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#1 Re: Interplanetary transportation » >>> SALT propellent solid rockets? >>> » 2007-09-26 16:29:10

Nik

Um, first of all, that site's down.

Second, if I've read the chemistry correctly, he's *electrolysing* the salt-water to produce dilute hypochlorite bleach solution and hydrogen gas, which then burns in the usual way.

I'd be interested in the mechanism and efficiency of the radio-electrolysis, because it is an old, old technology given a new twist. Beyond that, what does he propose to do with the left-over bucket of caustic bleach ??

#2 Re: Interplanetary transportation » Storing highly ionized plasma at low density for ion drives. » 2007-09-26 16:19:11

Nik

Um, look at the problems of low-pressure plasma containment for fusion research...

My guess on the internal pressure for this scheme would be combustion chamber of rocket engine-- Just before it spontaneously disassembled.

Mind you, if he cares to try it, I'd be interested in the numbers.

#3 Re: Terraformation » Structure of Terraformed Mars Atmosphere » 2007-09-05 16:22:16

Nik

Hi. I'd posted several queries about conditions in Marineris during the proposed 'Warm Wet' Precambrian, but had no reply...

D'uh, I only wanted the info for an argument between two characters in a story: given 'Andean High Plateau' at the rim, what of the Bottomlands ? Would hypothetical residents crave Raj-era hill-stations above the fug ??

Well, probably, yes-- which what my intuition suggested. I may battle with half-forgotten math and unfamiliar atmospheric physics to put better numbers on it, but I reckon I was close enough...

IMHO, Terraforming 'our' Mars to 'temperate' in the Bottomlands would be a Great Project, something that would rank beside the Great Pyramids for sheer gall.

Agreed, the current inventory of Martian volatiles is almost certainly inadequate for terraforming-- well, there's no Moon stirring the tectonics, no free water to feed the continental conveyor and flush volcanic volatiles, that lower gravity let the legacy atmosphere billow, aeons of solar wind barely hindered by a weak magnetosphere stripped it away etc etc 

Perhaps the permafrost extends much, much deeper than the data suggests, but I'd not bet on it...

Never mind what Mars had, the current inventory offers little better than stratosphere: There's just enough to be tempting...

FWIW, I've a copy of Martyn's book shelved some-where, and consider it a 'tour de force'.

#4 Re: Terraformation » Structure of Terraformed Mars Atmosphere » 2007-09-04 17:43:37

Nik

Heavens !! Marineris could resemble a chunk of the 'golden age' tropical-swamp Venus that never was...

How big could you grow rain-forest or mangrove in low g ?? Most of that flora is pre-adapted to thrive in shadow-- which would be tree-top illumination on Mars.

If you don't mind, I'll pass on the Brontosaurus, though I imagine feral pigs might get rather large...

#5 Re: Terraformation » Structure of Terraformed Mars Atmosphere » 2007-09-03 14:32:26

Nik

Disclaimer: I've truncated some trailing decimals, and it is a long, long time since I've wrangled a graph...

Given:

0   km altitude 100% pressure, Plog10 =2
47 km altitude   10% pressure, Plog10 =1
94 km altitude     1% pressure, Plog10 =0

y = a*x + b
2=a*0 + b, so b=2
0=a*94 +2, so a = -2/94

so Plog10 = 2 - ht * 2 / 94

And assume 100% = 15 psi for comparison...

km   %     psi
0  _  100  _  15.0
1  _  95.2 _  14.3
2  _  90.7 _  13.6
3  _  86.3  _ 13.0
4  _  82.2 _  12.3
5  _  78.3  _ 11.7
6  _  74.5 _  11.2
7  _  71.0 _  10.6
8  _  67.6 _  10.1
9  _  64.3 _    9.7
10 _ 61.3  _  9.2

Okay, Tom, does this compute ??

#6 Re: Terraformation » Structure of Terraformed Mars Atmosphere » 2007-09-02 17:02:28

Nik

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric_pressure
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hb … arfor.html

How do those Martian figures compare to Terrestial pressure / altitude tables for the bottom five or ten miles ??

http://sablesys.com/baro-altitude.html

Per my question in other sub-forum, what would the conditions be in / around Valles Marineris ??

My naive reading of the numbers suggests that Mars' pressure drops slower with altitude than Earth's so, for valley-floor at 15 PSI, Marineris' rim would be 'Everest High Camp' rather than 'Everest Peak'. Is this so ??

Similarly, if the rim was 'Andean Altiplano', what would conditions be like at mid-wall and down in the Bottomlands ??

#7 Re: Terraformation » Down in the Bottomlands... » 2007-09-01 07:32:58

Nik

The discovery of the tilted shoreline linked to precession etc seems to confirm a Young Wet Mars...

Okay, I'll not get into the knotty issue of 'when last', whether 1 aeon ago, or three...

Given a time when parts of Mars were wet, so above freezing at sea level, what would conditions have been like in Valles Marineris ??

That's a big, big canyon. How many miles deep ?? Five ?? Yeah, right...

IMHO, nearest Terrestial equivalent would be the Messinian Event, when the Med dried up.

Are there any estimates of temperatures, pressures and weather atop the plateau, mid-wall and down in the Valles Bottomlands ??
---

Similar question applies to Terraformed Mars. Assuming enough cometary imports to raise atmospheric pressure to 'flowing water' for a few millenia, enough greenhouse to thaw those caps...

Will Mars be 'Out Of The Silent Planet', with 'High Plains' / Andean Plateau conditions in Marineris and 'Everest' everywhere else ??

What's the lapse rate ??
---

Cross-posted to this sub-forum in desperation...

#8 Re: Interplanetary transportation » Guitars & Rockets: Similarities » 2007-08-31 07:28:27

Nik

I've been following Alan Bond's multi-cycle engines for a while so, when I read that they had tested Sabre's extraordinary heat-exchanger, I had a few questions...

Okay, for commercial reasons he could not give details but he *did* state that the heat-exchanger core 'sang' as an Aeolian Harp during spin-down...

I commented that this might provide some interesting diagnostics via fourier analysis etc as filaments heated, stretched, bowed etc etc. Naturally, he could not comment-- Beyond a Smiley.

http://www.reactionengines.co.uk/index.html

#9 Re: Not So Free Chat » Which forum ?? » 2007-08-28 12:13:46

Nik

http://www.spaceman.ca/vm/index.php

Creation of the
Valles Marineris
    A brief paper outlining the creation of the Valles Marineris and the methods used to investigate the leading theories. Various instruments from numerous martian orbiters (Mars Odyssey, Mars Global Surveyor, Viking, etc) are also discussed.

Presented April 4th, 2003 as part of a intro geochemistry undergraduate project on planetary geology at Simon Fraser University.

Entire report


Introduction
Remote Sensing
Geography
The Present
The Past
Conclusion
References
Pages copyright © 2004 Kerry Cupit.
---

Which forum would be best place to post this link ??

#10 Re: Interplanetary transportation » Shipyards » 2007-08-28 08:48:55

Nik

Too true.

Snag is NASA, ESA, Russia etc-- D'uh, we ALL believed NASA's forecasts for Shuttle costs & schedules. Big Expendable launchers had no place in the grand plan.

I've seen the arguments about Saturn5 being 'old tech'. but it worked *just fine*, would have done nicely to loft modules, capsules, even a lifting-body or two. Didn't happen. The Shuttle was expected to under-cut expendables' costs, turn-around in less time than it took to build and test an expendable...

The only realistic jobs for expendables beyond 'national pride' were polar orbit and other 'out of plane' paths. Even interplanetary probes would ride Shuttle to low-orbit, courtesy of 'Inertial Upper Stage'.

So, ESA put their money into building modules to suit a Shuttle lift. And, lo, NASA screwed up. And the ISS was scaled back, down-sized, down-sized twice more, deferred, delayed, crewed to a bare minimum. And, lo, NASA screwed up again.

( Analogy is building a range of custom cab-overs for the pick-up trucks you've seen in the new brochure, then learning the trucks will be a year late, twice the price and a five-star lemon with-all... )

Now, ESA, Japan, China, Russia, Brazil, SeaLaunch etc etc are re-learning the Saturn5 skills, building bigger and bigger expendable launchers.

Surprise, surprise, NASA's official shuttle-replacement Orion rides a Big Expendable launcher.

By the time Orion flies, three or four other groups will have similar lift capacity, several private 'reusable' launchers will be prototyped, and 'fly to orbit' tech may be pushing them hard...

Did you check the SABRE links ? That improbable heat-exchanger *works* and, IMHO, is as significant a development as 'Lancashire' tubed boilers...

#11 Re: Interplanetary transportation » Shipyards » 2007-08-27 16:36:46

Nik

Hi, T, IIRC, there is a LARGE chunk of ISS space-station which ESA built and NASA have yet to launch.

There would have been more, but NASA kept scaling back, delaying, re-designing etc. Losing a couple of shuttles didn't help...

FWIW, check out Alan Bond's SABRE engine...

http://www.aau.ac.uk/rel.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SABRE

http://www.reactionengines.co.uk/index.html
Look under current projects...

#12 Re: Interplanetary transportation » Shipyards » 2007-08-27 11:57:32

Nik

Brilliant !!

We could even build wondrous space stations at L4 & L5 using material rail-gunned from Moon !! Perhaps even a Bernal Sphere or two !!

Unfortunately, we're still at the 'Coracles, Sewn-Plank & Clinker-Built' stage of space-ship building. Alas & Alack, the 'Great Endeavour' is currently careened whilst that sprung plank is laboriously repaired...

FWIW, I've been in British Interplanetary Society long enough to want to weep over NASA's decades of bumbling...

#13 Re: Meta New Mars » Font size during text entry » 2007-08-27 07:13:51

Nik

[size=24] test test
Um, sorry, I still can't read what I'm typing... [/size]

Apologies if above was all over your page, but my browser shows the square brackets etc with tiny text between. Like this...

#14 Re: Interplanetary transportation » Followup on the Heim Drive » 2007-08-26 19:06:55

Nik

I could not get the recent document to open, but that may be my paranoid firewall's doing...

Um, the theory is questionable, but the science looks good. If it works and is reproducible, then there are, indeed, possibilities.

IMHO, one such rotating whatsit could be considered analogous to a homopolar motor or generator: Interesting, but limited by topology.

But, take two or more, turn them sideways-- Assemblages may have interesting multi-polar and far-field effects. Whether or not these have any use is another matter entirely.

FWIW, the recent generation of super-cooled space-telescopes may supply ways to keep cryo-kit cool long enough to try these effects under lower gravity...

#15 Re: Interplanetary transportation » Artificial Gravity » 2007-08-26 18:35:12

Nik

D'uh, how do you move the relativistic particles' containment ??

IMHO, if you did without that stuff, you could use the saved mass to carry a VASIMIR or similar torch...

#16 Re: Interplanetary transportation » WARP DRIVE, AHEM! » 2007-08-26 18:27:06

Nik

I don't know if it was an arcane math joke, but I've heard a suggestion that Alcubierre's 'bubble of space' does not need 'exotic matter' if you use a Limacon of Pascal configuration with ship in pocket...

( Something about cancelling unwanted infinities ;- )

Of course, it still leaves the interesting problem of how to make any such bubble...

Um, I suspect Dook has been caught out by magneto-gravitics and frame-dragging. They're real, they require correction for eg GPS but, so far, they are vanishingly small on our familiar mass-scale. Now, were some-one to find a 'giant mg effect'...

#17 Re: Meta New Mars » Font size during text entry » 2007-08-26 17:15:00

Nik

Hi, there's font-size options to apply to post, but they don't work during entry....

I've used my browser text-size options, but only parts of the web-page respond.

How do I get forum's 6point or is it 8point big enough to read ??

I do NOT want to compose in eg Notepad at 12 or 14 point then paste in...

#18 Re: Water on Mars » When there was water in the Bottomlands... » 2007-08-26 17:01:33

Nik

The discovery of the tilted shoreline linked to precession etc seems to confirm a Young Wet Mars...

Okay, I'll not get into the knotty issue of 'when last', whether 1 aeon ago, or three...

Given a time when parts of Mars were wet, so above freezing at sea level, what would conditions have been like in Valles Marineris ??

That's a big, big canyon. How many miles deep ?? Five ?? Yeah, right...

IMHO, nearest Terrestial equivalent would be the Messinian Event, when the Med dried up.

Are there any estimates of temperatures, pressures and weather atop the plateau, mid-wall and down in the Valles Bottomlands ??

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