air so we have workable and affordable energy to use to power our vehicles.  I would think that this solution is the most environmentally benign of all options presented.  It requires far less specialty metals input from Russia or China, unlike EVs.  It's the option with the longest service life and lowest total cost of ownership.  It's a poor man's solution to a rich man's silly game.  The new "fuel" (compressed air) will be taxed to pay for the roads and bridges, since our haughty EV owners don't contribute anything to their upkeep.

Solar thermal requires quite a bit of steel and some Aluminum coating material to reflect and thermalize photons, as well as salt to store thermal power at night to continue production at a reduced rate.  My materials of choice are steel, concrete, salt, air, and water in a closed loop subsystem for waste heat recovery from air compression, for purposes of additional mechanical power generation to improve overall air compression efficiency.  Maybe we can improve overall energy utilization efficiency during compression to about 85%.  Alternatively, we could supply flash-evaporated fresh water.

If our drivers had an affordable alternative to a gasoline powered vehicle for their daily commutes, then the US could potentially reduce our annual gasoline consumption by about 95%.  We'll still need gasoline for light aircraft, power tools, and some off-road uses, but the quantity consumed will plummet.  Providing a cheaper alternative to gasoline is the only viable way to end our reliance on it.  Price sells cars and energy.  EVs don't sell because they're too expensive for what they provide to most owners- a commuter type vehicle.

At 33,700Wh per gallon, we consume 4,624,988,000,000,000Wh worth of gasoline per year.  That's about 19.38X more energy than compressing enough air to charge the tanks of air powered cars.  This is not to suggest that the energy was used inefficiently, because the total weight being moved was not reflected in the top line energy consumption figures, merely that a light vehicle powered by air would consume a lot less energy.

At 250Wh/mile, if every vehicle on the road was a Tesla Model 3, then we need to supply 800,000,000,000,000Wh of electricity for our drivers to cover 3.2 trillion miles.  That's about 3.35 times more energy than 1,000kg air powered cars would require.  All their electrical and electronic gadgetry eats up a lot of power, and battery operated vehicles are almost twice as heavy, which is part of why they cost more and consume more energy.  Heavy vehicles require more energy to operate, period.  This also suggests that air powered vehicles could be made twice as heavy while still consuming no more energy than EVs.  Air powered cars can't beat EVs on range or acceleration, but across every other metric EVs are toast, even before they self-immolate.

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