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I would think that a lack of an atmosphere, or a magnetic field, would lead us to believe that mars is subjected to quite a bit of cosmic radiation, and such radiation would lead to sterilization of the upper crust of regolith. I would also imagine that the chemical composition of the soil itself and the environmental conditions of mars would lead to oxidation of the top layer of regolith.
For what's its worth, it's irrelevant to #4's idea if the upper crust is sterilized or not. He was mentioning the use of plants in structures that would obviously have the technology to block harmful radiation if they were to be used for human habitation. Anyhow, there are lifeforms on Earth that can survive millions of rads of radiation and still live. To give you some idea of how significant that is, 1000 rems will kill any human being. So I'm not convinced that the radiation levels received on Mars should automatically lead us to the conclusion that the upper crust is sterilized.
I think it's high time we at New Mars, obviously intelligent people with an abiding interest in the Red Planet, stopped regurgitating 25 year-old unsubstantiated supposition as though it were fact!
Speak it Shaun!
any idea what the timeline would be for that? ie, What would we send first? At what point would minning and all that jazz be a good idea?
I really have no idea when the best time to start operations like mining would be, but I'm a supporter of the idea that a fairly small colony might be able to manufacture some of the goods its needs with microfactories that process raw materials. If we can find deposits of useful materials that don't require us to dig down far or crush billions of tons of rock to get a handful of X element, we could probably mine rather efficiently with small-scale but powerful equipment. I'm thinking of posting pictures of some of the small scale equipment that exists now that could be used on Mars with modifications. And to all the skeptics out there, I'm not saying we can build huge cities like this, but we might be able to produce the materials we need for small concrete buildings, spare parts, or whatever.
I believe we should put more priority on sending people to Mars simply because in the long run Mars will likely prove more valuable to us than the Moon. Of course I have nothing against going back to the Moon, but it just doesn't have the potential for both science and colonization that Mars does.
According to geophysicist J. Marvin Herndon, Earth started life with a core of uranium 8 miles in diameter. In the past 4.5 billion years that enormous natural fission reactor has used up most of its fuel, and the uranium core is now only 5 miles across. (A reduction in volume of 75%.)
Damn, that's a big chunk of uranium. I wish people would start to entertain the idea of switching to a hydrogen power base that would use a *small* number of nuclear power plants to extract the hydrogen we need. Of course big oil lobbies and environmentalists will both cry bloody murder at such a thought, but I believe it's a solution to our energy and environmental problems. It's better than turning the clock back to the stone age at least like many of the hardcore "environmentalists" want us to.
I have an idea which might explain it. What if Mars DOES have a nuclear reactor at its core, but it was never as big as Earth's. It may be that such a reactor would 'poison' itself with fission products more quickly due to the smaller volume of uranium. And, in the lesser gravity of Mars, those products would tend to float to the outer core more slowly. Thus, the periodic and natural shutting down of the fission process, which we experience here on Earth as magnetic pole reversals, would occur more often and last longer on Mars.
Is it not possible, or even probable, in such a scenario, that we have arrived at Mars (with our instruments at least) in the middle of a magnetic field shut-down?
Impressive theory! I wonder how else you could test it. If we could take cores of Martian regolith and look for tell tale signs of magnetic reversals (I believe they do this on Earth somehow by checking the polarity and alignment of certain minerals) maybe we could ascertain how long ago Mars had a magnetic field. If it had one fairly recently, then your fission idea might be an explanation for why it "died" so recently. Of course I'm no geologist so everything I just wrote might be total crap, but it might work.
If I remember correctly, his doctoral thesis at CalTech focused on attempting to determine whether the mind is an extension of the brain -- and thereby dependent upon the brain for its being and function -- OR if the mind is a phenomenon separate from and ::not:: dependent on the brain.
Existentialists use to argue this point a lot. Of course existentialism is practically dead now, especially since Satre turned into a traitor and nobody believes in true free will anymore. A lot of religious people though still cling to the idea that the mind and brain are separate entities because it lends credence to idea that we are spiritual beings in the sense that we have souls. Anyways, Adrian picked a fascinating area of research. I'm a big AI nut and I believe if we're going to succeed in creating truly intelligent, self-aware "machines" we'll have to first increase our understanding how the brain works.
You all know by now that I'm really into 18th-century stuff...that is, if you've been reading in my folder devoted to this subject in the "Free Chat" area. I own and moderate a mailing list via Yahoo! Groups devoted to this subject matter as well; my list is called "Age of Voltaire" (what else, ha ha).
Just out of curiosity when and how did you discover Voltaire? There just aren't very many people out there who would develop a great interest in philosophy. One of the things that annoyed me about college was that so many of the people there had absolutely no passion whatsoever for the subjects they were majoring in. They just did it because they thought it would lead to good jobs, which is ok in it's own right, but still depressing.
The old team is still going to get together and finish working on the mass driver, and I still have to finish the 1:1 replica of R2D2 that was put on hold while I finished school. Somehow during all the other things, including finishing the EVA pack I started yesterday, I'm supposed to make a "Wizardmon" doll.
Awesome! I've gotta have one of those R2D2 droids! R2 is my absolute favorite droid in the sci-fi universe. I hate C3PO, but R2 rules.
I usually log into the forums through the New Mars site since I like to see if any new articles are up.
I am curious as to why you want to go to mars?
So I can hunt the horned pink beasts that live there with my big f-ing gun! Someone should design another entertaining game that revolves around Mars somehow. Personally though I'd find something like "Mars Greenhouse Simulator" fun so I'm probably not the ideal designer for the task.
Recall Ayn Rand's statement, "If there are degrees of evil, it is hard to say who is the more contemptible: the brute who assumes the right to force the mind of others, or the moral degenerate who grants to others the right to force his mind." Of course, the latter portion of the quote would ::not:: be applicable to children, as they usually do not have the option of just walking away. I had to quote the entire sentence, considering how it starts out.
I agree 1000%. This is why I have such a hard time with the concept of the "philosopher king." I haven't read Voltair's take on the situation, but Plato basically believed the philosopher king had an inherent right to force his rule on the society at large since s/he was considered to know what is best for society even if the peons disagreed with it. Considering that Plato believed in the use of censorship and other shady uses of information to best inculcate the will of the state into the citizenry, I think he basically defended the notion that the enlightened rulers had a right to be beasts of sorts in that they deserved the power to ramrod their policies into effect. And I think anybody who would willingly give up their right to freely express their thought and political will to a "philosopher king" so s/he may do as they see fit is the worst kind of beast. Plato thought democracy was abhorent, even though he does give it a scant defense here and there for mere reasons of illustration. Well, I could go on and on but I'll shut up before the server runs out of space.
Skinnerville
The most successful Martian settlement will be named Skinnerville, in honor of behavioral psychologist B. F. Skinner. The people of Skinnerville will all have read Skinner's "Beyond Freedom and Dignity" at least twice. They will all regard themselves as sociocultural systems engineers and they will have the skills to adapt to novel situations faster than any other people on Mars.;)
Scott
Sometimes I wish Dr. Skinner had a different last name. Everytime someone mentions the "skinnerbox" my skin starts to creep from the images such a word conjures.
It's not teraforming the planet, but say, a dome or base. Build it on the ground, have patches of mars sticking out of the floor and build a sort of CO2 exchange device to give the residence clean air.
This would also no doubt yield invaluable information on future efforts.
And give you a nice garden.
This is the type of "terraforming" that I think will become standard on Mars at least for a very long time. It's just easier to build massive structures that give you plenty of habitable space than to terraform an entire planet. There are extremophile bacteria that might be up to the CO2 task you spoke of. If there's bacteria on Earth that can survive boiling temperatures and thrive in millions of rads of radiation, I don't think you'll have a problem. I know I've read articles that claimed certain types of bacteria could live in Martian conditions provided they had water (which we could provide for them), but I can't remember where they are right off the top of my head. I'll get back to this.
Also, Mars "floor" is comprised of super-oxidized dirt sterilized by cosmic radiation, a lack of nitrates, or any of bio-bits for soil.
Nothing a little soils engineering can't take care of. Anyway, don't get the idea Martian soil is totally unsuitable for plants. It does contain a lot of the inorganic nutrients they need like sulfur, potassium, etc . We'll just have to treat it first. #4's idea of recycling organic matter into the soil will work fine if we just take the fertilizer, etc, we need for our first batch of crops and then recycle organic wastes back into the soil from there.
After we send a manned mission to mars, what then? what kind of plans do you guys think would be feasible for colonization and populating the red planet?
Welcome aboard #4 . At the moment the plan seems to entail sending other habs to various parts of the planet until significant portions of Mars have been explored and then to start clustering habs together into something of a base. Personally, I think we should just skip the other steps and start clustering the habs together immediately. We can just build long range rovers that could circumnavigate the planet, or travel over a good part of it anyway. Even though the scientific objectives are the most important, I'm more interested in doing things like creating efficient greenhouses, extracting water, making concrete, etc. In other words, developing the technology and techniques needed to make a Mars colony fairly self-sufficient.
Plato wrote that justice will come to cities when ". . . philosophers become kings or kings genuinely and adequately philosophize. . ."
After reading Plato's other political ideas, I've come to one conclusion: philosopher kings be damned.
The latter would be more ideal for him, as he could then ensure he's not dealing with "dreamers" and "children"...although one must wonder why he didn't have the brains to remove himself from the seemingly irksome company of "dreamers" and "children" to begin with.
Yeah, next thing you know those children and dreamers'll be thinking they can build heavier than air flying machines and take flights of fancy to the moon! *gasp*. If all the people in the world were hardcore cynics like Novamarsolla we'd never have left the cave! I can just see him discussing the absurdities of attaching little sharpened rocks to the end of a flying stick to get more meat! Anyways, children are very open and curious about things. Good qualities in my opinions, even though some of us are just brats!!
The image the hackers left was what appeared to be a Greek goddess of greenish cast with a bullet wound in her forehead and blood trinkling down her face. It put me in mind of the face of the Statue of Liberty, but I'm not sure it was (and no, I'm not running with 9/11 matters).
From your description it must have been some anti-American low-life out there that hacked the site. Sheesh, I can certainly think of better sites to hack though if you hate the USA. The Mars Society is an international organization. I guess the moron didn't have the skillz to hack into a site with higher security measures.
Mars isn't a living being. It couldn't careless what happens to it anymore than a rock cares whether you kick it or not. It's just an aggregate of materials that swirled together 4.5 billion years ago that may host a microbe or two.
Og say: "Earth outside tropical Africa have value for self, not just tool-making."
Guk say "aye, we stay here till we all dead"
Stay here in the cradle till we outgrow it and watch it crumble to pieces around us?
I understand how you can perceive industry on Mars as nothing less than the rape of a pure world. However we must go somewhere, and I'm not so sure that Mars will be utterly destroyed as you describe.
I mean hey, I know Earth has seen more than its fair share of pollution and environmental destruction, but it is still the most beatiful and complex place there is, IMHO...
If we want to examine "environmental disasters" just look at what early life did to this planet! Earth itself is a terraformed planet since few lifeforms and absolutely no higher life forms would be able to exist on the Earth that hosted the first microbes. In my opinion it would be going against the nature of life for us to just sit on this planet until the sun or whatever else wipes us out when we have the technology to escape such a fate. I think Nova up there is a good example of the anti-human version of the environmentalist that would have no problem with the extinction of the human race. God knows I've had the mispleasure of meeting plenty of people like that.
Since you think we're all "dreamers" here, I'm sure you'll be leaving very soon. After all, why would you wish to hang around with "dreamers" who will "never" accomplish their goals?
You aren't here to discuss your differences; you're simply here to insult and degrade others. I for one don't appreciate a garden-variety sh*t disturber like you.
Don't let the doorknob hit your arse on the way out.
Go Cindy! It's often the dreamers who moves things forward. If you read the writings of most of the early rocket pioneers like Goddard, etc, they clearly had visions of travelling to Mars and beyond before even before jet engines were invented. And I guess Arthur C. Clark was a happless dreamer when he envisioned communication satellites in 1948! And you certainly would find no shortage of people even in the 50's and 60's who said a manned moon mission could never happen. I think our friend here epitomizes the common smug shortsightedness that seems to be catching on in our culture.
I mean to say "I disagree with almost everything he says on the subject of economics". As it happens, I do agree with Josh on lots of other things.
My point wasn't to criticise Josh's views, but to show that he debates them in a rational way rather than through personal attack.
Greets Pat. I don't think you have to prove to anyone that you were defending your opinions in a legitimate way. After all there's a big difference between smearing people and merely disagreeing with them. I think our new member here can't quite comprehend that fact.
A 2006 timeframe is just... annoying. Isn't China to begin their manned space flights in 2005? C'mon NASA, fix yer damn manned spaceflight problems.
Unless there's been a schedule change, the articles at Space Daily indicate that China is planning to launch their first manned mission in 2003. Bad thing though is that China apparently won't be putting up a space station for another 25 years if those recent glut of articles are accurate. I guess that means we can kiss goodbye watching taikonauts bounce across the moon in 2010. I guess they could just pull a moon hoax.
Not only would it annoy all of the ISS partners who paid up on the assumption that they would be able to send astronauts up (which you can't do unless there's capacity for six) but it would also cripple the station's ability to do any real science whatsoever. There *are* useful things that can be done on the ISS, and the general consensus I saw at the science conference I went to was that now it's up there, we might as well use it.
Yeah, your right Adrian. NASA would be nailed to the wall if it were to suddenly pull the plug on the ISS after putting this much effort into it. The public and anti-space politicians woud have a field day pointing fingers and demanding an end of funding to various NASA projects. It's a true damned if you don't, damned if you do kind of situation.
Instead, what I propose, is just let Mars "sell" itself. Give children a chance to learn about Mars, and become inspired by its inherent beauty. I have a neice that considers Mars to be her "favorite planet, because it's red." No odd-ball copulation proceedure was needed to achieve this: She learned about Mars in school, and has become enchanted by it on her own.
I second that. Nothing will kill an idea faster than forcing people to adhere to it. If you try to force people to be interested in Mars, you can rest assured that just the opposite will happen. And anyhow if I were to go to Mars I'd rather go with people who are going of their own free will and not because they've been programmed with ritualistic Martian mumbo-jumbo down through the ages.
The 1967 Space Treaty (which the USA has signed) declares that private appropriation of space is illegal and that Mars is the province of all humankind. Therefore, 1stly the settlers in the lowlands don't own the place that they are occupying, and 2ndly, terrafomers have no right to change Mars without the signatories of the Space Treaty renegotiating the treaty. This is a good thing 'cause both the settlers AND the terraformers would only be imperiously annexing then destroying an environment that doesn't belong to them anyhow.
Assuming the totalitarians who want to control the universe can't stop people from migrating to Mars, Mars will likely come under the control of the people who exist on it, and rightfully so. To a native born Martian, Earth treaties probably won't mean much anyhow. After all, would you really give a damn if some governmental body a 100 million km away thinks it has a right to rule over you? Sure, at first, the Martian colonies will likely abide by Earth laws or suffer the consequences of being embargoed or whatever, but once Mars gains self-sufficiency there will be no reason for them to live under the thumbs of the totalitarians on Earth. The native born of Mars will claim the planet as theirs and rightfully so.
Questions then: Am I an extremist in thinking this? Or am I a mainstream law-abiding peace-loving citizen and it is you Mars-dudes who are the extremists wanting to colonize another planet?
Depends on the laws your obeying. Would Blacks in the South be extremists because they sought to overthrow segregation? Are people who would want to start a new life on Mars because they feel they'd have more opportunity there be extremists? Does blindly following oppressive and totalitarian laws automatically make you a well-rounded, peaceful, and moderate individual? In my opinion there's nothing wrong with fighting oppressive laws. Laws which prohibit people from colonizing another planet are most certainly a form of oppression.
Last I read, the Translife experiment wasn't due to launch until around 2005.
I agree with the sentiments that NASA should get to work on more productive projects. At this point the ISS would better serve as a tourist trap to generate revenue for more worthy space endeavours. Most of their projects could be carried out fine on a smaller, much more inexpensive space station.
I'm thinking if we came across a really big asteroid and we had some time to work we might be able to construct a giant pusher-plate in orbit to attach to the asteroid. After we attached the plate we could use nuclear charges to propel the asteroid into a different orbit. We'd basically turn the asteroid into a giant Orion type spacecraft. The technology to pull such a thing off shouldn't be to hard to conjure considering that we've been designing nuclear explosives for fifty years. Of course we'd have to cross our fingers and hope we don't blow the thing apart and cause a horrendous rain of death to fall onto the planet.
Preach on, Phobos!! I agree with you whole heartedly!! Now, we need to get the current administration to "get the ball rolling" on nuclear fusion research and eventually to propulsion systems and energy sources for our future spacecraft!
Glad someone out there agrees with me. I definately concur that we need to pump more funding into nuclear fusion research even though the anti-technological, authoritarian nuke-phobes out there will throw a tantrum over it. If we're ever going to reach the stars or colonize any place off Earth for that matter we're going to need energy sources with massive outputs. Of course there's a large element of anti-human scum in the greenie movement that would shudder in disgust at the possibility of humanity spreading throughout the universe! There's no better way to prevent such a "tragedy" then to put the clamps on technology that could generate ungodly amounts of power.
Saying intelligent life can take on any form leads us straight back to thinking intelligent life can be on the moon, venus, mars, jupiter, and of all places the sun, but we've clearly found otherwise.
Intelligent life probably could take on any form as long as the prerequisite materials and conditions required for life were present. Earth might be the only place in the Solar System where intelligent life could develop (can't rule out Europa just yet though, who knows what we'll find there) but considering the trillions of stars that exist throughout the universe I just don't see us being alone, especially with all of these discoveries of extrasolar planets pouring in.
I imagine that second and third generation 'fleet telescopes' would be able to not only resolve Earth sized planets but also perhaps even continents on them (if they existed).
That would truly be a feat to behold. I wonder how far we have to go technologically in order to image detail on Earth sized extra-solar planets. I hope before I kick the bucket they publish gorgeous photos of a planet with continents and liquid oceans orbiting some obscure star.