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#701 Re: Science, Technology, and Astronomy » What is the status today of O'Neill's vision today? » 2016-09-19 09:24:57

On Ceres you would need much bigger toilets to generate the water pressure under 2% gravity. Also under low gravity toilets would flush more slowly, you would need more water to get the same job done of removing the waste. I rather think it would get quite messy with water and fecal matter splashing out of the bowl in slow motion when you flushed it! You probably would need a deeper bowl so the water and what you put into it wouldn't splash out!

#702 Re: Not So Free Chat » Politics » 2016-09-19 09:15:14

RobertDyck wrote:

To be a reasonable human being, you should be proud of your country. But do not denigrate other countries. You are not a "nationalist" about the United States. What you're doing is threatening war on Canada. What you just said about Mexico is also threatening war on Mexico.

Did I say that? No  did not! Did the Federal Republic of German wage war on and invade East Germany? Did it ever occur to you that there are other ways to achieve national unification other than by war and invasion? No it did not! As far as Mexico is concerned, if they really liked Mexico the way it is, then why do they come here looking for employment? All I am saying is if they really want jobs in the United States and don't want to live in the shadows and have their employers take advantage of their illegal immigrant status, then the people of Mexico should consider having their country become a part of the United States. I did not make any threat of invasion, nor did I state that invasion is how we would go about adding Mexico to the United States, you suggested that, not I. So the question I ask you is why did you bring it up? You don't like the idea, so naturally you wish to present it in the most unpalatable way you can think of, namely achiving national unification through military force at the point of a gun, because you don't like the idea period! Yet you come here looking for a Job with NASA. That job you are looking for is paid for by US taxpayers, if you want to compete for that job on an equal footing, your people should be among those taxpayers. What I'm suggesting is entirely reasonable, I did not suggest war or invasion, you did!

Tom, all of us outside the United States have had to deal with Americans demanding free access to our markets. We have had to deal with American corporations demanding business within our countries change to be the American way. We have had to deal with corporations killing iconic domestic business. And we have had to deal with American citizens demanding they can freely enter our country, to work or vacation. All these things work two ways. If Americans can do that to our country, then we can to yours.

Again, you are letting your emotions get the better of you, you like to divide us into "Us" and "Them," I don't know what useful purpose that serves or how it serves the Canadian people to think of US citizens as the "Other!" If you look at it rationally, you will see we are not that much different from you, no more so than a Texan is different from a New Yorker, it is simply an accident of history that we live in different countries. What does Canada stand for other than not being part of the United States? That is a silly reason to have a country. The United States is based on an idea, that the government exists to serve he people, so what is in the best interests of your people and mine? Would Californians be better served if they lived in a separate country? I don't see it.

If you don't like it, tough! It's far too late. Both Mexico and Canada have been part of NAFTA for decades. Canada and the US signed a bi-national free trade agreement in the 1980s. There has been benefits, but there has also been massive damage. In Winnipeg, Canada has lost many entire industries. Winnipeg had the largest meat packing industry in all of Canada; it's all gone, taken over by a company in North Dakota.

So what's stopping those Canadians from moving to North Dakota so they can have those jobs? Ah yes, the National Border that's what! Please tell me how has that national border between the US and Canada ever helped you? Seems to me it is an obstacle, you can't get that job with NASA because of it. Americans have moved from place to place in search of employment all the time, perhaps some towns in Canada would prosper if it weren't for that national border preventing US citizens from moving there. National borders impede travel, so why would you want one between the US and Canada? From the purely selfish point of view of an individual looking for work, I don't see how that border actually helps, do you? Canadians are people and so are Americans, they have a similar standard of living and they speak the same language, so how does having a border between us help us as individuals? You haven't made your case for that? Because of some war in 1776 or 1812? What does that have to do with us in the here and now?

Yes that's right, not Mexico or some overseas country, to the United States. When Stelco succeeded, American companies bitched and got the United States to blatantly violate the terms of the bi-national free trade agreement in order to kill Stelco. NAFTA was supposed to ensure that never happens again, but it did. The United States blatantly violated NAFTA over soft wood lumber.

If we were living in one country, you wouldn't be complaining about these problems, you are still dealing with "Us" and "Them". If we were both part of the same country companies within that country would compete with each other, without some government going to bat for one or another and playing the game of national competition and which company is Canadian and which one is American. I think that is a silly game, don't you think? How does a divided continent serve our people? Can you think of a single advantage it has brought? Mexico at some point, when it gets strong enough is going to try and take back the American Southwest, what's wrong with nipping that in the bid as well, by having Mexico itself become part of the US? We already took part of Mexico, Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, and California were all once part of Mexico, I wonder why we only took the northern half back in the 19th century? Wanted the land to make slave states out of I suppose, but didn't want the people? You know how Texas became part of the United States? It all started with mass migration of Americans into Texas, the Mexican Government encouraged that migration, and guess what happened after a critical mass was achieved? Right now Mexicans are flowing over the border into the United States, instead of having the US and Mexico wrestle over some territory, how about use uniting our two countries together once and for all, so we don't have these territorial disputes in the future? Does that sound like a good idea?

And yet you demand the Canada surrender, accept rule by the United States.

Does the United States "rule" California? No California is a part of the United States, they have input in how the United States is government just as Canada would if it was part of the United States, what is wrong with that? Does Canada "Rule" Alberta? Why is not Alberta a separate country? The problem is you think of us in terms of "Us" and "Them" don't you see it doesn't have to be that way? Canada has more people than my state of Connecticut, you don't see me worrying about that, do you? Are we going to be "ruled" by Canada? I don't think block voting between national groups, especially when they are so similar is inevitable, and it won't necessarily result in one exploiting the other because one is more numerous than the other. What are you worried about, or are you just looking for reasons not to have national unification?

No! We suffered a hell of a lot of damage over blatant violations of trade treaties. We have no patience for some dumb-ass American citizens who bitch every time a Canadian company succeeds at trade with the United States. We certainly have no patience with an idiot who demands the United States annex our country simply because of that same trade.

Don't you see, this is an artificially generated conflict, you expect to rally behind your flag and for me to rally behind my flag and for my country to take away stuff from yours, but don't you see, it doesn't have to be that way. What really matters is not our flags but our people, and how would our people be best served! Do you think rallying behind the flag and having national competition between our two countries best serves them? Please explain how that is. is a continent divided into three countries really better off than one continent united as one country? Would you propose dividing up Australia?

The United States federal government did really stupid things that lead to the collapse of your banking system in 2008.

And maybe if Canada was a part of the United States it wouldn't have done so. California is a pretty significant state after all, imagine if the United States had another "California" that was Canada, the electoral dynamics would be different now wouldn't it! If you think Canadians would know better, than maybe having Canada as part of the United states would lead to better decisions, ever consider that?

According to Paul Martin, when he was Prime Minister of Canada, representatives from the United States came to Canada to recommend Canada do those same dumb things. Paul Martin did not, and warned the United States not to do it. But the Americans were arrogant. Yes, we can say "told you so". The American banking system collapse caused a massive recession, and almost caused a full world-wide depression. When the United States saw Canada weathered the recession better than the US, they decided to raid Canada for everything they could take.
No Tom. You are not reasonable.

The Banking System collapsed because Democrats pressured banks to underwrite mortgages to minorities who would not otherwise qualify, they couldn't pay back those mortgages and so the banking system collapsed. Now do you have minorities in Canada? I agree it was a stupid decision, and the Democrats thought they could rectify it by forcing banks to make loans to them when they shouldn't instead of dealing with the real problem which is income disparity! So are you saying that the United States and Canada shouldn't be united because you claim that American citizens are mentally deficient? Is that your reason? Do you claim to have superior intellect over us and that you wouldn't make stupid mistakes like that? It seems like arrogance on your part them. the Truth is your country is full of liberals just like mine, and they from time to time make stupid decisions just like in my country, whether we were two countries o one wouldn't change that?

#703 Re: Not So Free Chat » Politics » 2016-09-18 23:38:01

I find it interesting that your a Nationalist about Canada, yet you expect me not to be about the United States of America. You expect the United States of America not to have any borders that are enforced, let all the illegal aliens come right in and give them all citizenship and voting rights, and we are not supposed to defend our country, yet when I suggest you do away with your own country, so you can become part of a much larger one, you get all upset! Well which way is it going to be? I have no problem at all with letting millions of Mexicans immigrate to the United States and become US citizens, but my price for this is that Mexico become part of the United States. If the Mexican People aren't willing to pay that price, then I'm not willing to let them all come here whenever they want, and become US citizens or even have legal status and compete with Americans for jobs, I'm just not! If you want to work for NASA and you want to compete equally for NASA jobs, then my price is that Canada become part of the United States. Why should you get something without giving something? That is called trade! I think the United States should stop giving things away to foreigners for free, does that sound reasonable?

#704 Re: Science, Technology, and Astronomy » What is the status today of O'Neill's vision today? » 2016-09-18 09:47:01

I'll just say this, if AI destroys us, then all the talk about building space colonies will be moot, if it does not, then they'll be needed, even Gerard O'Neill assumed as much. He assumed that his larger colonies would be build with robotic workers and that he population density would go down as a result, and that was back in the 1970s when he said this, he said that his O'Neill Cylinder Island Three could support a population of up to ten million people, but because of all the robot labor involved in its construction, it probably wouldn't have to, that is also why his colonies, when depicted in art have that "suburban feel."
de_omgekeerde_wereld.jpg
space.colony.jpg
This is not a teaming metropolis you see here. Who would build such a thing? You see a town off in the distance. I think if it was built entirely by humans, it would b jam packed with skyscrapers, you wouldn't get such a rural landscape as depicted here.
The top one is similar to the cylinder depicted in Rama.
rama.jpg

#705 Re: Not So Free Chat » Politics » 2016-09-18 06:53:06

RobertDyck wrote:
Tom Kalbfus wrote:

Actually that war was between the United States and the United Kingdom, and the UK was fighting to keep her colony, which Canada was at that time. So tell me, do you want to keep your right as a British citizen? too late! There was no country called Canada back in 1812, it was a British colony, just like the other 13 colonies that became the United States.

In 1776 American revolutionaries tried to convince all 16 colonies to sign the Declaration of Independence. Yup, I said 16 colonies. There were 16 British colonies and 3 French ones. The revolutionaries didn't bother even trying to talk to the French colonies. 13 British colonies did sign, but 3 did not. The ones that didn't sign were Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, and Upper Canada. The last colony was later renamed Ontario. In 1812 the United States tried to conquer, subjugate, and annex Canada the same way Iraq did to Kuwait in 1990. They thought it would be easy, one American general said it would just be a matter of marching. They were wrong.

You are overlooking the fact that James Monroe wasn't Saddam Hussein, and he was a Democrat by the way! (Republicans didn't com onto the scene until the 1850s.)

Canadians do not want an unnecessary fight, do not want to start a war. However, if attacked we will defend ourselves. Some Americans thought they would like to be free of British rule, willingly accept American rule instead.

Canada was mostly full of conservatives in those days, unlike yourself. Bet you there were some liberals who were in favor of joining the United States, but they were outvoted! I wonder what you would do if you were suddenly transported back in time to 1812, bet you your fellow Canadians would have a hard time figuring you out.

Nope, will not. Officers of the British military at the time were aristocracy, arrogant and condescending. They thought Canadian militia was incompetent. At the start of the American war of independence, professional British soldiers kicked American ass. But eventually American soldiers learned how to fight. At the end of the war of independence, American soldiers could be out numbered 10-to-1 and still win. To do that the fight to be in forest, if in an open field the British still tended to win. So if they could defeat British soldiers so effectively, and Canadian militia is a joke, then they should be a push-over right? Wrong! You forget that assessment was the same arrogant condescending aristocracy you were fight for independence from. Why would you trust them? They found Canadian militia used the same tactics as American soldiers, effectively used cover. While British soldiers wore bright red coats with bright white leather ammunition bags and gleaming gold buttons, making excellent targets, the Canadian militia wore forest green coats, brown leather ammunition bags, and buttons make of bone. That was camouflage of the day. Furthermore, British foot solders were draftees from Scotland, Ireland and Wales, who really didn't want to be there and hated British aristocracy as much as Americans. They only reason they fought is they were drafted (British word is conscripted), they would be executed if they didn't fight. But Canadian militia were defending their homes, they were just as motivated as any American. In fact, when an American soldier fought against a Canadian, he may as well be fighting against himself. Oops! They didn't expect that.

Same was true of the South during the American Civil War, the Southerners were told they were defending their homes, when they were actually fighting to defend slavery, those Southern propagandists were very good, getting all of those non-slave owners to fight for their slaves by telling them they were defending their homes and southern honor instead, Suckers! 750,000 Americans lost their lives because of that stupidity, because of that propaganda that told Southerners that they were fighting for their homes instead of slave owners slaves, it served their purpose just the same, its just that Abraham Lincoln was a more competent leader than James Monroe. I don't get it, James Monroe was a member of the same party as Hillary Rodham Clinton, I don't know how you could support anyone like her! wink

Many citizens of the 13 colonies did not want to separate. They saw themselves as British citizens.

And they were called Tories, aka conservatives.

And they certainly didn't want to fight a war. So many citizens from the colonies moved north. Many moved to the mainland portion of Nova Scotia. Most citizens of Nova Scotia lived on the peninsula, there were only a handful on the mainland. But over 100,000 refugees from the 13 colonies flooded in. So many that the mainland was made a separate colony, it became New Brunswick. Many more moved to Ontario. After the wars America played games with the border, drew a big cut north into Canadian territory. British didn't want another war, so let America have it. Canadians were highly upset the British were so gutless. So the northern half of what is now the state of Maine was originally part of New Brunswick. Was populated by citizens who didn't want to be American. But after it became part of Maine, most didn't move again, they just stayed.

Unlike the French Revolution, we didn't have a reign of terror! They had no reason to leave, unlike so many French Aristocrats!

When Canada separated from Britain, we did it the Canadian way. Through negotiation, not war.

Tom Kalbfus wrote:

We do have the same News Media by the way, the same liberals that run the while show, providing favorable coverage for the liberals and unfavorable coverage for the conservatives

Canada does have Sun media and a website called "The Rebel". It's very very very Conservative. The Sun had a TV news channel for a while, many called it Fox new north. But its ratings were not enough to stay on the air. Sun media does publish a tabloid newspaper every day; tried to be a major newspaper, not as bad as most American tabloids, but definitely isn't a broadsheet newspaper. The Sun is very biased in favour of Conservatives, and Conservative values. So don't assume all media is Liberal. Down south you certainly can't call Fox news "Liberal".

Tom Kalbfus wrote:

Hillary Clinton is a Hawk?

Oh yea. She is. When Bill was president, Bill and Hillary tried to get the former Soviet republic of Georgia to join NATO. Very provocative. That ended with Russia playing games with treaties so that Russia could invade northern Georgia and the US did nothing. Just so Georgia would remain part of the Russian "sphere of influence". That war wouldn't have been necessary if the Clintons hadn't messed with a former Soviet republic. Did you see the New Hampshire debates during the 2008 primaries? That was the first debate, when all candidates for both major American parties were still in the race. Hillary was the only Democrat more hawkish than Obama. She supports military intervention in Syria, Iraq, others.

Tom Kalbfus wrote:

You'd be surprised. Walmart supported Obamacare. The United States and Canada are one people and two countries, we speak the sam[e] language, so its not surprising that there is cultural overflow. Those Canadian Nationalists are such because they do not feel they could compete in combined US-Canadian elections if our countries were ever to merge. Canada has the population of California, I think if our two countries were combined, Canada would have at least the same amount of influence as California does, with such leaders as Ronald Reagan for instance. Canada even has its own version of "Hollywood" in Vancouver, British Columbia.

Canadian and American culture is not the same. It isn't readily apparent from watching TV, but any Canadian who has spent any time living in the US, more than just vacation, will tell you there is significant differences. I've heard Canadian reports who moved to the US to cover American politics comment that American culture is more different than you would think. So it's not just me.

One Canadian political reporter pointed out that if Canada joined the United States, it would all vote Democrat. It would be so Democrat that the Republicans would have difficulty electing a president. Even Alberta, the heart of oil country and cowboys, a province called "Texas with snow". Calgary elected mayor Naheed Nenshi. The first Muslim mayor of a major North American city. Born in Toronto, raised in Calgary, so he is all Canadian. But he's Muslim, and his politics are left-wing.

You know that a bomb just went off in New York City? Just read about it this morning, and I think its going to help out Trump. If Canada became a part of the United States, they would become just as much a target as we are. I think a Muslim would have a hard time becoming mayor of New York City, and its not because New York City is a Right Wing bastion, rather is because those Muslim Jihadists keep on coming here and reminding us that they want to kill us, and people don't take kindly to that! New York City I one of their primary targets, so I guess Muslims are not going to be well liked in New York so long as that is happening. Its funny that Muslims are left wing, they are perhaps the only religious group that is, most left-wingers are not religious except the Muslims, and many Muslims don't agree with other parts of the liberal agenda except the anti-American part, they tolerate homosexuals because they have to, they don't comment about the feminists and the left-wing feminists don't comment about the way Muslims treat women, and the Jews in the Democratic Party just eat their bagels and cream cheese and don't have much to say about Israel anymore, lest they have conflicts with the Muslims in their party. Are there many Canadian Jews or are they moving south these days? Truthfully, I wouldn't mind Canada joining the Union, population wise it would be like adding another California, and we can always compensate by letting in Cuba. Cuba would make a nice addition as well, once they overthrow those Communists. A post Communist Cuba would be in dire economic straights, just like East Germany was before joining the Federal Republic of Germany. Trump had said he was an admirer of Putin, what has Putin done but add territory to Russia, I think Trump wouldn't be against adding territory to the United States, I mean illegal immigrants is one thing, but if they come with territory, that's a whole different kettle of fish. I think the Democrats want Mexicans, they just don't want Mexico. Having Mexico joining the Union would solve a long standing problem, mainly that of the South Western states that used to be part of the old Mexican Empire, once the number of Mexican-Americans reach a critical mass, and certain number of tem may want to be part of Mexico, if Mexico joins the United States, that problem is eliminated. Manifest Destiny was a Democratic Platform anyway.

There was never a set of principles defining manifest destiny, therefore it was always a general idea rather than a specific policy made with a motto. Ill-defined but keenly felt, manifest destiny was an expression of conviction in the morality and value of expansionism that complemented other popular ideas of the era, including American exceptionalism and Romantic nationalism. Andrew Jackson, who spoke of "extending the area of freedom", typified the conflation of America's potential greatness, the nation's budding sense of Romantic self-identity, and its expansion.[10][11]

Yet Jackson would not be the only president to elaborate on the principles underlying manifest destiny. Owing in part to the lack of a definitive narrative outlining its rationale, proponents offered divergent or seemingly conflicting viewpoints. While many writers focused primarily upon American expansionism, be it into Mexico or across the Pacific, others saw the term as a call to example. Without an agreed upon interpretation, much less an elaborated political philosophy, these conflicting views of America's destiny were never resolved. This variety of possible meanings was summed up by Ernest Lee Tuveson, who writes:

A vast complex of ideas, policies, and actions is comprehended under the phrase "Manifest Destiny". They are not, as we should expect, all compatible, nor do they come from any one source.[12]

John L. O'Sullivan, sketched in 1874, was an influential columnist as a young man, but he is now generally remembered only for his use of the phrase "manifest destiny" to advocate the annexation of Texas and Oregon.
Journalist John L. O'Sullivan, an influential advocate for Jacksonian democracy and a complex character described by Julian Hawthorne as "always full of grand and world-embracing schemes",[13] wrote an article in 1839,[14] which, while not using the term "manifest destiny", did predict a "divine destiny" for the United States based upon values such as equality, rights of conscience, and personal enfranchisement "to establish on earth the moral dignity and salvation of man". This destiny was not explicitly territorial, but O'Sullivan predicted that the United States would be one of a "Union of many Republics" sharing those values.[15]

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manifest_destiny
I figure that when robots start displacing human labor, there will be more support for economic redistribution anyway. Problem is Democrats are doing that now. You can't after all have free medical care when you need to pay human doctors to provide it! When AI gets developed, that is a different story, but right now liberals are proposing things that are premature!

By the way, movies are produced in Toronto as well. The movie "Suicide Squad" based on Batman bad guys was filmed in Toronto. Even Winnipeg has some movies filmed here.

Which goes to show you, as far as liberal Hollywood is concerned, Canada is America, Batman, the Joker, and the Suicide Squad are American characters, and they figure Canadian actors can play them just as well as Americans can, that shows you the difference between Canadian and American culture. Canadian culture is defined negatively as meaning "not the United States" by folks like you. Are there cultural differences between places like New York and Texas? Sure, and that is about the same difference as between the United States and Canada. I hate to tell you this, but most of the people that wanted Canada to stay in the British Empire during the American Revolution were not Liberal! They were fairly Conservative in fact, that is why they were called Tories! Do you call yourself a Tory? Former Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Harper was a Tory, and so was Margaret Thatcher, both members of the Conservative Party otherwise known as Tories. Back in the day, George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, and John Adams were Liberals! That was before So called "Liberals" took that Marxist turn with ole Karl! Before the French Revolution, the Liberal Movement was represented by those American Revolutionaries I talked about, that was before some people like Maximillian Robespierre and Karl Marx got the idea of subverting Liberalism towards tyranny and dictatorship, before them, America was at the forefront of real liberalism, not the phony kind that Karl Marx offered. But people being of average intelligence quickly fell for the gimmicks of class struggle and redistribution and envy. The American Revolution wasn't about that, it was about geographic separation and a rejection of Monarchy towards freedom.

#706 Re: Science, Technology, and Astronomy » What is the status today of O'Neill's vision today? » 2016-09-18 06:02:18

Void wrote:

That is certainly a good dream, and so it would seem your heart has value.

Strange, you have New York +, and also wide spread farm fields as some of your re-occurring notions, your reference points.

My background has to do with figuring out how to run your life without extreme guidance from a hiearchy.

That in theory is how Americans are supposed to be.  Some of our highest politicians seem to love to criticize people like me because we do not want to associate with predatory cultures such as the very old world.  (Those cultures in my opinion only run on hierarchy).  To me they are deadly poison.  Like being forced to co-exist with rotting corpses of the living dead.

I suppose I had better get to a point.

In my mind there is no chance that the sort of people we are dealing with as enemies these days would leave such a machine unmolested.  They are creatures that crave power and control.  So, a wonderful dream, but only if somehow you can keep the demons out.

You are not going to build this without Artificial Intelligence, there is a reason why the streets are vacant, and the landscape is empty, humans haven't moved in yet! That is why at the end of the movie, you see a space shuttle approaching.

It is a wonderful aspiration however! smile

And that is why I prefer smaller work oriented machines, where a small community pulling together to accomplish a profitable living.  Such communities are less likely to foster degenerates of the sort that crave control of large populations.  Rather such an environment will favor people who manipulate physical objects for profit, not other people.

#707 Re: Science, Technology, and Astronomy » What is the status today of O'Neill's vision today? » 2016-09-17 18:51:52

You ever see this movie?
http://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=O%2 … ORM=VDFSRV
What do you think? It is a variation on O'neill's idea with artificial illumination of the interior. I wonder how close one can get to those light sources without getting fried? My guess is they are giant florescent light tubes or LEDs, what do you think? In the middle of it is a model of the island of Manhattan and its surrounded by countryside. Not a soul is to be seen, although the fields appear to be cultivated. One can see the Twin towers in the model of Manhattan.

#708 Re: Science, Technology, and Astronomy » What is the status today of O'Neill's vision today? » 2016-09-17 15:53:57

If I recall correctly, Ceres has 1/50th of  Earth's gravity, Starting with the standard Model One Cylinder which is 100 meters in radius and rotates 3 times a minute, if you want Ceres gravity, the radius becomes 2 meters. So a person standing up will have his head almost at the center axis of the cylinder. Keeping the same proportions, a 4 meter wide cylinder will be 20 meters long Proportionally if the standard model one can hold 10,000 people, the Ceres Model One can hold 4 people! 4 people is the number of people Zubrin wanted to send to Mars. An O'Neill Cylinder that is 4 meters wide and 20 meters long is small enough to be built on the ground and launched into space in one piece. I wonder if the SLS could launch it, what do you think? It would be interesting to test out the geometry of an O'Neill cylinder using something that is small enough that we could build and launch into space, without having to build a moon base and mining facility first.

#709 Re: Science, Technology, and Astronomy » What is the status today of O'Neill's vision today? » 2016-09-17 09:15:42

Void wrote:

I think you are moving to convergence towards the rest of us, so I will move a bit in your direction Tom.

Yes, that only makes sense, to do it smaller, at least at first.

O'neill's vision was inspiring, but it was also defiance of history and nature.  It was a good aspiration, but a bit of a deception, so now I better understand G.W's position.

We like to think of ourselves as much more powerful than we are.  For instance I can recognize that the substances cast off/excreted from my body are matter, I cannot make a spaceship out of it and fly somewhere.  I might have tanned leather with my Urine, simply because that was something discovered to work, and I might fertilize a patch of nature with my outputs, but sadly no spaceship emerges from my B.S. or my emissions smile

Take for instance my mining experience some 30+ to 40+ years ago, yes great minds figured out how to upgrade an ore economically, but nature had to lay that ore that we would upgrade into our laps in the first place.

We need to find humility.  Our abilities allow us to do more than is obvious to a mindless brute, but never-the-less, life is a gift to us.

From my point of view, we should always be thinking efficiency against necessity, and capability expansion.  Never excluding either one.

O'neill's concept presumed that the human race might bypass Mars, because crunching up asteroids into synthetic habitat would be so efficiently capable of satisfying human needs.  Probably too optimistic.

So, if humans make even a mini-habitat, do I get fat medically expensive potato chip eaters, lounging in sunlight emitting bad smells which servile (Secretly Evil) robots compliment them on, or do I get more?

Do I get generation ships, or cycling spaceships, or way stations which serve a bigger purpose?  Or do I get lazy people increasing our rate of experienced flatulence?

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flatulence

I would dub the 76 meter side O'Neill Cylinder as the Martian Model One, O'Neill had several models of his O'Neill Cylinder, the smallest one he had has a radius of 100 meters and rotates 3 times per second to produce 1-G of gravity. If we reduce that to 0.38-gs, with the same rate of rotation, we get a Martian level of gravity this space station is only a little longer than the ISS from end to end, though it is quite a bit more massive. The best use for the Martian Model one would be as a colonization transport to Mars in a cycling orbit. Colonists acclimatize themselves to a Martian surface gravity on the way to Mars. The O'Neill also has a permanent crew that grows food onboard the ship for passengers, it can transport 1444 colonists at a time. We would need to get launch costs down to build this thing, but perhaps we wouldn't need to utilize extraterrestrial materials to build it. We could assemble it in low Earth orbit using materials built on Earth. Once we learn to build this small thing, we can scale it up and build larger space colonies.

#710 Re: Science, Technology, and Astronomy » What is the status today of O'Neill's vision today? » 2016-09-15 10:13:40

You know, what if we reduces the scale of an O'Neill Cylinder? Lets say we made it 200 meters in diameter and 1000 meters long, it would rotate 3 times per minute, each valley and window would then be the width of a football field.
This would be a compeditor for the Berna Sphere in holding 10,000 people. this is Model 1.

What if we reduced the size even further say to 100 meters wide and 500 meters long? At 50 meters radius it would rotate 4.23 times per minute.

If we reduce the diameter to 76 meters and spin it three times per minute, we would produce Mars level gravity, keeping the same proportions, that would make this O'Neill 380 meters long! the International Space Station is Approximately 356 feet (109 meters) long, so this O'Neill would be just a little bit bigger than this. It would hold 1444 people if population is taken proportional to surface area.

#711 Re: Not So Free Chat » Politics » 2016-09-15 08:24:13

RobertDyck wrote:

20 October 2015 I posted this in another thread...

RobertDyck wrote:

Canada had a federal election yesterday. Amazing results! I am a member of the Liberal Party of Canada, our party won! We won big! Last election was a big loss for us. In 2011, the Conservative Party of Canada went from minority to majority, but our party lost so badly that the third party, the NDP, won more seats in the House of Commons that we did. That made the NDP the Official Opposition for the first time. Since Canada was founded, the Liberal and Conservative parties have been government or opposition; both parties have gone through major changes, but it has always been one or the other. The NDP is a socialist party, they've been third or worse since they were created. But last election they did very well, relegating our party to third position. This election we won. We went from third party to government, the first time in Canadian history a party did that. But we didn't just form government, we won a majority.

I have mixed emotions about this. I tried for the Liberal nomination in my riding, and do have support from the riding association (electoral district association), but it was manipulated at the provincial level. However, I believe in fiscal responsibility. The Liberal party was government from the September 1993 to January 2006, the Finance Minister got us out of an incredible mess. He cut spending, eliminated the deficit, reduced debt, reduced taxes. I still believe in that. Before the election campaign started, the current Liberal leader made statements in support of both the left-wing and fiscally-responsible factions of the party. However, during the current election campaign, the Liberal leader said he would increase spending and run a deficit. Conservatives had dramatically increased spending; starting the first day they were elected. The last Liberal budget included spending projections for that year and 5 years in the future. Conservatives claim they cut spending for this year, but if you project spending from the last Liberal budget to this year, their spending is still far above what Liberal spending would be. But the current Liberal leader wants to increase spending further?

If the Liberal party had won with a minority, there might have been a chance they would have listened to me. I would argue for return to fiscally responsible policies from the last time they were in power. But with this majority, they will implement their election platform. That means spend-and-deficit.

I've seen politicians twist things around to make a loss sound like a win. I guess I have to find a way to do this. My party won. The Liberal candidate who won in my riding/electoral district did not. She actually did well, received more votes that Liberal candidates in a long time. In 1993 the Liberal candidate got more votes; that was the last time the Liberal party unseated a Conservative government to win a majority. My riding is the only one in the city of Winnipeg that did not elect a Liberal candidate. The Conservative incumbent was unseated, the son of the previous NDP Member of Parliament won, unseating him by a slim margin: 34.26% vs 34.14%. He won by 51 votes. The Liberal candidate got 29.22% and the Green candidate 2.37%. So how do I turn this to my advantage?

Today, just after midnight 15 September 2016, Tom responded with...

Tom Kalbfus wrote:

Liberal Press! Its not the Liberal Party that won, it was the Liberal Press. The Liberal Press controls the party agenda, it determines who gets elected, the Liberal Press is the same in Canada or the United States, and logic dictates that since the liberals like big government, they would coordinate the party agendas of both the United States Democratic Party, and Canada's Liberal Party, they will see to it that Liberal and Democratic Politicians that advocate for Unification of Canada, the United States, and of course the Mexicans, so they can get all those third world votes to cement their rule, and then they'll come up with a new flag for the North American Government, a new Constitution which cements their rule as the only party. The Media runs things, it has done most of the legwork for getting Hillary as far as she has got in the Presidential Election, and once she is President, they will control her, because if she doesn't do as they say, they will see to it that she is impeached, they got a lot of dirt on her that they've been holding back, she is their puppet, and if the Canadians aren't careful, she may end up being your President too! The Liberal Press doesn't want its puppet strings getting tangled, so they want only one puppet, and having only one country in North America makes things a lot simpler for them to control everything!

Canada has no desire to join the United States. We fought a war in 1812 to stay separate.

Actually that war was between the United States and the United Kingdom, and the UK was fighting to keep her colony, which Canada was at that time. So tell me, do you want to keep your right as a British citizen? too late! There was no country called Canada back in 1812, it was a British colony, just like the other 13 colonies that became the United States. We do have the same News Media by the way, the same liberals that run the while show, providing favorable coverage for the liberals and unfavorable coverage for the conservatives, the Media has a lot of tentacles, and they have two puppets which they control right now, the United States - through the Presidency of Barack Obama, and Canada through the Prime Minister Justin Trudeau. Sounds like your Prime.

Liberal Prime Minister Paul Martin said "The United States is our neighbour, not our nation." And there has been efforts by American press to control Canadian press. The first president of the CBC claimed executives from American media tried to give him orders. He just smiled and pointed out they don't own the CBC. The CBC was a bastion of Canadian culture, but has degenerated in recent years.

The Republican party strongly controlled the Conservative Party of Canada while Stephen Harper was leader. I met a group of former Progressive Conservative party members who jumped to the Liberal party when that party merged with the Reform party. The resulting merged party is simply called Conservative Party of Canada. One of those members told me the American Republican party paid for memberships to the Conservative party, and he still has the receipt for his membership to prove it. It's illegal for a foreign entity to interfere with Canadian politics. And party memberships are supposed to be paid by the member, not anyone else. That's a strict rule to prevent leadership candidates from buying delegates in the leadership campaign. And Conservative candidates and key campaign workers were sent to Conservative school in the United States. After all that there were attempts by the Liberal party to cozy up to the Democrat party, but they never were any good at it. Liberals in Canada are far too independent. Actually a lot of them are down right arrogant.

When Bill Clinton was president, some young people started to ask why Canada and the US are separate countries. I was scared at that talk. Then George W. Bush got elected. That showed them why; ended all such talk. Now there's Donald Trump. Some people are excited that Hillary is a woman, but others like me are very concerned that she's such a hawk. The US definitely needs change, but Trump?

Hillary Clinton is a Hawk? In what way? Remember Benghazi, she abandoned four men to their deaths, because acknowledging that they needed help by sending in a rescue force would have been to admit failure and imperil Obama's reelection, so she did not send anybody, and those four men were killed by terrorists. Now the question about "hawkishness" comes to this: Do you want to be a victim just like they were? Do you want a government that abandons you like they did those four men in Libya? What does a European government do when hundreds of their citizens are killed by middle east terrorists? They wait to see what the United States does, that's what! Rather unsatisfactory isn't it. What if you, a Canadian citizen, were kidnapped by ISIS terrorists, and a Bunch of US Marines come to your rescue, because there were some American hostages too? American taxpayers paid for those US Marines, they paid for their equipment and all their high tech stuff and guns. Hillary Clinton didn't send those Marines into Benghazi, I wouldn't exactly call that "Hawkish."

Why not Trump? He opposes unending illegal immigration into this country! Would you want Canada to be swamped with millions of illegal aliens from Mexico? How about Millions more from Syria? Donald Trump is a Nationalist just like you are! If you were not a Nationalist, Canada being absorbed by the United States wouldn't be a big deal to you, in fact it would allow Canada to have an even bigger government in Washington, and politicians who crave power would like that. Bet you there are a lot of liberals in Canada who would just love to be President of both the United States and Canada, because then they would have even more power to tax and spend! Do you think Justin Trudeau wouldn't just love the extra power he's have if the United States and Canada were one country and he was the President? I'll bet you Justin Trudeau could probably beat Hillary Clinton in a head to head race for the Presidency of both our nations were combined. Hillary Clinton has such a reputation for dishonesty, that I doubt there are many people in the United States or Canada who could stomach her, and Democrats like to over rule states in the United States, I'm not sure what Justin Trudeau would do about the Provinces, what if a conservative province out west wanted to define marriage as strictly between a man and a woman, and doesn't allow marriages between two men or two women, wouldn't the Canadian government overrule such a province?

There have been efforts by many in the United States to absorb Canada. Primarily American corporate executives who want to treat Canada as part of the US. Walmart bought Wolco, a major Canadian retailer. Hudson's Bay Company aka HBC aka "The Bay" is an iconic Canadian company, originally a fur company since the 1600s. They're now owned by NRDC Equity Partners, parent company of Lord & Taylor and Saks Fifth Avenue. Zellers was a large budget retailer owned by HBC; they were bought by Target who promptly failed and closed. I don't think any of these companies are "liberal"; big "L" or small "l".

No, US media does not control Canadian media.

You'd be surprised. Walmart supported Obamacare. The United States and Canada are one people and two countries, we speak the sam language, so its not surprising that there is cultural overflow. Those Canadian Nationalists are such because they do not feel they could compete in combined US-Canadian elections if our countries were ever to merge. Canada has the population of California, I think if our two countries were combined, Canada would have at least the same amount of influence as California does, with such leaders as Ronald Reagan for instance. Canada even has its own version of "Hollywood" in Vancouver, British Columbia.

#712 Re: Terraformation » Terraforming putative Proxima Planet » 2016-09-15 07:56:47

karov wrote:
Void wrote:

Now you might consider what would happen on less simple models of such planets where you have variations of combinations of:

-Coriolis effect.
-Spin rate.
-Tilt of axis.
-How circular is the orbit.
-Nature of the atmosphere.
-Flare activity.
-?

smile

Well, tidal locking tends to extinguish not only axial rotation, i.e. diurnal cycle difference from year cycle ( libration or 'swindle' ), but also eccentricity ( elliptic orbits circularized ) and axial tilt ( i.e. 'noding'), too.

So most of the dwarf fusors' inner planemos shall be dull in these aspects.

But "most" in case of DOZENS of TRILLIONS of such per galaxy ... gives quite sizeable 'minority population' of 10exp12 - 10exp13 digits still.

wink

If the year is only 11 days long, seasonal variation wouldn't account for much anyway, a planet the size of Earth would take time to cool down and warm up. I don't think winters and summers that are 2 to 3 days long would do much.

#713 Terraformation » "Rip Van Winkle" of Mars » 2016-09-15 01:25:29

Tom Kalbfus
Replies: 2

Lets suppose one of us were put on ice, cryonics. Lets suppose that some future generation learns to reverse the cryonic procedure, and we wake up on a Mars of the distant future, one that has been terraformed. Lets further suppose that our benefactors are mysterious, so we wake up alone with no one to explain things to us. We open our eyes while lying on a grassy meadow, the sky is above us. A stream trickles down from a mountain through the forest and into the grassy meadow, emptying out into a lake. A moose is grazing on some grass along the shore of the lake. You see he sun come out from behind a cloud, it seems smaller than usual, your shadow sharpens under its light, but somehow it doesn't seem that bright out, not even under full sunlight. You get up off the ground with hardly any effort at all. You attempt to walk towards the lake, but it turns into a slow jog, you feel a bit light, you sort of skip over the ground, and you land more slowly than you expect. After getting used to this new mode of locomotion, you pick up a rock, it feels lighter than you expect, you toss it into the lake, the rock soars further in a flatter parabolic curve and then plops into the water, and a slow ripple propagates from the splash points, as water droplets hang in the air for longer than they seemingly should. A frog startled by the thrown rock leaps into the air, going much further, up to six feet off the ground, clearing a boulder and then plopping into the water and swimming away. A bird glides lazily in the air searching for a meal. the trees in the forest seem tall and thin for their height, a chipmunk as big as a raccoon scrabbles up a tree trunk when it sees you.

What is the first thing that would clue you off that you were on Mars? What else would you notice that was different from Earth?

#714 Re: Terraformation » Terraforming putative Proxima Planet » 2016-09-15 01:00:37

I think the kind of technologies that can get us to Proxima, can do quite a bit towards Terraforming the planet Remember Forward's idea of a laser sail? Wha if we parked that behind Proxima to reflect light onto the dark side?

#715 Re: Not So Free Chat » Nothing in particular » 2016-09-15 00:56:25

RobertDyck wrote:

Canada had a federal election yesterday. Amazing results! I am a member of the Liberal Party of Canada, our party won! We won big! Last election was a big loss for us. In 2011, the Conservative Party of Canada went from minority to majority, but our party lost so badly that the third party, the NDP, won more seats in the House of Commons that we did. That made the NDP the Official Opposition for the first time. Since Canada was founded, the Liberal and Conservative parties have been government or opposition; both parties have gone through major changes, but it has always been one or the other. The NDP is a socialist party, they've been third or worse since they were created. But last election they did very well, relegating our party to third position. This election we won. We went from third party to government, the first time in Canadian history a party did that. But we didn't just form government, we won a majority.

I have mixed emotions about this. I tried for the Liberal nomination in my riding, and do have support from the riding association (electoral district association), but it was manipulated at the provincial level. However, I believe in fiscal responsibility. The Liberal party was government from the September 1993 to January 2006, the Finance Minister got us out of an incredible mess. He cut spending, eliminated the deficit, reduced debt, reduced taxes. I still believe in that. Before the election campaign started, the current Liberal leader made statements in support of both the left-wing and fiscally-responsible factions of the party. However, during the current election campaign, the Liberal leader said he would increase spending and run a deficit. Conservatives had dramatically increased spending; starting the first day they were elected. The last Liberal budget included spending projections for that year and 5 years in the future. Conservatives claim they cut spending for this year, but if you project spending from the last Liberal budget to this year, their spending is still far above what Liberal spending would be. But the current Liberal leader wants to increase spending further?

If the Liberal party had won with a minority, there might have been a chance they would have listened to me. I would argue for return to fiscally responsible policies from the last time they were in power. But with this majority, they will implement their election platform. That means spend-and-deficit.

I've seen politicians twist things around to make a loss sound like a win. I guess I have to find a way to do this. My party won. The Liberal candidate who won in my riding/electoral district did not. She actually did well, received more votes that Liberal candidates in a long time. In 1993 the Liberal candidate got more votes; that was the last time the Liberal party unseated a Conservative government to win a majority. My riding is the only one in the city of Winnipeg that did not elect a Liberal candidate. The Conservative incumbent was unseated, the son of the previous NDP Member of Parliament won, unseating him by a slim margin: 34.26% vs 34.14%. He won by 51 votes. The Liberal candidate got 29.22% and the Green candidate 2.37%. So how do I turn this to my advantage?

Liberal Press! Its not the Liberal Party that won, it was the Liberal Press. The Liberal Press controls the party agenda, it determines who gets elected, the Liberal Press is the same in Canada or the United States, and logic dictates that since the liberals like big government, they would coordinate the party agendas of both the United States Democratic Party, and Canada's Liberal Party, they will see to it that Liberal and Democratic Politicians that advocate for Unification of Canada, the United States, and of course the Mexicans, so they can get all those third world votes to cement their rule, and then they'll come up with a new flag for the North American Government, a new Constitution which cements their rule as the only party. The Media runs things, it has done most of the legwork for getting Hillary as far as she has got in the Presidential Election, and once she is President, they will control her, because if she doesn't do as they say, they will see to it that she is impeached, they got a lot of dirt on her that they've been holding back, she is their puppet, and if the Canadians aren't careful, she may end up being your President too! The Liberal Press doesn't want its puppet strings getting tangled, so they want only one puppet, and having only one country in North America makes things a lot simpler for them to control everything!

#716 Re: Science, Technology, and Astronomy » What is the status today of O'Neill's vision today? » 2016-09-14 10:19:19

The Moon is largely made up of what was formerly Earth's crust and mantle when a Planetesimal hit the Earth, a shock wave caused a portion of the Earth to bud out, escape into space and form the Moon. Because of that the Moon is relatively poor in iron, since most of Earth's iron core remained part of the Earth, but since the formation of the Moon, and number of asteroids have hit it, creating craters, some of the asteroids that hit it were rich in iron, so that iron should have enriched the crust into and around the crater. Even if that asteroid completely vaporized, I'm pretty sure most of it didn't escape back into space, so that iron is still mostly there. Iron has a relatively high boiling point and melting point, the Moon's surface is usually cooler than that, so iron vapor would condense on the Moon's surface after an asteroid impact. A lot of other stuff would too, such as Uranium, gold, and platinum. (which also has a high boiling point) Practically all of the platinum which was contained within an asteroid would remain at the impact site.

#717 Re: Science, Technology, and Astronomy » What is the status today of O'Neill's vision today? » 2016-09-13 13:44:38

What if you focus the Sun's rays on the rock to vaporize it? presumably different substances have different temperatures at which they vaporize, you can separate materials out that way. Remember, there is no shortage of energy in space, and it doesn't have to be turned into electricity before you use it, you can simply focus sunlight where you want it with curved reflective surfaces. If you vaporize the rock, the different elements and compounds will vaporize at different temperatures. If you want to collect the material that vaporizes at alower temperature, the vapor, as it expands in space, will cool like any expanding gas, as it cools it condenses. If you want the higher temperature stuff, its the stuff left over. You can also separate out elements by heating substances to plasma temperatures and breaking the chemical bonds. I think the element tungsten would be an important substance since it has a very high melting point, stuff with lower melting points can condense on tungsten. Upon contact with the vapors, the tungsten will absorb the heat and conduct it away causin vapor deposition.

#718 Re: Science, Technology, and Astronomy » What is the status today of O'Neill's vision today? » 2016-09-13 11:16:53

GW Johnson wrote:

Hi Void and Terraformer:

No,  it really doesn't take 80 years to learn what we need to know to go to Mars or anywhere else.  Neither should it take 12 years to learn what you come out of public school with.  But for either,  it does seem to take too long,  the way we go about doing things.  Especially government projects.

My hopes for leapfrogging this useless-government problem lie with the likes of Blue Origin and Spacex.  I saw the same illustration of rockets that Void posted.  Musk and his outfit are mired hip-deep in trouble again,  so I wonder if he will really reveal his big rocket and spacecraft at that meeting in Mexico this month.

 
Why not? There are always excuses for a delay. Developing a rocket is a messy business, things tend to explode! You just got to accept that as part of the cost of doing business and move on. the thing about Musk, is he takes risk that NASA is not willing to take, therefore his rockets are more likely to explode on the launch pad than NASA's. NASA always likes to analyze and test things to death, and all that Analysis and testing costs more than rockets blowing up on the pad, that is why the SLS costs so much!

But when he does,  it'll be a huge thing to the right of the Saturn-5 on that illustration.  They really need to get their act back together,  before Bezos' outfit eclipses them. 

There's a definite market in the 10-20 ton range to LEO (or the equivalent smaller tonnages to GEO).  That's what most of these existing vehicles address,  and what the upcoming ULA Vulcan addresses.  The Delta-4 Heavy no longer really flies.  ULA never simplified that one to get the price down.  Only NASA used it in recent years. 

Things like Falcon-Heavy and the New Glenn are aimed at interplanetary shots with nontrivial payloads,  and could also take men back to the moon for short trips in small crews.  They'll both be a lot less expensive to use and ready to fly sooner than the SLS/Orion that NASA is developing,  as mandated by Congress.  I notice this illustration does not show SLS.

I heard the SLS I already built, they are just waiting on the Orion capsule, because with an SLS if you use it, its gone, you got to build another one if you want another launch!

I think that when we finally do go back outside LEO with men,  it'll be less about moon versus Mars,  and more about all-of-the-above.  Too many folks are looking at Mars,  and commercial moon mining,  and maybe commercial asteroid mining.  That's the difference this time around.  No one outfit will do this,  it'll be teams of many outfits.  It'll likely kind of happen all-at-once. 

Government outfits like NASA really are in danger of getting left behind by this.  Although,  I don't see commercial interest in asteroid detection/deflection.  That's a very good reason for a government space program,  sort of the philosophical extension of providing for the common dense,  as the constitution has it. 

GW

George Friedman wrote:

There are 100,000 Earth crossing asteroids with diameters of 120 meters or more. Each of these can provide the mass equivalent of the Island One space habitat: 4 million tons of structure and shielding, 400m in diameter with a 2m thick shell, providing a safe, uncrowded, pleasant habitat for 10,000 people.

From Chapter 18 of The High Frontier

#719 Re: Science, Technology, and Astronomy » What is the status today of O'Neill's vision today? » 2016-09-13 08:37:32

GW Johnson wrote:

Globalization as-sold was to lift all boats and make everybody better off.  Globalization as-practiced-for-profit was merely outsourcing manufacturing jobs to slave labor economies.  Greed drove improper policies and approaches.  Money talks far too loudly in the halls of governments around the planet.

It is easier to steal than to make, the greed your referring to, is the greed of government insiders, that is typically large corporations and billionaires, with cash to invest in bribes, so they can get government to close off the competition of their competitors through increased taxes and regulations, and government spending on what they sell. You see, if your firm sells to the government, then you want that government to raise taxes, so they can buy more of what you sell. In government, only a few people make the decisions on what government buys. and it is much easier to bribe those few decision makers with cash on hand, than to provide a superior product, that most people would buy. When your selling to the general public, you have to provide a superior product or service, when you are selling to the government, you just have to grease a few palms to get them to raise taxes and spend more on your product. The politicians can't simply take public funds for themselves, that would look bad and they might not get reelected, so they need a middleman to take the public funds for a supposed good or service, that they will seek to justify to their constituents, and then they receive the kickbacks in the form of a campaign contribution, or a cozy job when they "retire." So its not competition per se, but the lack of it, which is the problem. If people don't play by the rules, or seek to influence government to change the rules in their favor, that is not globalization but its opposite!

Service sector jobs generally do not pay a living wage.  That's how middle classes are being destroyed in most advanced countries.  That's why everybody not part of the ruling cliques is mad.  That deserved anger is why "nationalism" is on the rise again.  It's not so much real nationalism (excepting Putin's Russia,  for one),  it's really "anti-globalism".

 
That really is a false choice, patriotism or globalism, people who are against globalism want protection for their weak ideas, ideas such as communism for instance, which was born in a global marketplace, but it seeks to eliminate it. Karl Marx very much took advantage of the global market place, he wanted to undermine, to sell his books and spread his ideas about communism, he was a cheater who sought to change the rules to eliminate competition. The global market place gives rise to those sorts of ideas as well.

Service sector jobs are harder to automate, because they deal directly with customers, manufacturing jobs do not! Customers are finicky and unpredictable, which is why machines don't do those jobs very well. Service jobs require a level of emotional intelligence that machines simply do not have, it is easier for them to assemble things in a predictable factory setting, there is not bringing back those jobs, that would mean replacing machines with people, making the products more expensive, and if you want to build space colonies, you actually need more automation. not less, Gerard O'Neill said that in his book, the High Frontier, the construction of very large space colonies such as his Island Three requires a high degree of automation.
Spacecolony1.jpg To give you an idea of what this entails, lets imagine we wanted to construct an artificial island in the middle of the Atlantic with the same amount of living space as O'Neill's Island three. If we unrolled a cylinder on put it on oil platform like floating stilts, it would be a massive rectangular platform about 12 miles wide and 20 miles long, this would be the equivalent land area of two O'Neill cylinders, since each cylinder loses half of its land to large windows on the floor to let in sunlight. How much do you think it would cost to construct such a thing? don't think humans have ever built so much land in human history, and if we were to get hard hats to construct it, it would cost too much, even excluding the cost of building it in space, the simple platform alone would cost maybe a trillion dollars I think. It is similar in principle to building a suspension or an arch bridge. You need a bunch of towers to raise the platform above the ocean surface so the waves can roll under them. Buoyancy below the waves in tanks is what keeps each tower afloat.

Until the day arrives that we really can derive suitable construction materials from asteroids or other space objects,  all giant-by-today's-standards space projects are simply financially infeasible,  due to the surface-to-orbit transport costs.  This is true whether a national project,  or an international project.  That actually makes very little difference.

 
The question is whether we can build a "Space Colony" on the surface of the Ocean, that since it doesn't involve launch costs, would be cheaper than building it in space. Maybe we should practice building a space colony on the ocean surface first.
long_island_sound_by_tomkalbfus-dahm7j1.png
This is what we'd have to build, if we were to build an Island Three on Earth. How much do you think it would cost? The main idea for building it here is as a replacement for New York City. You see New York City has been getting crowded as of late, traffic is a problem, there are not wide enough streets and the parking is insufficient, so if we were to build a New New York City, many of these problems would be solved! and constructing bridges from Long Island and Connecticut would be a trivial problem when compared to constructing it!

You can tell about where the feasibility boundary is today,  looking at the ISS with a suitably jaundiced eye.  It's a few hundred tons of stuff launched in 15-ton packages and docked together (not real assembly or construction in space).  It took an international effort to pay the $110+B bill (just the US portion).  A large part of that bill was the incredibly expensive transportation to orbit (around $60M-$100M per delivered ton).

From a propaganda standpoint,  the "fix" is in,  that we can never afford to take on a project that large in space,  ever again,  even as an international thing.  But that's a lie,  for using those funds on things other than space.  Such as wars for oil. 

The bill to build another ISS would actually be a lot lower,  and for two very good reasons:  (1) learning curve experience effects,  and (2) transportation to space that is more than a factor of 10 cheaper now for those same payload sizes. 

But,  building another ISS is not anything we should want to do,  because it's not really the space station we needed anyway! 

So,  if we build what we do need,  we won't get much learning curve benefit.  We do get the cheap transportation benefit,  which could make it affordable,  even without international partners. 

The station we actually needed would have had a giant centrifuge section turning at a practical speed,  for research into all the different levels of partial gravity.

The station we actually needed would have had an experimental work bay where we could test and develop technologies,  materials,  and procedures for doing real on-orbit assembly and construction,  not just docking. 

The station we actually needed would have had an experimental laboratory/factory section where we could have experimented with deriving useful materials from asteroids and other space objects,  and learned how to actually use those new materials. 

The station we actually needed would have had a biological life support experimental section where we could have better defined the long-term and short-term atmospheres suitable for all sorts of different missions. 

Among the hardware equipping the station we actually need would be a spectrum of space suits,  including mechanical counterpressure.  You cannot use a 7/16" or 11 mm wrench on the corresponding bolt,  with the ridiculously bulky and stiff gloves current suits have.  So,  how do you strip and solder a wire in zero-gee / vacuum?  How do you weld?  Etc,  etc,  ad nauseum.  THAT is construction!  Not what we did to build ISS. 

We could actually do this.  But if we do it now,  after all the years spent on shuttle and ISS,  it'll be past 2100 AD before we ever go to Mars. 

If instead you want to go to Mars now,  then you must figure out how to do it safely,  knowing about all those problems,  but not having any answers to any of them. 

And THAT puts you right back where we were in the 1950's,  just modernized to today's technologies and ground truth science.  You need a large expedition to multiple sites,  using an orbit-to-orbit transport equipped with multiple landers.  Everything must be suspenders and belt and armored codpiece; back-up upon back-up.  Leave an automated base facility when you return,  to tempt the next guys into going.

Simple as that.  And just as hard. 

GW

If we build the station you are talking about, we might as well attach rockets to it and make it an interplanetary spacecraft.

#720 Re: Science, Technology, and Astronomy » What is the status today of O'Neill's vision today? » 2016-09-12 10:55:39

Why would it have be international? An SPS is private property just like any other satellite that is currently in orbit. I don't see why we would want to limit ourselves to petrochemicals, why would we want to make the owners of oil fields rich at the expense of everyone else? I also think that people grow tired of the terrorism that petrochemicals finance. Why do we want to keep those fat oil sheik's gravy train running while the plot to murder us? I call that bad customer relations! Let do solar and make those Arabs work for a living rather than go out on Jihads against the West!

#721 Re: Terraformation » Terraforming putative Proxima Planet » 2016-09-12 08:34:19

If Proxima b is a water planet, that means it is likely less dense, since its mass is greater than Earth, this is good news if you are worrying about greater gravity. A less dense water planet would be larger than Earth, and could have a surface gravity that is equal to or less that Earth. A larger planet would mean more living space in which to live on. Since the planet is further from its Sun, a greater portion of it will be covered in ice. The ice will likely extend across the terminator over to the day side. This would take the form of sea ice rather tha ice bergs, since those are formed on land. fresh water would come from rain and snow. I'm not sue how salty a global ocean would be.

#722 Re: Science, Technology, and Astronomy » What is the status today of O'Neill's vision today? » 2016-09-11 22:11:12

As for space solar being "free",  you are ignoring the capital costs to put the facility there,  which have to be amortized into the sale price of the electricity over the life of the project,  one way or another.  All facilities have them,  but facilities in space at this time must pay an additional cost of about $6M per every ton of facility sent to low orbit,  higher still for GEO.

How much does a Solar Sail weigh? I am told solar sails have t be extremely thin to take advantage of the momentum of photons to push them a long. I think a square meter of solar sail would weigh a lot less that a square meter of photovoltaic solar arrays.
Now imagine a Solar sail, shaped into half a sphere that reflects sunlight and the other half being transparent to sunlight, then inflate it with a convenient gas, possibly nitrogen would do. We only need enough nitrogen to inflate this sphere so that half of it is a concave reflector. We orient the transparent half of the sphere towards the Sun. The sunlight passes through the transparent hemisphere, is reflected off of the Solar Sail, and is concentrated at the focal point., fluid expansion driven by the heat of concentrated sunshine drives a turbine and electricity is generated, the hot gas is then channeled into some radiators behind the reflective hemisphere so it can cool off and be recycled through the turbine so it can generate more electricity. A microwave antenna then transmits this energy to a receiving station on the ground. No photovoltaic cells required! I believe Marshall Savage once proposed this kind of Solar Power Satellite for his Millennial project, I don't see why this wouldn't work. Your Solar Collection area doesn't have to be where you convert sunlight into electricity.

#723 Re: Science, Technology, and Astronomy » What is the status today of O'Neill's vision today? » 2016-09-11 09:18:26

In comparison,  why would we ever want to build a space power satellite?  It costs a lot more to build,  the transmission loss problem is far worse,  we do not yet know how to build structures that large in space,  and not knowing anything about how to utilize space resources yet,  the cost is far higher still because we have to ship the entire mass up from Earth.  And there is the Murphy's Law inevitability of the errant beam direction problem.  Maybe later,  when we have learned to do those enabling things,  we might want to build one.  But not now.  Maybe elsewhere than Earth.  Who yet knows?

1) The Sun's energy is for free.
2) its constant, there is no night or cloudy days
3) If there is transmission loss, we simply collect more solar energy to compensate and factor that in
4) Also people don't typically live in vast empty deserts, which are places on Earth where vast solar farms might be located

Solar panels take up space which can be used for other things, if for instance you live in an apartment building, having solar panels on your roof isn't an option. If for example you live in New York City, and you want to provide solar power for all 8 million residents, the amount of roof space compared to living space is not sufficient, you would have to clear cut some forests in Westchester, Long Island, or New Jersey, and you would have to use eminent domain to force people to sell their homes, so the can be bull dozed to make room for the solar farm you want to construct to provide for the electricity needs of the city, and of course all those trees you would have to clear cut, some environmentalists will object!

The real estate in space is much cheaper than the real estate on Earth, the Solar energy you'd be collecting is space doesn't otherwise fall on Earth, and you don't have to clear cut vegetation to make room for the SPS satellites, and if you build a solar farm out in the desert, you have to consider the distance between that desert and the city who's power demands you want to provide for. For example, how far is the nearest desert from New York City? I believe it in the American Southwest, you would need to string up transmission lines from the deserts of Arizona all the way to New York City, to provide for New York's power needs, without doing enviromnetally destructive things, such as clear cutting forests, or displacing farms.

Imagine taking a drive through upstate New York, typically you see a lot of farms, imagine replaceing those farms with solar power stations, instad of seeing miles and miles of wheat fields and dairy farms, you see miles and miles of solar panels instead, the lost agricultural areas will have to be made up somewhere if people wish to have food on their tables.

#724 Re: Interplanetary transportation » Laser Sail to Alpha Centauri, followed by human upload and download » 2016-09-11 01:52:54

You could, but then you can transmit more through the laser, it becomes a portal to another star system, that is the point!

#725 Re: Science, Technology, and Astronomy » What is the status today of O'Neill's vision today? » 2016-09-10 00:07:04

Void wrote:

OK, so it's one, two, three and your out at the old ball game.

Granted, not technically proven for ability or efficiency, not proven safe (Many serious reservations on safety), and I will add, not after all competitive.  That is, three main reservoirs of oil at price remain, Russia, Persian Gulf, and USA.  All others may be screwed, fastly (New word) or over an excruciating period of time.  And then there are electric cars, alternative energy, and the demographic realities.

So, unless others who want to do the work prove otherwise, power on the Earth is the mode of the current time, and not beamed power from space.  We are in a different era.  Isn't it interesting how "Karma" plays out?  The M.E. should have been happy to have what they had, but instead they prompted a revision of reality which has gone against them to some extent.

Some have suggested asteroids, as a purpose.  What does that indicate?  Some asteroids are large and far away, and some are NEO.  I think that if there are companies that think that they can turn a buck, mining NEO's then let them have at it, we will then see what they can do.

Now the Moon, we will share, at least with non-zombies.  That is if we can ever prove our worth by doing what we want.

Similar surface area to the America's, and not dry bones after all.

The Marsies are horrified.  Shouldn't be, gonna get that too I think, if it all works out.

Why wouldn't the same rich people who are presumed to want to pay for a joy ride into sub orbital space, not want to walk on the Moon in a telepresence alternate body, and pay for it?

Why would not a university want to pay for a geologist to do the same thing on the Moon?
And of course aquisitioner entities, for the same or similar motives, bonded with the universities.

I see much to do.   I see that there may be many who do not have true hearts in this.

Done. smile

Maybe Lunar Polar Orbit would be a good place to build an O'Neill colony. Mount amass driver at the Lunar North or South Pole, on a giant turn table, and counter-rotate it so as to cancle out the Moon's spin, that way you can hurl rocks into the same orbit, have a catcher catch those rocks and build an O'Neill colony in Low Lunar Orbit, the material only needs to move  short distance. You don't even have to land people on the Moon. Teleoperated robots can do the mining.

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