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#9226 Re: Science, Technology, and Astronomy » Open letter(HEIS). » 2013-03-16 09:02:27

Well, I am probabbly too light weight for this match.  However I advise some caution.

I am much more comfortable with the notion of a agumentation of an existing mind.  Less comfortable with a higher speed connection between multiple human minds, or a human mind an an animal, (However much could be learned from that).

It does suggest a talking dog, a cyborg grey parrot, crosslinking with a dolphin.

But the caution is in creating a thinking entity that is not human, for which we have no social structure to deal with.  We generally know what to expect as a human developes, be even then we now and then get trouble from one gone wrong.  Even then, those follow expected pathways in general.  It is what we don't have any familiarity with that concerns me.  While a rising breakout from normal cycle is what I desire, I do not desire a deviation so outside of experience that it does not connect with human heritage, but replaces it with an uncontrolled predatory replication pattern.  (Predatory not so much in the sense of eating, but in the sense of nullifying the human experience and heritage).

#9227 Re: Science, Technology, and Astronomy » Open letter(HEIS). » 2013-03-15 09:30:55

SarK0Y

Void, any social system dictates hive mind by one way or another. Biological brain is hive of cells too. only collective work makes possible to create civilization & we must have a system to organize this creative process of going towards future.

While I might present ideas from my personal (Which is a culturally infulenenced) bias, and others are of course welcome to adopt, or question them, my primary purpose for joining the hive with you at this moment is a sanity check, so thanks for the "Check".

I will attempt to present some arguments, which do not invalidate your statement, but might add qualifications to it.

These will only be related as arguments as to why I think we need to maintian concious awareness of the problems that the hive mind can present.  I do not present them as absolute, but as perceptions, which to me are supported by significant evidence in history and in my personal experiences.  Many are drawn from books written by persons living in previous time periods.  So the samples span time longer then my era or immediate culture.

1) "The crowd, A Study of the Popular Mind." by Gustave Le Bon.  A crowd of idiots is as smart as a crowd of Einsteins.  The hive mind of a crowd is an idiot.

2) "Woman And Power In History" by Amaury De Riencourt. On his word, I draw that prehistoric culture myth had primarily female diety, and were cyclical in nature, up until the advent of the Hebrews and the Persians, and the emergence of male diety represented a shift that helped to create the modern world, linear thinking, the ability to rise (Or fall) from the limits of cyclical thinking.  I add on my own that women have 4 or 5 spoken words for each word that a man will speak.

3) My own assertions are that we have an opportunity to rise (Or fall) from our current cycle, and a concious awareness of the process is required by individuals who choose it and who can find it.  The crowd will always opt for the tried and true, bread and the circus, because a crowd is a idiot.  The idiot will then make it impossible for the idividuals who can make a difference towards rising to do so, rendering social energy into non productive activities.  Productive being difined in this case as capability, capability to access a new frontier.

4) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pretty_Good_Privacy  I regaurd encription as a waste of my time.  Although I had planned to expand my programming capabilities in that direction, after those idiots did 9/11, I concluded any such activity would draw moronic response from our national hive, and concluded that my efforts would be better invested in other things.  However the philosophy of the software has value I believe.  The notion that privacy and personal property drive the ability to rise above a cycle.  Otherwise, if anyone can walk off with your personal intellectual and material property, (A tribal culture), everyone knows your business, then the hive has much too much of an edge over the individual, and the individual wastes it's time and weakens itself against competitors and is driven out of the gene and meme pool.

5) We need to channel to the degree that we can the path that is taken.  The balance is between those who read books, and those who write books.  The word book symbolizes recorded memes.  Many many people follow books, and do not think.  This can been very efficient as to capture the matrial goods and to dominate the gene pool and exclude other types, but it's capability is primarily in reptition, cycles.  Writing a book requires that you have something to write (Worthless or Useful).

6) In this current world as in previous worlds, there are emergent cultures writting new things, and there are heritage cultures clinging to old things from books.  Muscle and bones.  A good body is not all bone.  A good body is not all muscle.

7) An Astronaut recently said that motion appears to be connected to mind.  He said that there is an organism that when young is free swimming, but when older anchors itself to the bottom of the sea, and then eats it's central nervous system.
Trees do not have what we would call a brain.  Read between the lines if you like.

8) I have just experienced an era where a baby boom thought outside of the box, and invented new technologies, then a power group invented as many crimes to harass them with as they could.  Crashed the process to possess it, then redirected it to provide controll.  Even so I have benifited, since it turned out I could be of service, but most of my generation ended up being put into chains by their own inventions, so that a group of people could bend reality and choose the winners and loosers not on the basis of merit, but on the basis of selfish inherited unconcious motivation to procreate at the expense of others.  Not something unusual, but really quite predictable from history.

I guess I think it comes down to making the point that you should look before you leap.  The mouth and ear are one thing, the hand and the eye another.  Except for the deaf, mostly hiving is done with words.  What about the eye and hand?  Inventions, individuality lives there more.  Since access to space is to a large extent a question of manipulation of material objects the eye and hand are more important.  But yes manipulation of groups which are inherantly idiots is also important.  This is where we could likely hope for intellegent wise women who do not make the focus of their lives the minipulation of playboy men disguised as leaders (Who then recipocate by channeling unearned material goods to their matrons).

I think I will go to the gym again.

Awareness that's all I am asking for.

#9228 Re: Science, Technology, and Astronomy » Open letter(HEIS). » 2013-03-10 23:45:34

A good point I guess.  Childlike behaviors in adults can be a sign of advanced intellegence I believe, so long as it is coupled with capability and sensible judgement.

But on this one, if it is to be, I think we should be careful to catch the bus and not let it catch us.

There are still far too many people around who have satisfaction in consuming the lives of others to satisfy primitive instinct for dominace.  This is in plain sight in our world as we live it now.

#9229 Re: Science, Technology, and Astronomy » Open letter(HEIS). » 2013-03-09 20:58:35

Perhaps you will tollerate my comments.

I have pondered things like this, not quite the same but related.

For instance I have tried too peer ahead to the path that might be taken, to inhabit some of the Moons of Jupiter or perhaps a cold Earth like planet around another star.

I have considered just how efficiency and survival might lead the descendants of the humans or some other alien population.

My solution for cold worlds is to be able to master oceans under ice sheets, since smaller outer worlds seem to offer this, and inner worlds at best offer dry rigolyth and ice at shaded locations.

I have considered an engineered human connectable to a diriviative of a primitive whale.  With a avatar robot on the surface also connected.  The "Whale" which would have legs so as to walk in tunnels in the ice shell, but could also swim in the ocean below.  The "Human" would perhaps have minimal lungs, but would be connectable by a placenta type organ to the "Whale".
The "Whale" would digest primarily "Hydrogen" and an Oxydizer for energy and would derive it's other needs from the water, and perhaps the "Human".  As it would not eat with it's mouth the human would ride in it.  And so keep warm. "Johna" : )
The human would be able to disconnect from the whale when in the tunnels.  The tunnels could be habitable and warm, lined with manufactured materials.

The brain of the whale could be cybernetic.  The Robot on the cold surface of course also so.  Those three minds could be linked as in the rats, so the human could be aware of self or the whale's experiences, or be aware of the experiences of the robot working an very low temperatures on the surface.

But this would be a different life form, not a humans as we conceive of it.

What would be it's psycology?

Beyond that we have the danger of the hive mind.

Individual humans could be as dim witted as bees, if they were all linked together.  The hive would direct them.

Where the danger is is the conflict between efficiency and capability.  Sadly, efficiency is what nature favors, not intellegence.

The limits of communication have caused humans to have atonomous awareness as individuals.  1,000,000 chimps typing on keyboards might result in one of them stumbiling on a clever new thing.  One hive mind is one hive mind.

In my opinion verbal language has already damaged the evolution of the human mind.  We do need sufficient efficiency to acutalize material goods, to actually live out the dreams that we may have, but their is a danger of generating an unwise organism that only exists to spread, a virus in it's effect of existance.

There may not be a thing we can do about this, but I think stupid ant hives would be a sad ending for our heritage, when we are about to have the chance to live the dream of Solar system and perhaps even interstellar expansion.

On the other side of this is might an organism be created that can solve all puzzles in the universe in 1 hour?  Then what does it do to amuse itself?  Do we wreck our existance, our happiness, by achiving to much in the wrong direction?  Like a child who enjoyed swinging on a swing, but now we are adults, and even seniors, and would we enjoy it now?

Anyway I have not developed thinking beyond this so far.

#9230 Re: Terraformation » Terraformation by Asteroid Impactor » 2013-03-04 23:04:36

Courage to try is a good thing.

Laying down in the dirt and giving up... Not so good.

I like your optimism.  But beyond that point of desperation, I actually think this could happen.

#9231 Re: Terraformation » White Dwarfs Habitable Planets » 2013-03-03 20:56:35

Interesting stuff.

As far as stiring such planets, perhaps Jupiters system could be a model. 

The spin of Jupiter I believe tries to raise the orbits of Io, Europa, and Ganymede with tidal action, but because those moon cause a flexing of the interiors of each other, the orbits do not rise, but instead the spin is turned into heat which at least in the case of Io drives volcanism.

Some of the other parts of your telling suggest that that if there were to be successors to the present day human population of Earth, they would first migrate into the outer solar system and adapt to icy worlds, and then when the sun became a white dwarf, they would migrate back in.  Perhaps they could even influence the formation of new planets close to the white dwarf.

That's along time from now.  I am guessing it won't be humans as we define ourselfs.

As for migrating to white dwarf systems, well maybe someone will.  However your second part implies that the chemestry of our bodies would not behave in a manner we are evolved/created for.  At least not close to the WD.

I cannot speculate on how that could be managed.

#9232 Re: Terraformation » Terraformation by Asteroid Impactor » 2013-03-03 14:26:45

I want to speculate on a possible associated process, one that might be available if humans did in fact have the ability to manipulate small space rocks and asteroids.

Several methods for the manipulation are alternates, but I am going to suppose this one again:

(The multi laser system)

http://phys.org/news/2013-02-asteroids- … earth.html

I will define my scope next.  Some people think that a Mars flyby has use.  Some focus on a first landing on the surface, which I agree is likely the hardest, and for the most part is beyond my skills.  I am suggesting a later era where space mining is occuring in the Earths gravitational field and beyond, and people are being moved in significant numbers to those "beyond" locations.

I will reassociate this with the notion of the Terraformation of Mars, because to me it is logical that having people in the proximity of Mars will facilitate terraformation.  Automated systems will as well, but I am mostly interested in how you comfortably move significant numbers of people to the area of Mars.

Moving and mining small objects in the proximity of Earth is the vision that I think I have seen emphasized.

However, as a trial balloon, I suggest creating "Focal" points in a solar orbit with a 15 month period.

A crew would have a sized down transport which would have the ability to reach these focal points, and pause for a period of time.  During the pause, the persons would be employed in asteroid processing work, and would have access to artificial gravitation, and exercise equipment when they were off shift from their work.

I have gestimated 15 months, reasoning that it takes some energy to exit the Earths gravity well, and it takes more force to move outward in the suns gravity well nearer the sun than further away.

I don't want to be dogmatic about the form of propulsion, there are many and will likely be many more.  However, at this moment I am speculating about a cylinder to hold powdered printed metal/slag, which could be inserted into a thermal insulator jacket.  A laser would pump heat into it from one end.  When it was hot enough, a tank with a mixture of water and Hydrogen Peroxide would provide Oxydizer for chemical energy for a burn.  (The insulating jacket would reused at the focal point and would not go on the trip).  I choose these, because some metals and other materials could be used to build the local infrastructure in the "Focus", some could be exported to Earth and Mars, and some "Slag" could be reduced and turned into the powdered printed fuel.  As for the mixture of water and Hydrogen Peroxide, I simply want to reduce the amount of Hydrogen expended and boost the Oxydation potential for chemical energy release.  I also want to reduce the need to handle things like cyrogenic propellants.

Having reconditioned themselves, by exercise and perhaps medical treatments for radiation damage, and having served for passage, the crew would re-occupy their ship and depart for Mars.

By the above process, I want to reduce the size of the ship that carries people.  By doing "Jumps" this might be an availible option.

Most likely these people would have the intention to move to Mars as immigrants.

#9233 Re: Terraformation » Terraformation by Asteroid Impactor » 2013-02-25 15:53:06

I took the time to find out that comet is an Orrt Cloud comet, so lots of energy as you indicated.  But I don't know the size and cannot quantify how much that energy is relative to a process perhaps desired.

I do know that a very large object with high energy could envelope Mars in a steam bath for 10's of years.  A huge one could cause the present atmosphere to float off, and would leave an iron atmosphere for a time.

I guess you could try the "deeper hole in Hellas" trick, but ideally for that you would cut a object into pieces, and have high precision trailing impacts to the same spot.

A different trick would be to take some of the materials of Phobos and Demos and construct a object to strike first, shreding the comet before it hit.  That could reduce the amount of shattering of the bedrock, and might lessen the amount of atmosphere lost to a splash. 

In my ideal world, Mars would heat up to just above the point where high temperature Earth organisms could survive, and as it cooled you would inject a sequence of lower and lower temperature organisms.  By the time Mars reapproached frigid, perhaps the biosphere could stand on it's own, generating greenhouse gasses, and maybe even allowing for a significant ozone layer.



In another direction, it would be good practice for terraforming Extrasolar cold Earths, an impact allowing a window of habitibility where a crew could habitat that location and promote a biosphere, or at least have a favorable temporary climate until they had dug in and set up to prosper in a glacial type world.

#9234 Re: Science, Technology, and Astronomy » A hot fusion reactor » 2013-02-21 00:40:48

I'm not against anything that works.  The next unexpected breatkthrough is what will likely get us to a new chance, and I think we can agree that we want that.  Expected breakthroughs, they typically just lead to more chains.

The status quo is death.  I am also skeptical of the cold fusion thread I started, more so than this one, but someday someone is going to find a way, and it won't be a conventional dogma scheme.  1 in 1000 might work, but still, it is important to keep trying.

#9235 Re: Terraformation » Recent superconductor news and it's importance in terraforming » 2013-02-21 00:37:25

Well, a plan is a plan, which is better than none.

I have to say that opposing the force of the solar wind will be a daunting task.  I don't say that to be a jerk.  I wonder if we could turn the solar winds force against itself?  Pull it's energy and turn it against itself.  I don't have a plan, but I have a desire.

#9236 Re: Interplanetary transportation » Nuclear rocket » 2013-02-21 00:32:05

Thank You,

Rusakof

It is nice to get an answer.

Of course I have made a complex and perhaps unressonalble request, but you gave me part of what I wanted. As did GW. 

Really thanks.

#9237 Terraformation » More credible than Cold Fusion, and maybe a source of Nitrogen » 2013-02-19 17:10:02

Void
Replies: 3

I encountered this article from Physorg.com which although speculative in the largely uncredited area of cold fusion, never the less to me is interesting to consider.

http://phys.org/news/2013-02-nuclear-re … ement.html

The parts that interest me are that the information suggests that in theory, a resonance of electrons could concentrate a force that could enable this process, the article also says that achieving that is particularly hard.

They more or less suggest that Nickle can be converted to Copper with Hydrogen as an aditional actor, and that a energy gain might occur.  They also suggest the conversion of Carbon to Nitrogen, but give no indication of an energy gain (Or to the negitive).

Mars having an atmosphere currently approximately 1/3 Carbon, and likely from the isotope information I have seen having Carbon stored somewhere, a greater source of Carbon. Nickle being availble in current existing impacts to Mars, and also in the asteroid belt, it is an interesting matter.  Carbon is also available from the asteroid belt.

A source of Nitrogen perhaps and also just possibly a source of energy?

I guess the part that made it a bit possible to me is this:

"Several labs have blown up studying LENR and windows have melted," according to Dennis Bushnell, Langley's chief scientist, in an article he wrote for NASA's Future Innovation website. This, he wrote, indicates that "when the conditions are 'right' prodigious amounts of energy can be produced and released." But it's also an argument for the approach that the Langley researchers favor: master the theory first.

I suppose the machine and it's energy input might have done that, but still Phys.org and NASA are somewhat involved.  I have to wonder.

Of course to convert that much Carbon to Nitrogen, you would then generate large amounts of energy.  For my thinking in that case, then you melt the polar ice caps into an ice covered ocean in the North, and a series of ice covered lakes in the south.

Add salt, and you have Antarctic dry valley lakes capable of capturing solar energy, and perhaps of a biosphere.

This would likely be assisted by other terraforming tricks.

And maybe an O2 + N2 atmosphere.

#9238 Re: Interplanetary transportation » Nuclear rocket » 2013-02-17 23:50:23

Thanks for the reply on the Nuclear part.

However, given an energy source nuclear or non nuclear, does it make sense that a "Mix" could be useful as a propellant?

One part which expands more with the application of heat, and one part which has greater mass per volume.

The example of water with Hydrogen bubbles in it, becomming water steam at a high temperature, and also Hydrogen which expands more, pushing the water steam to expand more.  I have woried about the Hydrogen becomming disolved into the steam but I believe that at least for liquid water, you can saturate it and then add more.

Obviously if you have water, you can have Hydrogen.  What you do with the excess Oxygen beyond breathing it of couse is another issue.  I have tried to consider if it can provide propulsion by being expelled with a linear accelerator (Magnetic), or if you could inject it into the steam stream as well.  Perhaps not only normal nuclear heating could be applied, but could you also boost the thrust by applying some microwave energy to expand the down stream flow just a bit more at the outlet?

Of course handling plasma might be something you would not want to go to.  Just superheated gasses?

#9239 Science, Technology, and Astronomy » A different kind of habitible zone for Water/Ice planets. » 2013-02-17 23:40:08

Void
Replies: 3

I have tried to get feedback on this before, and somehow did not.

If anyone cares to speculate with me either in the negitive or positive it will make me happy.

I have been considering what happens when a planet with more water than Earth, perhaps enough to cover most or all of the continents is outside of the habitible zone as normally defined.  I think that there may be a process that may allow parts of the planet to be habitible.

The easiest to justify version would be around a Red Dwarf (M) star.  The idea is favored by the planet being tidaly locked, but is not entirely dependant on it.

In the case of a Shallow ice planet (I would define that as too shallow to support a planet wide underground ocean, but with enough ice to allow a hole perhaps 5000 to 10,000 feet (or more) to be excavated by sublimination over time.

My logic on this is that Saturns Moon Titan can support a Nitrogen dominated atmosphere, so that is the aproximate limit of energy to support a non-collapse of the atmosphere.

Earth is too warm to support a planet wide deep glacier.

An Earth in the orbit of Mars could most likely support some open water ocean.

Perhaps the energy input to Ceres is what I am thinking of, but around a red dwarf star.  A icy Earth with a layer of water ice perhaps 20,000 feet deep, or if you like 30,000 feet deep would behave as I think?

If it were an "Earth" around a Red Dwarf, and was tidal locked (Which is less likely the further you go out in orbit), it could be that the spectrum of the Red Dwarf would still actively evaporate the ice on the "Sunward" side, and escavate a very large pit.

Of course this disequilibrium would be answered by a more active glaciation trying to fill the pit, but a balance point would be achieved.

Without the use of exotic greenhouse gasses, an extra layer of atmosphere 10,000 feet deeper than the average surface of the glacier which would cover the dark side would provide warming for the sunward side at the lower elivations.

Supporting the atmosphere on the dark side is an issue.  The further out you go, the harder it is to cycle enough heat to the dark side.  However, it would be reasonable to speculate that it should be possible in some cases for the dark side to remain warmer than the condensing point of Nitrogen.  Not CO2 however.

This presents a problem of carbon lockup, but it can be answered by the flows of glaciers into to sunward side pit.  Of course the "Ice Pack" would have to have a lot of dry ice in it as well as H2O.  But since that planet would not have as active a means to chemically lock up the CO2, a large content of CO2 is a real possiblity.  So the carbon cycle for this planet would involve a glacial loop.

Also, for such a planet it is possible that tidal interactions with neighbor planets would cause subglacial volcanism, both bringing more CO2 into the surface, and also causing rivers to flow out from under the ice into the large pit on the sunward side.  Unfortunately as in Iceland, many times this would be catastrophic floods, but it would still be able to fill bodies of water which would in time become salty.

A more secure location for life might be secured where the land at the bottom of the pit was elivated to a degree.

So such a world with an extra layer of trophosphere might allow for life support even outside of the normal habitible zone in the cold.

As for "Earths" around Yellow stars, it might be possible that a equatorial pit would erode, with two massive polar ice caps bounding it.  Such a world would be more stable if it had a significant Moon,  however in the absence of one, the pits would wander over the ages.

As for the notion that the ice of such a world would be permanently reflective, and so would cause a snowball Earth lock up, I am inclined to think that cosmic dust, and also dust storms originating in the deep pit would deposite a non-reflective coating to much of the ice cap.  You might argue that Vapor from the pit would then deposite snow on top of that, but it cold be true that the mosisture in many cases would only escape from the pit at a low rate.  Most of it would fall as rain or snow or hail back into the pit.

It would take millions of years to form such a pit.

Anyway, that is about it.  Some worlds might fit into this other "Godilocks" zone.  Many would fail for one reason or another, just like not every "Earth" in a normal habitible zone will have reached it's potential to harbor a livable habitat.

#9240 Re: Interplanetary transportation » Nuclear rocket » 2013-02-15 17:54:27

I need some further understanding on the use of nuclear propulsion in space.

Typically I have read that Hydrogen is the prefered propellant, because of it's expansion properties.

I have also seen reference to water as the propellant mass, because it is availble many places in space.

I am wondering about a hybrid.

What might be possible where you would have a pressurized tank, and pumped water into it and also Hydrogen in a compressed gas form.  An agitator would be needed to mix it into a slurry of water and compressed Hydrogen bubbles.

Having that could you heat it in a nuclear propulsion system, and get the advantage of Hydrogens expansion properties, and also the mass of the water?

(I am guessing that cavitation might be a problem with the metal parts).

I am thinking of a bullet.  The rifle recoils when the burning explosion pushes the bullet out of the gun barrel.  So the water is the bullet, but it also vaporizes and expands in the rocket nozzle, and the Hydrogen is an even more expanding gas.

I understand that water could be corrosive, but could the Hydrogen counteract that as well?

Alternately you could push heated steam out of the nozzle, and inject liquid Hydrogen?

#9241 Re: Terraformation » Terraformation by Asteroid Impactor » 2013-02-15 17:43:20

Karov,

I will take the caution.  The sideways impact was just to change the length of days of Mars towards that of Earth.

I still think about the hole though, but yes there would need to be an evaluation of costs/benefits.

Conveniently something else has come up.

http://phys.org/news/2013-02-asteroids- … earth.html

If you can stop asteroids from hitting Earth, it should be possible to make them hit Mars.

There has been much talk about altering existing resources on Mars, and also with some method moving desired materials to Mars, but asteroid hits are like a re-boot arn't they?

With such a system, a very mild "Great Bombardment" might reset Mars to a temporary youth.

Of course I would want a deep hole.

Rods are also a notion to think about.  If you have robots they can make them for you?

What about segmented rods?

A segment of reduced materials such as Magnisium, with some Sodium inclusions, and then a segment of a solid peroxide?

Altenating segments, and then plunge them into the crust, and let them mix and react.

I am not sure how much more energy that would inject, but it would be more.

If the normal number for energy were 1.0, and the chemestry added .1, still 1.1 might do something that 1.0 would not.

#9242 Re: Life support systems » Synthetic biology for improving food yields » 2013-02-11 17:39:07

I am thinking go with the microbe with the sugar.

An inflated plastic bag on the surface partially filled with water could maintain a relatively gentle habitat for the bacteria, since if there is enough thermal inertia, ice phase can be avoided.  (I would think you would cover these balloons with a UV protective plastic tarp draped over them.

Yeast(O2 + Sugar) = Protein & Alcohol.

Alcohol could likely be feedstock for oil and plastics.

Mushrooms(O2 + Oil & Biowaste) = Certain Nutritions humans can use (Mushrooms can grow in a warm damp cave).

So, you would already have a good start.

After that you would only need a relatively small greenhouse to provide the rest of the needed nutrition.

Of course turning yeast into an appealing food might take some work.

I would start like that, and hope that they also engineer some complex plants for great efficiency.

#9243 Re: Terraformation » Terraformation by Asteroid Impactor » 2013-02-11 17:27:15

Terraformer,

You can have it all, manipulate the planet, and the impacts could generate atmosphic alterations.

I have been wondering (Way out there) if the planet could be given a more Earth similar day in length.  Lots of sideways impacts for that.  I wonder if multiple impacts like that could scoop a large gouge in one or more places.  I am not sure that humans will even maniupate objects on that scale, but after that the atmosphere would have to be altered in chemestry, and volume I would think.

As for the hole, I think a gouge in the bottom of Hellas might end up with a pressure of 33 mb, if the average surface pressure had already been moved to 11 mb.

With further terraforming with an even denser atmosphere such a hole would be the first place where a partial pressure suit could be used, a city could be put in the hole. 

Terraforming even more, eventually that hole would be the first place where you only needed a breathing apparatus.

KAROF

What are you thinking of doing with your "Really deep impact, could be done by elongated / rod shaped projectile"?

(I thought puncture a magma pocket if there are any).

#9244 Re: Human missions » Sustainable Access to Mars: Interplanetary Transportation Architecture » 2013-02-04 19:08:36

That's a notion to consider.  Be useful if you can.  That's pretty much the requirement to play ball.

#9245 Re: Terraformation » Terraformation by Asteroid Impactor » 2013-02-03 12:15:11

I am sure there are many more capable of answering the Magnetic Field part of your post.

However, I have read that it is thought that the Moon of Earth had a temporary magnetic field when an striking object caused it's crust to spin at a rate different than that of a then liquid core.  An oblique impact might work, but I think we still don't know enough about the interior of Mars.  I have also read that "A" scientist thinks that tectonic action is only now beginning on Mars, that it was slow in comming.  I think that is a minioirty opinion.  In that theory, the rift valley is just the beginning.
Maybe a shattering action could unlock or create plates?

As for assisting terraforming with impacts, I would look into an old thought I read about where the thinkers wanted to impact a chain of asteroid pieces sequentially in the same spot in the Hellas Basin, to produce a small very deep depression, where they thought that a lake from ground ice could form.  They thought that that little spot being warm from the impacts (The rocks retaining the heat), and having a lake in it would be the seed where life planted would automatically terraform the whole planet eventually (100 years?).

I think the hole would be arid.  However perhaps a combination could be considered to improve the situation.

-If possible generate a temporary magnetic field (Temporary being 1000 to millions of years).  Do that with an oblique impact if it is possible to do.

-Make the deep hole in the Hellas Baisin.

*Maybe one or both of these events would cause the atmosphere to be thicker as well on a temporary basis.

-Address Phobos and/or Demos as a terraforming source potential.
     -Toss dirt on selected sections of the polar ice cap in hopes of inflating the atmosphere more, if necessary.
     -Try to scrub the Chlorine out of the Martian atmosphere in hopes of allowing some type of Ozone layer, using dust from
      Martian moons.
     -Fo the deep hole in the Hellas Baisin, try to produce snowfalls, using moon dust to try to seed precipitation.

-If needed also introduce greenhouse gasses.

A consirvative estimate supposes that there is enough C02 in the South polar ice cap to move the average surface pressure to 11 mb.  I am going to guess that if that occurs the best pressure in Hellas might be 20-25 mb.  In the deep hole it would be more.

Anyway that's all I have for it.

#9246 Re: Human missions » Sustainable Access to Mars: Interplanetary Transportation Architecture » 2013-02-03 11:48:13

I don't want to interupt your worthwhile conversation, but I have a notion of an item of hardware to propose which might be useful to an interplanetary mission where water is a large source of propulsion mass.

Here is my simple cross section diagram for it:

WaterChamber_zpsf1ae61dc.jpg

The notion is to use a "Bigelow Expandable Activity Module, or BEAM" as a rigid container.

http://abcnews.go.com/Technology/inflat … d=18240124

Inside a flexable/foldable/elastic bag filled with air.  Inside of that a pole or a pannel to attach equipment or sleeping persons to.

As the water gets used up as propellant, the area filled by air gets larger.

Upon a refueling, it gets smaller.

I think the circular Bigelow BEAM might be quite good, if it is not too mass heavy.  That is something I do not know.

I do not expect that the travelers will have only this to dwell in, but would have an attached crew compartment.  However for various reasons it might be useful to be able to habitate the air filled volume as well at times.

-Cramped space in a crew module.
-Radiation storm.
-Radiation protection during sleeping.
-Crew module becomes temporarily marginal for habitation.

I have indicated two modes of use, the pure water mode would be where you do not want to monkey with purifying the water in the volume before using it for propulsion.

The other mode would allow you to grow plants in the water if the air bag was transparent.  This would allow you to use LED's mounted on the pole or pannel to illuminate the interior, and that would be to produce Oxygen, purify Urine, and just maybe grow food.  That whole process would be an additional complecation, and would require also that the water be purified, perhaps by distillation before being processed for propellant.

It is worth noting that one of these would be a novelty, but several joined as a unit could be a space station around Mars, and also a propellant depot.

Anyway, it is a direction to consider perhaps.

#9247 Re: Human missions » A Return to the Moon by the Apollo 11 50th Anniversary. » 2013-02-02 20:40:20

I like all of your notions.

I might add a strange one.  I recall that one of the Sci Fi books I read as a kid had a guy visiting a monistary, which I think was a sort of a cycling spaceship.  I think that for philisophy, the Moon would be quite a stimulus.  The near side puts the whole Earth in view at times, as the Apollo missions briefly demonstrated.  The far side would be another thing as well, only the stars in the sky of the universe.

Monks typically do not require large material needs, but are willing to toil for their group.  Not many are called for such a thing, but there are some.

I would think that for them the Moon would be quite a place of contemplation, with the remoteness from worldly matters, and the celestial views, and the truth of the death of the human body just outside of the shelter.

It is true that religion has been at times a prompter for human wandering.

#9248 Re: Human missions » A Return to the Moon by the Apollo 11 50th Anniversary. » 2013-02-02 14:02:45

Those points, and also the two asteroid (NEO) mining organizations.

If the asteroid mining operations work, then it sort of dampens the notion of the Moon for non-Moon resources.

So, the Moon is an object in itself, perhaps a bit like Antarctica, but with space tourism?

I would think that an item of research might be how the human body holds up in the Moons gravity field, so perhaps tourists could get a discount, if they agree to be part of such a study.

That information might give clues on how humans might do in the Martian gravity field.

An interesting notion might be if there may be people who would want to live on the Moon long term, as a sort of home for a awhile.  Artistic type people.

Of couse Scientists would likely have actions such as Telescopes on the far side?  Or would that actually be automation with a few repair people on hand?

#9249 Re: Human missions » A Return to the Moon by the Apollo 11 50th Anniversary. » 2013-02-01 21:08:48

There are so many proposed new things, I am getting somewhat excited.  True, reality will come to all of this over and over again, but I just have to think that eventually someone will hit the jackpot, and from there it will be a dreamers paradise.

Many things will be tried, most will not work out, but eventually something real, something big.

In the book "The Fourth turning" it suggests that the American baby boom generation was all about turning from the material to the spiritual.  Which is not all bad.  They were able to invent quite a few things, and dream of many more.  However the Prophets (Baby Boomers) are followed by the Nomads and the Heros, who are very interested in the material, since they did not have the benifits of the material that the Baby Boomers inherited from the Nomads, Heros, and Artists who preceded them.  So, I am optimistic that the Nomads and Heros comming into maturity will follow such a potential if there is some reasonable hope of a payoff.  Particularly the Heros will endure extreme hardship to see it through.

I know that perhaps I have made references that are obscure to you, but actually I believe that that book has something, since I worked out a fair part of what they say on my own 20 years ago.  Also there are references in that book to people who noticed these patterns many times centuries ago.  (It is mostly a feature of the whole Anglo cultural sphere).

I am quite excited to see how these people are moving into the material reality.  I am fully supportive, but very supprised at their excellent abilities.  Very pleased in fact.

#9250 Re: Terraformation » Venus + magnesium » 2013-01-31 19:41:11

Perhaps it is OK, due to the lack of current activity if I should suggest an optional deviation from that plan.

I have considered a "First Step" to neutralize the PH of Venus and make it more machine friendly.

A second step would be to reduce or eliminate the cloud cover, letting a large part of the heat potential out.

Metals inserted into the atmosphere would most likely move the PH towards neutral.  I expect it would take less metals than to dissapear the whole atmosphere into metal compounds.

It might be a perference if the Sulphuric Acid reacting with metals would leave behind some H20, but that may not be a subsidiary feature of such a process.

At any rate if you can dump metals into the atmosphere of Venus, perhaps not just Magnesium, but other metals, and Silicon.

I have speculated on a shell in the atmosphere previously, where below it is the bulk of the CO2, and also >3/4 ths of the Nitrogen.

Above the shell, Nitrogen at 58%, and if obtainable 42% Oxygen.  (500 MB?, about right for Venus with Times 2 sunlight?)

I am aware that Venus has ferocious winds.

However such a shell would "Float" on a layer of mostly CO2 like the surface of a waterbed.  Should it bulge, the weight of the bulge would draw it back down, because the above layer is approximately 1/2 as dense as what is below.  The shell would also need to be lighter than the mix below, which requires hollows with a light gas.

The sequence of building might be:
1) Get rid of the acid PH.
2) Get rid of most of the clouds.
3) Wait for the turbulence from this change to settle down.
4) Floating habitats, and high temperature robots on the surface.
5) Perhaps the Hall weather machine?  Refelctive bots?
6) More cooling if 5 is available.
7) Have a robotic system build a shell,  hives of very small robots. 
8) Begin separating the atmosphere above from that below.
9) Thicken the shell.
10) Habitate the surface of the shell.

It is all far fetched, but not the most far fetched ever mentioned here.

After all that either export atmosphere by some means, or indeed continue to import metals from Mercury, and reduce the volume of the atmosphere.  The falling materials of course would have to be fashioned into shell materials, or pushed under the shell.

If I remember, you like shell worlds also.

I can also say that if this was done, then the "Shell" could generally be highly reflective, and would have only 1/2 bar of atmosphere above it which would help cooling, the lower layers below the shell would eventually cool more.  Of course that would then require that the shell adjust it's size, so it's not all that easy, but I am guessing you are enterained a little bit by my response.

Venus is the really hard one.

Edited 01-Feb-2013 (I don't care much about the spellings, but I had the wrong N2 to O2 ratio I think).  Verbal is my one of my weakest abilities.

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